Arabat pā kaua: i ka hōʻike a me ka Hawaii photo. Pehea e kiʻi ai i ka pā?

No na tausani o ka makahiki i ka Crimean Peninsula i ka loa o ka puali kaua ma waena o nāʻano Hawaii. I mea e hooikaika ai i kona wahi i loko o keia strategically nui kihi o ka Honua kanaka i na pakaua, he nui no a i ola a hiki i kēia lā.

I kēia mau lā i loko o ka Crimea, iauaeoia oo? Ecia e makaikai i ka Genoese, Byzantine a me ka Roma Susana. I malamaia Turkish pakaua. Iwaena o lakou i kūikawā wahi ua ku e Arabat hūlili.

Ke kū hoʻokahi o kēia kūlana pale 'ole ma muli o ia ka mea i ka mea, ua aia ma waena o ke kai o Azov a Sivash ma kekahi wahi paiki loloa o ka aina, a no ia mea, i ka manawa reliably mālama i ka Peninsula e ku e ho'āhewa wale, mai ke kūkulu'ākau mai.

inoa

E like me kekahi noiʻi, i ka hua'ōlelo "Arabat" mea o Turkic kumu, a 'o ia hoʻi "suburb" a literally - ". I kekahi mea hoonohonoho i ke alo" Aia ka hoi speculation i ka inoa o keia hele mai ana, mai ka Apapika 'ōlelo, a' o ia hoʻi "e hooikaika ana". Ma kekahi hihia, i ka ikaika Arabat pakaua, i i hoʻopuniʻia e ka pā kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hohonu moat, haawi mai la i ka inoa o ka Geographic wahi - he nani a me ka lōʻihi one kuha e hoʻokaʻawale i ka Azov kai, mai ke awawa o Siwash.

I ka moolelo o ka Susana, a hiki i ka Crimea ia Rusia

Ike loea 'ike e pili ana i ka wā i hoʻokumu Arabat pakaua, i ole ola. Naʻe, ka mea mua i kākau olelo ai o Iosepa i ka Susana, ma ka AK-Monayskogo isthmus i loko o ka puke "Description o Ukraine" i kākauʻia e Farani H. Boplan pili i ka 1651, nolaila, loa paha, i kukulu ia i ka puʻukaua i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia. Malamaia i kākau i kekahi kaulana Turkish hele Evliya Çelebi, ka mea, i kona hele ana i loko o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, kipa i ka Crimea, a Arabat i ho'ākāka 'ia e like me ka "nui a me ka ikaika pohaku hale kiaʻi o ka poepoe palapala," lawelawe' ana e mālama i ka Peninsula, mai ka Kalmyks a me ka Cossacks. He maka mai me ka hoʻokumu o ka Susana Mehmed Giray Khan, apparently Ua haawiia i ke keiki a ke alii o Saadet Crimea.

I ka pakaua, a me ka Cossacks

Turkish Susana ka pale 'ana i ka Crimea, mai ka hikina ńkau, noho lōʻihi inaccessible. I ka 1668 Cossacks ma lalo o ke kauoha o Koshevoy Ivan Horn, makani ino mai ai i ka pakaua, a pepehi iho la kona pā kaua. Mai ke kumu o ka hana ua Cossack me ka makaʻu no o Tureke, aole lakou e i lilo trapped i loko o ka Susana, i ka hoihoi hou Ottoman.

Ka lua o ka manawa, o ka Cossacks Arabat pā kaua haʻalele i ka 1737, ka wā o ka regiment Onesimo Bilogo ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke kulu ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai ku i ka makani eviction, neʻe Siwash, a hoopio iho la ia puʻukaua. Oka a me keia manawa ua i hope: koke i kipakuia mai o ka Susana ka Cossacks, a me ke kiʻi hoʻi i nā Kauai.

haule Arabat

Eia hoi, ua lanakila i ka pakaua ma Lūkini lehulehu ma lalo o ka noho luna ana o V. M. Dolgorukova, ma hope a ma laila i mālama i ka oihana koa. pâʻani 'o He mau manamana nui i loko o ka Crimean War,ʻaʻole i hiki i ka Ally awa a me ka hopu ana o Arabat i kuha wale aku, a makemake e alakai ai i ka encirclement o ka Lūkini hao wale.

I ka 1860 i ka pā lilo kona KUMUMANAʻO NUI mea nui, a hoomaka ae la e deteriorate. Eia hou, nā kupa o kokoke kauhale hoomaka ae la e dismantle i ka paia, a hoʻohana i ka pohaku, mai kā lākou masonry no ke kūkuluʻana o ko lākou mau wahi i noho ai. Mai ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka Susana,ʻaneʻane hana no laila, i ka manawa ia mea i loko o ka nani kaumaha moku'āina.

Arabat pā kaua: hōʻikeʻano

Susana, Ua papahana e Turkish nā kānakaʻenehana i kulike ai me na rula a pau o ka kūkulu o ka pakaua o ka wā. Nā kiʻi pio ma ka ukali, a hiki ma ka dilapidated palapala, ia maopopo kohu he nui pentagon.

