Ano o ka pena. Art pena. Art pena ma luna o ka wahie

Art pena like me ka ano o Nani Loa nō mau i ka mooolelo o kanaka oe. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole pono kekahi pelaha paha, kona o Mānoa, he nui aku, no ka mea, pono e e lana ana mai o ka manawa, hoʻohuiʻia i kaʻike hoʻokumu o na hanauna he nui o nā haku. Ua Ua organically ua hoʻopili i ka motherland - i ka wahi o kona kumu i loko o nā mahiʻai kaiaulu (ranchers, mahiʻai, aiia).

A nana aku oe i ke akamai noʻeau pena

Art pena ua pili i nā huahana hoopuni koʻu mau kahiko maoli "kemokalaka" Pono Ha awina: maoli fabrics, lāʻau, palolo, ili, pohaku, iwi.

A hiki i ka XVII kenekulia mea kupu ma ka hopena ola i loko o kanaka maoli aina. Nā mākau i hala haku o kūpuna laina, mai ia hanauna aku ia hanauna aku. Hone ho'ākāka noʻeau 'ana i kūpono e optimally ike huahana. Koho loa expressive maʻiʻo a me kāu kiʻina hana o ana i ka lei. Pena i kuhikuhipuʻuone hoʻonaniʻia palena, nā pā pōhaku, hoaka, kaola a me nā kolamu, a ma ka hale - mau, mea o ka hana.

I ka wā mai XVII e XVIII kenekulia oe pena i loko o Rusia ka mea, ua lilo iho la ka ia, e pili ana i nā huahana no ke kuai. Ia, aole ia e lilo ana i loko o kanaka, na haku, a me kekahi mau mea o ke kauhale. Ma ka XIX kenekulia he mea artisanal hui o no oe i pena. No ka laʻana, haku o Fedoskino'āhihi no laila, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia lakou iho ma hope o ka make ana o ka waiwai nona i ka 1903, a ua mālama lākou nō. I ka 1876, hoʻomaka ka systematization oʻano o ka pena Kumu Isayev AA i loko o ka mau-buke monograph "ke akamai o ka Moscow aina."

Ma ka 20-30-ies ka Soviet aupuni nui ma luna o ke kukuluia'na o ka Free lawaia Free kahi Hawaiʻi nei ulu hoolaʻi nō-oaio? A, ulu kiʻiona ano o ka pena. No ka laʻana, Khokhloma pena i loko o ka Nizhny Novgorod māhele 'āina.

Kou akamai o? Acaeoey o ka pena, e like me na ia a pau o nā mea noʻeau, a me ka akamai, hoomaopopo a ho'ākāka 'ana hoʻii ka nä känaka' epekema a me ka mea aʻo Vasiliem Sergeevichem Voronovym ma ka monograph "Ma kua'āina oe."

Currently, i ka poe ua 'Imi ulu i ka noʻeau mural penaʻAno ma ka mea e halawai me koi e like me ke kuai ana o Rusia, a ma kahi e aku. Pena huahana ana ka hoopakele ana i kona maʻamau o hana i increasingly lilo hiʻona o ka aesthetic a me ka noʻeau waiwai. No kā lākou? Iecaianoaaiiuo hoʻohana laekahi machines a kūikawā lako a - no ka roughing a me ka hoomakaukau hana. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE makakū laulima, like me he mau kenekulia aku nei, ua i ka lima ma ka haku Artists.

pena Art

He mea hiki ole keia i ole e hoailona oukou i ka aina pena EUIAaIN ka loa kiʻi o ka huahana. He lilo oi expressive ma ke ano unahiʻole, i kaʻilikai, pāpana laina a me proportionality. Lolina "despiritualized" huahana i na hana o ka Artists mehana a me ka ola ana. Ka hope ua loaʻa ma ana i nā kumu o ke gula a me ke olonā i nō (unuhi a me ka pena). ʻano o nā pena e ho okumu i ka hana maikaʻi 'ehaʻeha o kāʻei kua, ma ka hoʻoikaika a me ka wahi o ka lawaia ola.

