Wai i ka mea mua 'Eulopa, e hiki i ka mokuna o Australia?

Ua ua ike ia ka colonization o Australia, hoomaka ae la ke aloha i na discoveries o James Cook. Ua i ka mea nana i hai mai i ka hou aina nona ma ke Kalaunu, i na inoa o ka ahuula a me nā Hono, kaha palapala i ke kapakai o ka'āinapuniʻole. Akā, o ka papa, na mea i ole pela poe noonoo ole. Na ka poʻeʻEulopa mua hiki i ka mokuna o Australia ua ole Cook. He ua nui mua, e lele ana i ka hae o ka nui manuwa mana o ka manawa: Portugal, Spain, a me ka Netherlands.

Terra Australis

ʻO ka wā kahiko, ua koho koke o ka poʻeʻEulopa mea i loko o ka Hawaiian hemisphere, e e'āinapuniʻole, balancing ka (Northern hemisphere). Kēia mythical'āinapuniʻole i kekahi kumu o ka ulu no explorers a me cartographers. Ma ka ho'āʻo pono e hoʻowaiwai i na o ka poʻeʻEulopa i ka manao ana Terra Australis e e waiwai a me ka momona. Akā, ka mea, i ole hoao i ka hoʻomāka huli: o ka mea e kiʻekiʻe lakikū i i olelo hoopomaikai mai ai kekahi mea maikai luina. Ka mea, ua kaulana no ko lakou mau ai ka makani ino, a me ka ole i kekahiʻau i makemake. Eia hou, i ka ino, i ka holo moku, makau o ka anuanu noe. Ua ua no ka hope, presumably, nō ka mea, uaʻikeʻia ma hope Australia ma mua o ka puni mokupuni.

heluna kanaka

I ka manao e pili ana i ka poe i hiki mua na kapakai o Australia, ka mea i pono, e hōʻike Aborigines ka poe i noho i ka'āinapuniʻole ma kahi o 40.000 makahiki aku nei. Lākou mau kūpuna i hele mai, mai Asia, a ua hiki ke neʻe i Australia no ka mea, i loko o ia mau lā ma ka'āina i ka iki okoa shape. A laila, ua kaʻawale kahiko no Australians mai ke koena o ko ke ao nei, i ko lakou moʻomeheu ua Hawaiʻi loa lohi. No laila, ka lanakila Europa i loko o kekahi leo i kapa ia "poino."

Owai la ka mea mua i hiki aku ai i ka mokuna o Australia?

I ke kakahiaka nui 16th kenekulia, Pukiki colonialists E ke Kumu i ka Sunda Islands. Local nā kupa hai mai la ia ia i ka aina e moe ana i ka hema-hikina. pae nā Pukiki, ma ka akau-komohana o kahakai o ka'āinapuniʻole, hookolokolo aku la ia ia, a ike ia futile. Kekahi hoike o ko lākou noho 'aneʻi ka mea, ua haʻalele: he mau kenekulia ma na kapakai o Roebuck Bay loaʻa Pukiki pū.

Ma ka hapalua like-16th kenekulia, ka mea i ike i kekahi hou lepo i loko o pili koke - Papua (New Guinea). A pau o ka mokupuni i loaʻa i loko o kēia mau lakikū (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ma ka ulia), i ike i kekahi hapa o ka Unknown South Land, akā,ʻaʻole i ke Pukiki, aole hoi Paniolo mea ole hou ?? eoi? Me ka hana malu. Na kapakai, uaʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi, a me na kanaka - i ka poe ilihune. ʻOiai ka pelapela a Hawaiian laina i ua hapa 'ia' kaha palapala, mōʻaukala i ole hoola ana i ka inoa o ka luna, ka mea i ka Europa mua e hiki i ka mokuna o Australia.

Na hana o ka hikina India Company

Ma ka manawa o ka huli 'ana no ka Terra Australis hoihoi i loko o Hōlani, Spanish hoʻokele (Mendanya, Quiros a me Torres) loaa i ka mokupuni o Santa Cruz, e like me ka Marquesas, a me ka Solomona Pae Aina, a hoao iho la ia New Guinea Hawaiian Honua mea ole. I ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia, ka Hōlani hopu i ke Pukiki, Sunda Pae Aina, i hoʻokumu i ka hikina India Company a me ke komo 'ana kalepa me India a me ka Hikina Hema Asia.

Papa i Hōlani moku e noho ana i loko o ka hawaiian panalāʻau, hoopakele i ka hailona o ka manawa, ma ka hou, e moe ana kŘpa a kokoke i ka mea hypothetical South Land, a ka Hōlani 'Imi imi. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka mea o ka poʻeʻEulopa mua hiki i ka mokuna o Australia Hōlani luna Willem Janszoon. Kēia mea i Documentary hoike. Kupa o Cape York Peninsula halawai mai la me na luina Yanszon oi ma mua o unfriendly, a me ka luna wikiwiki i ka holo. Ua hiki i ka 1606.

holo ana Tasman

I loko nō o ka hopena maikaʻi hōʻike manaʻo Yanszon ka aina hou a me kona poʻe e noho ana, ka hikina India Company hana mau, e hoouna aku kona mau moku ma ka kūloko wai. Komikina'Āina i ka 1642 - Ka hou kia'āina o Batavia (Jakarta) - Anton van Diemen Abela Tasman i loko o na mea a pau, e loaʻa hou'āina.