Arabatskaya Susana, i hoomaluia e ka moat piha i ka wai a pau loa, mai ke kai o Azov. Mai ka pā i ua excavated tunnels, hiki i ka Kauai i loko o ka hanana o ka pua mai ke kai malie kiʻi i ke kai i ka po, a me ka hoouka ma kaʻenemi moku. Loko Ua hoʻonohonoho i ka luawai - he puka kahi i ka poe paahao i mālama, a i manao ia e malaila, oiai ma hope o ia e ole e uku i ka uku pānaʻi.

Arabat pā kaua, he mau komo, a ua māheleʻia aʻela me ka pū kani ahi loopholes, a i ua hoʻonohonoho ai i ka Susana, ke pale aku, mai kekahi mauʻaoʻao ka poʻe i loko o 5 bastions.

Hawaii moku'āina

Ua nui iauaeoia oo? Ecia pela e hele mai i ka Crimea e ike, ua nui na kia hoʻomanaʻo i ke kaua. Arabat pā kaua nei kekahi o ia mau mea.

Ma ka manawa, mai ka manawa hookahi formidable bastion ka mea, ua wale he hapa uuku wale no. O nā koena o ka ikaika paia me loopholes a me ka e komo ai e pio mai ma kaʻaoʻao hema. No noteworthy kumu, a ma kekahi mau wahi ea i ke kiekie o ka 7-8 mika. ʻO kēia e nānā ana i ka pā, he okoa na mea i loko o ka manawa o Turkish rula, e like me ia ma ka lā i kakahiaka nui o ka Crimean War, Hailuku aku la lakou limestone pōhaku. Kokoke i ka pā i malamaia kekahi mau Kelemānia bunkers koe ma mai o ka pōkole-noho hana ana o ka wahi iloko o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua.

kaao ana

Ka pā kaua ma luna o ka Arabat kuha no ka oi ma mua o 150 makahiki o ka wahi e pili ana. Ma keia wahi, na na kamaaina i ka hailona o ke kaao. No ka kumu, e olelo aku ia ma mua o ka HoʻokahuliʻOiʻenehana i ka paakai mines, Aia hiki mai ana i na mea hina, he kanaka opiopio hana like Memet. He makemake e hoola i ke kālā no ka ahaaina mare mai, pela no ia i hana tirelessly. Soon, ke kanaka'ōpiopio nei i seriously ka maʻi. He noi i ka mea nāna e uku pono hoʻolimalima i kā lākou kālā, a hele aku i ka hale. He hoole a koi ia Mehmet hana mau i ka hana, a hiki i ka hopena o ka manawa no i ka mea i hoolimalimaia. Koke hiki irreparable, a make iho la i ke kanaka'ōpiopio. A laila, ma luna o kona hē kupapaʻu paha, Aia hiki mai ana ma ka paia o ka pakaua, hoomaka ae la i ka paakai, e hele mai kakou, ua like no me ka palapala ma Apapika. E like me ka na kamaaina e olelo aku nei, no laila, ua poino Memet imi e lawe i ka noho i ko lakou inaina i kaʻino hopena, a hoino aku i ka haku ino.

Hoʻonānea ma ka Arabat kuha

KŘpa nei, hoomaka ae la i kēia mau wahi e,ʻo kahakai ipo, oi loa no ka mea, o ka mea Susana paia o ke kai kīnā i ka hohonu o ka 2 m + i ka mamao o ka 100 mika, mai ke kai wale. Manawa a hiki i kēia, i ka wai hoʻomehana i koke - ka mahana e holo nō ia, 30 degere. Eia hou, i ka lewa ma luna o ka Arabat i kuha wale aku kekahi i ka paʻa o ka iodine a me ka bromine, nolaila, ua loa pono na keiki a me ka poe e loaa ana mai ka akemāmā maʻi.

'Aʻole no laila, lōʻihi aku nei ma Arabatke i ike hoki mea pōhaku wai, a kōkua ma ka iapaau ana o ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana kāna hana a kela iwi a me ka olelo pilikia. Nō hoʻi, ma laila nō nunui me ke koe o ka paakai brine a me ka mud.

Arabat kuha pono no ka lawaiʻa hui, no ka mea, malaila oe e hopu i ka flounder,ʻamaʻama, pelengasa a me nā keiki bipi. I loaʻa i loko o ke kai o Azov a me shrimp.

Arabat pā kaua: pehea e kiʻi

Ke Leeuwerikplein wahi o ka Susana, ua wehewehe aku ma na wahi 45 ° 17 '44 38 'akau ka latitu a me 35 ° 28 '41 83' hikina me longitude.

By kaʻa hiki ke hiki aku ma ka interstate alaloa Moscow - Simferopol. Ka mea, e loulou iho e pivot ma Henichesk, laila huli ma ka laʻau kuhikuhi a me ka hoʻomau 'e hoohauhee ana i ke kinoea ku (20 ei, mai ka pivot). Mai laila, e pono e hoomau aku i ke kai, a laila, e hele pololei i ka pakaua. E kiʻi i ka Arabatke hiki, a ma luna o ka huakaʻi, a penei i Genichesk, Arabat i kuha wale aku paha Novoalekseevka. I kekahi o kēia mau wahi, e hiki ke lawe i kekahi kaʻa'ōhua a e lawe i ka pā kaua.

Ano, ia oe i ka mea kupaianaha Arabat pakaua ma Crimea, e like me ka hanana i lawe wahi i loko o keia Susana no kenekulia.