Olelo ana formally, i ka Nani Loa pena ua hana ia e ana i ka palaki pena ma kekahi ili. It E e kaulana he nui loa: Haʻalele pena, hōʻikeʻia nani i ka holistic pokole, pena mea mau fragmentary.

Poe akamai i akamai pinepine kamailio e pili ana i ka kŰia o Lūkini pena: ia mea ke ao aloha me ka aneane kekahi kaila o ka minimalism, kēia, aupuni. Technology, i hana ia e kahiko mau haku, hemolele ma hanauna o nā haku i loko o kekahi mau wahi, e pili ana i na mea stylistic hōʻike. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ma Rusia ma XXI kenekulia i ua hookoeia mai, a hoʻomohala acee? Iuo oeiia o ka pena: Gzhel, Khokhloma, Boretsky Gorodetsky, Mezen, Onega, permogorskaya, pizhemskaya, Polkhovsky-paydanskaya, puchuzhskaya, rakulskaya. E noonoo i nā hiʻona o kēia mau kiʻiona styles.

Ka muli o ka khokhloma

Ke hana i ka pena i ka laau me ka gula ano me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka pololei olelo ana, i ke gula, ua hoolilo Khokhlomskaya haku o ikona-splitters e wehe i kēia ike-ana i loko o ka XII kenekulia i loko o ka malu waonahele nahele hikina o ka Volga. Ma ke ala, ka mea, ua kama'āina nō me ke akamai, ina pena: lathe pāʻoihana a me ke akamai o ka mea kahiko lei. Paha ka mea, ua i kama'āina i nāʻano kahiko o ka pena,

Nui kalepa kauhale o Nizhny Novgorod māhele hikina o ka Volga - Khokhloma - e like me ka Mākēneki, he Mākēneki no ka mākaukau poe paahana.

Kēia, i ke kālā no parlance, he 'āina maikaʻi no ka pūʻulu o nā kauhale e pili pū ma luna o nā kapa o ka muliwai Uzola River hana ole wale no na wahi lulu Lūkini kuai. Waiwai kālepa i kuai ai i kona nui aoao o tradable waiwai, a lawe ia no ka mea hoʻolilo. Penei, Khokhloma market ua "ma lalo o ka pu", nā kūloko ma, a mawaho aha kanaka, a no laila, ka mea i Kīwala'ō ma lalo o ka mea e like ai o ka Competition ma kumukuai Competition. maoli kumu hoʻopaipai i hana: i ka hiki ana o kanaka masterovitogo lawe mai iā ia tangible waiwai.

E like me ka noiʻi e akamai i loko o ka wā mai XII i XVII kenekulia i Hawaiʻi Khokhloma estilo, i integrates kahiko Nizhny Novgorod ano o ka laau pena.

I ka wā mai o ka XVII e XVIII kenekulia Khokhloma kaila ka hapanui hana. Kēia manawa ka kona oaio? I:

- hola "Kokhloma Artist", i ua hoʻohana mai ka haku noho Koverninskii Apana (Semino listen'ōlelo.). I kā lākou i pena Kīwala'ō ma lalo hihiu pua a me ka hua;

- Ahahui "Khokhloma pena", Semenov. Masters Ahahui mea maʻa mau hoʻomōhala i ka theme like o fantastic'ōniʻoniʻo.

enehana khokhloma

Nuna akamai "ke olonā i palaki" i loaʻa i loko o ka laulā o ka waiwai kanu lei. A nui kūlana hoʻokaniʻia ka mea e like ai o huahana. Art Khokhloma i oleloia kaʻaeʻana haku kekahi 'enehana. Characteristically, ka mea, i ole hoʻololi i ka keia lā. E helu i ka mea o kona kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

- vytachivanie ma ka lathe o ka lāʻau ipu ( "holoi");

- primer laina i ke kinowai ai pāʻoihana pela i hoomakaukau lepo ( "laau"). I ko makou manawa, a hiki i kēia hopena, hoʻohanaʻimi hoʻopunipuni primer;

- piuta ke tina a me ke kala. Ano, i ka Aluminum hoʻohana no keia mea;

- Nani Loa pena ma luna o ka lāʻau, a me ka maloʻoʻana o ka huina hoonui i loko o ka umu;

- varnishing a me ka wela ka maloʻoʻana.

