Biocoenosis - he lākou o interrelated ola meaola

Biocoenosis - He Hawaiʻi nei pūʻulu mea kanu, holoholona, a me nā fungi microorganisms e noho ma kekahi wahi (aina kuleana ole ka wai). Biocenoses i hanaʻia kekahi ma ka lakou iho a ma lalo o ka aoao o ke kanaka.

Biocenosis, e like me ka manawa? Aaei Karl Mobius ma ka 19th kenekulia. Ke ola ana o ka biocenosis hiki ke nānā 'ia e nā liluwelo a me ka physical Geographic hiʻona. Haku mele, me nā hale,? Aneeo kaiāulu, kona hana ana hilinaʻi nui ma luna o keʻano o nā kumumea, HEN, mai aniau a pau me ka haku mele 'ana o ka lepo. Ma kekahi mau wahi haku mele 'ana a me nā' ano 'okoʻa biocenosis.

Kekahi biocenosis - he huihui 'ana o nā mea hoʻohui maoli i i kekahi haku mele' ana. No laila, e ka olelo, biocenose rainforest loa okoa, mai ka wao nahele, e ia,ʻo ia hoʻi, Ua nui oi nui aku i loko o ka wao nahele o ka helu o ka laha 'o Tropical? Aneeo kaiāulu. I ka ho okumu ana o ka haku mele '? Ueo o biocenosis i kekahi' ole ma ka mōʻaukala aʻe. No ka laʻana, mua ka noho 'ana i ka nui o ka laha' ma mua o ka mea opiopio.

Layering (māhele 'ole biocenosis) - he vertical hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha phytocenosis ma ka lola honua a me ka ili honua wahi. 'Ole biocenosis ka honua ke keʻena a me ka lola honua. A pau tiers o ka? Aneeo kaiāulu wehewehe aku ma kekahi hiʻona:.? Aneie, Floral, morphological, a no laila, ma luna o D. ka longline ua pono hoikeia i loko o ka ululaau, ma kahi e ua poe e:

• laau, ahu iho;
• laau uuku;
• laau uuku-mauu;
• pae o mosses a me lichens.

Ma ka helu o nā biocenoses tiers i:

• poe noonoo ole;
• eiiieaena.

Biocoenosis - mea he luna 'o ka meaola e noho ana, ma ka a he mea paakiki i pili ai, i kapa trophic a me ka ai. Ma muli o ia mau mea, hana i ka mana lako huakai kaapuni. Trophic? Aneeo kaiāulu 'ole kuhi i keʻano o kaʻai nā loulou i loko o ia mau hihia a pau, kahi a nā meaola o ka laha' hanaiia e ke kino o kekahi? Ueo a me kā lākou metabolic huahana. i kapaia kauoha aʻauhau'ēʻaʻe ua pili 'o Randy. Hike paa ana i hanaʻia ma muli o ia i ke kino o ka omo o kekahi ano o kekahi elele. ʻauhau'ēʻaʻe pili 'o Randy i hanaʻia e like me ka hopena o ka Competition meaola mauʻano o kaʻai.

Biocoenosis - mea lolilua 'ole. Ua hiki undergo lōʻihi-makahiki loli ma kekahi ala e, i alakai i ka reorganization o kona mau symptoms, a ua hiki no hoi i ka hakahaka o kekahi no kekahi biocenosis. Kēia kaʻina ua kapaia succession. Successions i maheleia i iniiaiie a me nā haumāna. N successions ai ka haohao ana i ka wahi i na kanaka] ma mua kekahi biocoenosis. Secondary successions E kū aʻeʻoe i loko o kahi o ke koa wiwoʻole a me ka luku iho la ia biocenoses. I ka hope loa kahua o ke ola phytocenosis kapa menopause. Successions hiki ke subdivided i loko o ka kēia mau 'ano:

• syngenesis (loli kauoha ae like me ka hualoaʻa vzaimovozdestviya mea kanu);
• endoekogenez (hoʻololi i ka nui maoli no o ka phytocenosis);
• ekzoekogenez (loli, kena ae la ma ka hana o ka mawaho? aneie aʻe no ka phytocenosis).

ʻIkepiliʻAno ma ka huli e māheleʻia i loko o:

• climatogenic;
• edafogennye;
• zoogenic;
• anthropogenic.

hiki e hoemi paha i alakaʻi ai suksessy ka pilina paʻa phytocoenosis i hanaia paha, conversely, e regress.

Ke Hoʻohaku aʻe o ka papa i ke kumu ma ka huikala cii ma ka puunaue ana i Ambient ana wela a me ka nui o ke kimu. Me ka hoʻoulu mamao mai ka equator he mea he loli o maoli cii. Loko o nā wahi maoli he mau waiwai, i kapaia extrazonal a me ka intrazonal, a i paa ma ka aoao o ka 'äina, hydrological hiʻona a me nā aʻe.

Kekahi kākau koi aku i ka mea i waena o ka mea kanu pūʻulu ka mea, he akaka mokuna o lākou. Akā, ua koe mai he pokole i ka mea kanu i ka kekahi ka hoʻomauʻana.