I loko nō o ka ino, i ka moku i na kapakai o Tasman unharmed ka kekahi moku, a i ka inoa o van Diemen ka Land, a me nā makahiki ma hope Kapa hou i ke Tasmania. Abel kūkala kona'āina hoʻoili o ka Hōlani, aole nae ia i ike ia ma mua ona - he mokupuni a me kekahi hapa o ka'āinapuniʻole. A laila, ua ike New Zealand, a na ka poʻeʻEulopa mai i ike i kekahi mea, a me Tonga a me Fiji. Ua Ua loaʻa i nā mea a pau i loaʻa mua Islands i ole kekahi hapa o ka pelapela a, conventionally kapaia o "New Holland". Nā mokuna o ka ike ole South Land emi ana hoʻii ka hema.

Dampier ma Australia

Holo ana Tasman, he pono ole. Eia hou, ma ka hapalua like-17th kenekulia, ke Netherlands ua waiho wale aku no i ka moʻo o make ai ma 'Enelani, a lilo kona kiʻekiʻe aʻe. Haʻawina o ka hema kai hana i ka Beritania. O kēia mau mea, no ka mea mua, e hiki i ke kapakai o Australia, William Dampier. He palua holo i Australia (New Holland) i a me ka ao ana o ka akau-komohana uka ua palapala mau puke e pili ana ia. Mahalo ia ia, he hou'āinapuniʻole mai i kapa ai i ke ao nei (ka Hōlani kā lākou mau mea, ua ulu a pau i uhi malu ia).

Cook ka mua holo

Ua hae Dzheyms Kuk ua kaulana no kona hiki ke hoʻokele a me ka cartography. No laila, ka mea, o ke aupuni o Beritania i hele e makaikai i New Zealand a me kona nā wahi. Eia naʻe, kauoha aku, hu ae la kona wale, e malama i ka Venusa hele ma ka poe pā hōkū (i kēia hanana mea o ka hoihoi i astronomers). Eia hou kekahi, James Komikina'Āina i ka "pahu mai" a pau na aina i loaa ia ia. A hiki o Cook ma Australia, ka mea, ua i ka makahiki 1770. Ka huakaʻi aʻo oi ma mua o 1.600 ei hikina kapakai. Mau aina lutanela i kapaia o New South Wales.

Mau strategically nui na awa i kona mau luina huki aʻela i ka hae o Beritania. i ike, a aʻo i ka Cook Great ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai Waikiki , a ike i New Zealand ua hanaʻia ma nā mokupuni.

nui discoveries

A hiki o Dzheyms Kuk i Australia, oia pae i loko o ke kai kūʻono, hopeʻikeʻia me Botany Bay. Eia, i ka Beritania i ka nani mea kanu a me nā holoholona i i ole i loaʻa i loko o kā lākou mau hale aina. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ke kai kūʻono i ka inoa o Botany Bay ma ka Initiative o ka moku o nä känaka 'epekema mau kapa a pau. Ma keia wahi, i ke kime koke ka hoʻomaka 'ana i kāna hana a me ka lāhui' ōiwi heluna. I mea, o ka colonization Beritania o Australia hoomaka me ka luku ana i nā noho, a ma ia mau lā, ua manaoia e e emi iki mahope o.

'Aʻole loa mamao mai ka Botany Bay, Cook loaʻa ka loa kupono awa, a, o ka papa, ke aupuni mai la. Hope hele mai la ka mua i loko o ka hou'āinapuniʻole kulanakauhale - Sydney. Luina hele ma ka hikina kahakai, a laila, ua hoʻokōʻia a me ka akau. Cook i inoa i nā mea a pau i ka nui mau wahi, a unuhi ae la i kekahi palapala 'āina o ke kapakai. Ke Beritania i i malama i ka ka mea mua e hiki i ka mokuna o Australia. Ia mea, ua nui e haʻi i ka ia nā kumu kāki o kēia mau panalāʻau e noho. A haʻalele lākou i nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o ka hoike ana o kona noho ana, huki hae a akahele hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi kā lākou mau hana.

Ia nā mea Cook hele

James, hoi aku a hiki i na kapakai o New Zealand iloko o ka kekahi huakaʻi, akā, ma ka Australia hou pae. Kona hana ua e hooiaio i ka mea pohihihi Hawaiian'āinapuniʻole nō i koe. A i ka wā Cook ma ka'Aukekulelia kahakai, oia ua ike, e like kā lākou mau mua, i kahi ma New Holland, aʻaʻole i kekahi wahiʻokoʻa.

Moku i kela kapa o ka Arctic Circle, a hele aku ai a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe lakikū, a halawai me ka pack hau, a me ka icebergs. Cook i ka Logical hopena ia ina ka Hawaiian'āinapuniʻole, a he mea, a laila, e hiki ole kiʻi iā ia, a me ka uku hoopanee i loko o ia mea ole, e like me ka uhiʻia i loko o ka hau.

Like no ka Australia, ka mea, o ua kona kūhelu puka ma Botany Bay moku hiki 17 makahiki ma hope me convicts maiʻEnelani, ka poe i e hoʻomaka i ka hou ke ola 'aneʻi.

mea, ua ulu

Mākou hiki ole ke olelo me ka oiaio, i mua o ka poʻeʻEulopa hiki i ka mokuna o ka Australia, akā, ka mea i ole Cook. Kona kānaka apau i mākaukau mea i aneane oia e wehe i ka'āinapuniʻole hou, hookolokolo aku la ia ia pono, a wālua i ke ala no ka hope colonization.