Mālama nui wela lapaʻau o nā huahana i ho'ākāka 'ano gamut he makemake ko elemakule Lūkini pena: he huihui' ana o ke gula, a me kaʻulaʻula cinnabar me kaʻeleʻele waihoʻoluʻu. Ie Kokhloma wela umu i i pili i ka nani a me ka Akä naÿe o kēia mau waihoʻoluʻu.

Nā Papahana Khokhloma pena

Vintage manao o ka pena ma luna o ka wahie, noniakahi i loko o ka Khokhlov, hōʻike 'elua o kona' oihana, "kāʻei kua" a "mauna" i ka palapala. Ke loa ka inoa o ka'ōnaehana maupaʻa ke ano o ke ana i ke kumu oʻano shape.

"Lio"'ōnaehana komo ai i ka palapala noi o nā pōpōʻano outlines 'ana ma luna o ke kāʻei kua gula. Ka Ike paha ke gula "contouring" 'ana mai i ke kāʻei kua ma "zarisovyvaniya" hakuʻeleʻele a me kaʻulaʻula ka lewa a puni ke "gula curls".

Kēlā me kēia'ōnaehana hoʻohana i ka ia ano o Khokhloma pena. Aia mau wale eha, "Kudrin", "he berry" ( 'ole "i ka lau"); "A lāʻau"; "Ma lalo o ke kāʻei kua."

"Kudrin" kuhi "lāʻau lapaʻau" kumu i kākauʻia e ka loa he palaki. He mea iki e like sedge, nae, pii pohihihi harmonious hōʻeuʻeu apo. E like me ka poe akamai, keia mea i ka lei loa kahiko.

"Ma lalo o berry" - ua kokoke mai ka palaki manoanoa. Ma waho aʻeo ia "lāʻau lapaʻau" ua mua ka pukaʻana lau a me nā hua. Stylized kanu ano a me ka hoʻohui. I kekahi, a me ka ia "kumu" hiki ke ike a me ka camomile a me ka meli'ōhelo papa lau.

Pena "ma ka lāʻau" paipai harping ma ka kekahi geometric ÿano (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO he rhombus). Me ke kii hiki mai alive "nalu" ma ka aoao a me ka naauao ma ka lā i loko o ka waena.

Ma ka hana "ma lalo o kāʻei kua" Floral sequentially e holo ana contour, a laila, i ka i koe noa kāʻei kua i nā pōpō,ʻAmelika,ʻeleʻele.

Aie i ka mea kū hoʻokahi o kēlā me kēia haku palaki mea kū hoʻokahi a me ka hanana hohloma. Ano o ka pena, ua kūkā mai mākou ma luna, 'ē aʻe ma luna o ka mea, i maliuia mai hoi e nana zolotitogo lokahi, ulaula a me ka eleele waihoʻoluʻu.

Gzhel. Search lepo no ka porcelain

Gzhel Art i ke akamai o ka pena i hanau ma ka mea manawa Ramenskoye Apana o Moscow māhele. Old lā kēia mau wahi i kapaia Gzhel ke kulanakauhale, a me ka wahi o ka kauhale e hoomaino Bohteevo, Volodya, Gzhel, Kuzyaeva, Novoharitonovo, Turygin.

Up a ka XVII kenekulia i nā mahiʻai i lawe mai kŘpa a primitive lepo glazed Pottery. Ke kahua Ua loli ma muli i ka hanalima kūpono 'ana o kūloko clays pono no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o porcelain. Ka wahi ho omaka i ka manao paa o Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich loaʻa "he palolo kekahi pono" no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau moku - i ka 1663.

Ka hoao ana i ka pomaikai, a me 1710 mea kaʻawili lāʻau mea kanaka 'aneʻi hoʻomaka e hoʻohana maka mea. Pharmacists hoʻoleʻa i ka mea e like ai o ka lepo, a ua hiki mai ka manawa ia mea, e pili industrialists. Ka mea, ua hoihoi i ka maka mea kupono no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o porcelain. By kauoha o ke alii i ka makahiki 1844, kau aku i kekahi Komisina, i ka loaʻa o ka mea nana o ka porcelain hola ma Moscow Athanasius Grebenshchikov Porcelain Manufactory a me ka lunaʻenehana Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, ua loaa gornoinzhenernoe hoʻonaʻauao ma ke kula nui o Marburg. Five makahiki e kali ana no ka lepo akau. I ka makahiki 1849, ma hope o nā malama he ewalu o ka noiʻi i koʻu mau lepo, o ka a hua mai la i maikai loa porcelain. Kā lākou mea e like ai hoonani aku ia ia iho M. V. Lomonosov, classmate Vinogradov.

Gzhel. ulu o? iecaianoaaiiuo

Industrialist Grebenshchikov ka hoʻomaka 'ana me ka hoʻohana' maka i nā mea i loaʻa i loko o kona Moscow mea kanu. Naʻe, ka mea akamai kanaka, mai ke kauhale mai o Gzhel a me kona puni kauhale, ma ke ala, e like me mākou i oleloia, ua loaʻa iā ia nā mākau i o Pottery, ua hoʻomaopopo pū i ka pomaikai ma ka hana o ka oi kiʻekiʻe-e like ai i ka lepo.

Ua hele aku la briskly like i loko o nā kauhale i noho maikaʻi ke aʻoaʻo, -? Iecaianoaaiiuo ka poe e hana mai i ka mea kanu A. Grebenshchikov. Ma waena o 1750 a me ka 1820 i ka haku-poe paahana i majolica - oblong-Kvasnikov ipu, papa, na kiaha, mau kiaha. Ornamental pena i hanaia ma ka uliuli, he lenalena, uliuli a me ka aubergine HW ma luna o ke keʻokeʻo mau kaʻao. Image nā manu - i loko o ka-oaio? A, a puni ia - laau, laau uuku, ka hale. (Ie primitive? Ueo i hōʻike ai penaʻoihana a). Tableware i koi. Aia i kekahi mea e like ai Competition. Mākou e alakai i ka mua Pottery nā hale hana i hana kiʻekiʻe kbps polufayans'ālike "haole" mau kiaha.

Akamai Hone no 80 makahiki, a mai 1820 i kokoke i ka Gzhel poe paahana paka polufayans. 'O kēia ka heyday o ka oe Gzhel. Products o nā haku hiki ke ike i loko o ka leʻaleʻaʻeleʻele. Kēia tableware Ua noʻonoʻo i ka mea maikaʻi i loko o Rusia a me nainaryadneyshey. Typical pena Gzhel teapots, bola, papa piha nā hale o ka poʻe kālepa a me nā aliʻi, Hawaii. Hou ano o ka pena. Gzhel kuai a pau ma luna o ka'āina, mai luna'ānela a hiki i Astrakhan, waiwai hoʻolilo i Central Asia, a me ka Middle East. ? Iecaianoaaiiuo ua i kahi o kanakolu nā hale hana. Hana i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie Gzhel Manufacturers: Barmina, Gusliny, Gusyatnikova, Kiseleva, Terekhova, Sazonov.

Eia naʻe, mai 1860 aia mea he emi Gzhel pena. Folk no, hanau o ka Competition o ka haneri o ka poe liilii, a me nā hoʻohua he kakini meakino ua hoʻoneʻe pragmatism o ka nui monopolies. Mawaena o ka monopoly ku MS Kuznetsov, a me kona mea kanu elima, a me ka makahiki? Iecaianoaaiiie auoiaea o 2.1 mln. Hamo i. ? Iecaianoaaiiuo nona iho no ka i koe 14% o Kuznetsovsky. Ikaika olelo ana, o ka Hookah Kuznetsov, a "ua kuʻi ia" hana. Hana Party Competition, ua hoʻemi ways, ua hoʻemi quality, hele mai la ke hoole mai oia.

Like Artists pena Gzhel

Gzhel mea kū hoʻokahi i loko o ia kēlā me kēia haku, ka hoʻohana panina ano o oe no kona pena, hana i kona mau kanaka 'ana i kūpono.

He He maalea nō. O ka hana poʻo kumu a mea ua pâʻani 'o ia ma ka ike ana o ka haku, a ua hoikeia mai ma ke ala o ka palaki. I ka Ia manawa ma luna o ka snowy keʻokeʻo porcelain huli harmonious ano loli mai ka uliuli i, pili uliuli blurry. A pau i kēia kokoke mai he hookahi HW - cobalt. Ke Kii ua pili i ka luna, "ka mua manawa", e hoʻokēʻai ai.

No ke aha la ka mea nui ke akamai o ka artist? Initially, ka mea maoliʻano kiʻi hiki ole ke ike (oi cobalt). A pau manao monochrome kiʻi, a me ka wā wale gzhel paʻa pūlehu lākou i loko o ka umu, ka unuhi, e hōʻike i ka piha.

He aha ka ka haku mele Gzheli? Ke kikowaena kūlana i loko o ka mea nui epa me ka meaʻai pua. Ma kaʻaoʻao o ka mea e harmoniously izvivisty "lāʻau lapaʻau" storyline, waiwai lau a me nā hua. Ua hana ia i loko o kēia unuhi i ulana animalistic Halaman, a pili i ka maʻamau o ke ola (e like ma ka hale).

Likeʻaneʻane huli keia aka? Ano no ka noʻeau pena "ua holo pololei mai ka mua" Gzheli hoemiʻaneʻane i ka palapala noi haukaʻe i ki ina hana like. Heʻehā wale nō: haukaʻe i na pulima oʻu malu, a pena kekahi palaki kumu "Sitchikov", e like me hoʻokō i ke kiʻi.

Haukaʻe i aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'wehewehe aku Ia Oe kala huahelu ku i ka superposition o kekahi pinepine' ma ka cobalt kūikawā reversal palaki artist.

Pena a me kekahi lima wehewehe aku ma ka mea i kēlā me kēia ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi mapuna leo mea okoa mai ka mua kekahi. Ka nui o kaʻai i nā emi, ka mea, e "māmā".

Kumu "Sitchikov" - ka loa nä meaʻai. He kokoke mai i ka olelo palaki kōkua.

Hoʻohana 'ia GZHEL ano o ka pena kii i ole kekahi kiʻi replication o maoli motifs, a reinterpreted, a ua hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o ka unexpected hoʻonohonohoʻia. Images Artists reinterpreted uliuli lau, petals uliuli Hilo Hanakahi, asters, ponimō'ī, Roses hahai i nā contours o ka manu a me na holoholona. I kekahi manawa ka mea, outline stylized maʻamau o nä mea a me nä mea like (no ka mea hoike, na kauwa 'pupupu).

"Lāʻau lapaʻau" mea manuahi type kiʻi - tendrilsʻoni iho oihana mua shading, okoaʻo Kūhiō, geometric koena ai - e completeness kiʻi, e ho okumu i ka mea makau kuhohonu ana.

Hanana Polkhovsky-Maidansky pena

Like Russian hoolaʻi pena. Ano o ia i loko o nā mea a pau kā lākou 'ano, paha, hiki ke ho'ākāka' ia ma ka hana kūikawā monographs, akā,ʻaʻole i loko o ka pauku. Nolaila, i ko kakou hana Ua oi uku. Mākou i kapa mua i ka loa "untwisted" ke ano o na pena: Khokhloma a me Gzhel. Eia naʻe, eia kekahi, ka mea i pau mua, a ua nui loa lakou. E mākou e hōʻike 'ia kekahi: Boretsky Gorodetsky, Mezen, Onega, permogorskaya, pizhemskaya, Polkhovsky-Maidanskaya, puchuzhskaya, rakulskaya etc. 'Aʻole i hiki ia i loko o kēia' atikala i mea e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā mea a pau o lakou, i ke ano o ka wale i kekahi o ia mau mea - Polkhovsky-Maidansky.

Kēia pena originated ma ke kakahiaka nui XX kenekulia i loko o ka Apana pii ana o Nizhny Novgorod māhele. Eia ma na kauhale Polkhovsky Maidan, a ma ke kauhale Voznesenskoe ma ka pau 'ana o ke kenekulia XVIII ua he huli lawaiʻa mōneka o Sarov hoailona. Lathe aʻo i ka maalea a me ka mahiʻai, e lilo i mākaukau poe paahana ma ka hana o ka laau ipu. Kupua ua i hua mai, e like me ka mea, i mai la, "tararushki", oa huahana no ka leʻaleʻa: .. pio aku, Fish, dolls, Easter hua paha, toys.

Ke impetus no ka hanaia'na o ka pena i ka 'āpana o ke kua'āina Polinym Pavlom Nikitichem i hoʻomākaukauʻia vizhiganiya, a me ka mai 1926, hoala ae lakou iʻike hoʻokumu o kauwa, alakai ia lakou i ka pena i ka mea kāhinu, nā huahana, a ma ka makahiki 1933 i UAIAaIN ka mea, ma ka aniline make.

Ma hope o ka hana polhovtsev aponoia Zagorci, merinovtsy, Semyonov, hou ano i hana matryoshka pena (keia theme like, e hoopa mākou ma luna o hope).

Technology Polkhovsky Maydanskaya-mika pena

Initially, o ka ili o ka laau 'atikala ua malalo i sanding a priming pia kāpili ma luna. A laila, i ka waihoia contour unuhi i ka inika, i kau ai pena hanaia. E hana i kēia, hana HW i ka eha waihoʻoluʻu: ulaula, he lenalena, omaomao a me ka uliuli. A laila, e hoʻokō "ka makemakeʻana" ano kakou kamailio anaʻanuʻu Polkhovsky Maydanskaya-mika, iloko olaila ma ka unuhi hahau contourʻeleʻele. Mākou hui i kēiaʻano o ka pena paipai ia kekahi papa hana i overprinting.

Kēiaʻano o ka no kekahi hoʻohana he kūikawāʻano hana o ka huakai kaapuni a-noa pena.

Mākou i olelo ia i kēia 'ano o ka pena mea ole accidental. He kupu i loko o ka USSR a na 90s, kauoha aupuni. Ma pii ana holaʻelima haneri kanaka hana. O kēia mau mea, 40% - na Artists pū i loko o ka pena, ē aʻe - turners. I ka lapaau ana no Turtle, makakū keʻena hoʻokolohua hana i loko o ka hola. Products hoʻolilo i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a meʻEulopa. I kēia lā, hola ka moolelo waiho hoʻomōhala nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā.

Ke aliiwahine hanohano matryoshka

'Aʻole mau evolutionarily evolved Lūkini pena. Ano ka mea, i kekahi manawa, ai palaka - ole mai o ka "manawa mau loa aku". Ka mea, i ua loaʻa ma ka hoʻomālamalama o ka hookahi ana 'Lūkini haku. Ua hanaʻia me ka matryoshka. Ua - i primordially Lūkini hana mea hou i hana muaʻole.

Matryoshka iʻikeʻia i loko o Rusia ma ka XIX kenekulia ma Sergiev Posad. I ka wahine o ka artist Sergei Vasilievich Malyutin i ka 1898 i lawe mai ai, mai Japan huahelu Fukurumu elemakule ke kanaka, ka mea i ke kālele 'ana i ka eha huahelu (ma ke ala, e like me Japanese kaao, o ka mua ua huahelu i Lūkini mōneka). Sergey reinterpreted "ma Lūkini," i kona manaʻo. Aia i kekahi,''he manaʻo - e simulate i typical Lūkini ohana. Name Matrona i laila, mahalo ma Rusia. Eia hou, e like me aʻu i manao Milutin, ia resonated me ka Roma ohana inoa o ka makuwahine.

Sergey i ka unuhi aku la ia i na kii a me ewalu mea pākuʻi. I ka wahine ma muli o kāna kaikamahine me ka moa lawa, a laila - he keiki kāne, a laila - hou i ke kaikamahine, i ka walu o ka huahelu ua he keiki. Wood turner lākou helehelena mīkini penei: i Zvezdochkin. Pena huahelu oia Sergei Vasilievich.

? Iecaianoaaiiuo o dolls. 'ano o ka pena

World kaulana dolls, kona iaia o ke ao nei, pili i ka 1900, ka wā "hele mai" ia - i ka World Exhibition ma Palika.

Hiki hoolaʻi oe matryoshka kekahi? Ua i ka 1899 o ka holoʻokoʻa Sergiev Posad ka hana hou onaona dolls: kaikamahine a me nā wāhine, a heʻehu, i loko o nā pālule, a me na pale, a headscarves a me sundresses me ka hīnaʻi, Style, manu, pua. Zagorski kaila (e like me kaʻike, Sergiev Posad i Kapa hou i ke Zagorsk) oko ao nani loa, noonoo ana i ka poe liilii, lāliʻi.

Mai ka 1922 aiacayueony dolls ua hoʻomaka 'ana no hoi i ka paka i loko o ke kauhale Merinova i loko o ka Nizhny Novgorod māhele' āina. Ke kūloko turner Mayorov F. kūʻai Seregio matryoshka, mīkini penei: "kā lākou". He pena i nā kiʻi o kona kaikamahine. Merinovtsy koke E ke Kumu i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kēia mau luna 'huahelu. Merinovskaya matryoshka - 'aloʻahia alohilohi, nae me ka emi au mamuli o Zagorskaya.

Ekolu "e waiho ana o dolls" ua Polkhovsky Maidan kauhale, kaulana a me ka turners, a me ka pena. Polkhovsky matryoshka i kona mau 'ano:

- fleeting, liʻiliʻi hahau ana i kākauʻia e ke kanaka;

- wahi i ka hainaka kinona a me ka laina sundress (kapa), mai ke kua i 2/3 matryoshka pena ulaula (ulaula) paha omaomao. Waihoʻoluʻu Akä naÿe no nä hainaka me ia. Ma ka lae aiacayueony dolls pena i ka līlia-spruce grouse. I koho'Epane - mai ka ai a hiki i ka honua. Pena'Epane Hoʻohui ' "i loko o ka'ololaha." Ma ka hapalua like - e hoike aku i ka pua rose lala, lau, hua. Ka haku mele 'ana ua complemented daisies, a hoʻopoina-iaʻu.

Ka loa paʻakikī i loko o ka hana o Vyatka matryoshka manaoio ana i nā paahana inlay holehole mai ai.

ka hopena

Russian nō pena like me ka ano o Nani Loa nō ka nānā 'ana ma luna o hohonu hoolaʻi kauoha, ma ka nui o kaʻike o nā mea ma ka'āina, ka' ohana i kekahi. Ua Ua pili me kenekulia o ke ola o ko kākou mau kūpuna, no laila, pena 'ikamu lawe ia ka mehana, manaʻo kanaka, makakū e pili ana i ke ola. Lakou maoli decorate i ke ola ana o ke kālā no ke kanaka, ka mea, eia ka "anonymity," na oihana mua o ka mea hoʻonani o ka makahiki e ola ana i i.

Art pena kekahi i kekahi makau kuhohonu ana i loko o ko makou mau ola, ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i ka ka hoʻomauʻana o ka Motherland, e pili ana i ke ao kanaka hana o kela kanaka - e e ola maikai a puni ia.