Boldino: Ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Pushkin a me ka waiwai o ka'ohana

'O ka'āina'o Bolshoe Boldino i ka'āina'o Nizhny Novgorod, ua'ike'ia'o ia ka waiwai o ka'ohana ali'i'o Pushkin. Ma kēia wahi'o Alexander Pushkin i ho'ohana i nā mahina huahua. I kēia lā, aia kahi hale hō'ike'ike i ho'ola'a'ia no ka ola o ka mea kākau.

'O ka nui o ke kauhale'o Boldino no Pushkin

Ua ho'ololi'ia'o Big Boldino i ka waiwai o Pushkin i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 16. Ua loa'a ke kūlanakauhale iā Eustace Mikhailovich, he luna kākā'ōlelo ko'iko'i a he kia'āina o ka wā o Ivan, ka weliweli. Ua lilo ka waiwai i lilo'ana i pūnana'ohana. I ka wā o Alexander Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, ua māhele'ia ma waena o kona makua kāne a me kona makuakāne.

'A'ole i noho kahi poeteni a me ka mea kākau ma kahi. Ua piha kona ola a pau i nā helehelena like'ole. Ua kipa aku'o ia i kahi waiwai'āina. Ua hana'ekolu'ia kēia: ma ka makahiki 1830, 1833 a me 1834. I loko o nā wā o ka hana ho'olālā'ana, ua'imi ka mea kākau i "nā wahi kūpono" - kahi e hiki ai ke ho'olilo iā ia iho i kāna hana punahele, me ka'ole e ho'opilikia'ia e ka mea lapuwale nui. 'O Boldino kēlā. Ua hō'ike'ia ka hale ki'i Pushkin ma'ane'i no kekahi kumu. Ma loko nō o ka waiwai o ka'ohana a Alexander Sergeyevich i ho'opau ai i ka lālā hua nui loa o ka makahiki 1830. 'O ka nui o ka waiwai i hā'awi'ia e nā mea kākau mo'olelo i kēia manawa he inoa ka'awale. Kekahi mau mahina o Pushkin ma ka Nizhny Novgorod māhele i kapa ia ka "Boldin Akuma ka". I kēia manawa, ho'ohana'ia kēia hua'ōlelo i kēia lā e like me ka'ēheu'ēheu, makemake e hō'ike i kahi manawa nui o ka hana'ana o kekahi mea kākau'ē a'e.

'O ke kāohi hope o ka mea kākau. Ho'onohonoho'ia ka Hale Hō'ike'ike

'O nā kūlana, no ka mea ua lilo'o Pushkin i mea lō'ihi ma Boldino, he mea nui. I ka hā'ule o 1830, aia'o ia ma'ane'i,'a'ole e noho lō'ihi. Eia na'e, i ka manawa ho'okahi, ua ho'omaka'ia ka ma'i cholera i Rusia. I'ole e pālahalaha a'e ka ma'i, ua'ae ke aupuni i nā kānaka noho e ha'alele i ko lākou mau wahi pono'ī. Ua ho'okomo'ia ka haunina, a ua ho'opili pū i ka mea kākau.

'O Alexander Sergeevich i noho ma Boldino. Hā'awi'ia ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Pushkin ma ke kauhale i kona ola ma ke kauhale kau. Ua'ike'ia ka hanana mo'omeheu i ka makahiki 1949, i ka manawa i ho'opuka'ia ai ka'ōlelo kūlike o ka moku'āina. Ua ho'olilo'ia ka waiwai i waiwai waiwai ma hope o ka ho'okahuli'ia o ka makahiki 1917 i Rusia. A laila ua lilo nā ali'i hanohano a pau i ka lāhui. 'O ka hopena ma'amau ho'okahi i pili iā Boldino. Aia ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Pushkin ma kahi hale manā mua. Eia ke ola o ke kenekulia XIX i kope pololei'ia e like me ka hiki. Ho'opau'ia kēia mau mea i mea e hiki ai i ka po'e malihini ke hele, e'ike i nā kūlana a ka mea kākau i ho'ohala ai i nā lā nui nona iho.

Nā Kūlana o ke Kū'ana

Ma ka makahiki punahele o 1830, he mau mahina ma mua o ka hiki'ana o ka haku mele i Boldino, ho'olaha'ia ka mare'ana a Alexander Pushkin a me Natalia Goncharova. Ua mālama'ia ka'aha'aina i ka makahiki'au'au, akā'o'Aukake, ua make ka makuakāne o Vasily Lvovich. 'O ia ka mea nona ka waiwai i Boldino. Mamuli o ka makemake, ua kii aku o Alekanedero i kekahi o na kauhale. Ma muli o ka make'ana o kekahi hoahānau, ua ho'opau'ia ka hō'ailona.

Ua hele ka mo'opuna i Boldino. Aia ka Hale Hō'ike'ike o Pushkin i kēia lā i nā hō'ike i kūkala'ia i ka mo'aukala o ka mea kākau. Ua ho'onui'ia nā mea he nui mai kēlā hanauna i kēia hanauna.

Mana'o ka mea poetua e wikiwiki'o ia i nā pilikia a pau e pili ana i ka ho'oilina o ke kauhale. Ua mana'o'o ia e noho'o ia ma Boldino no ka manawa ho'okahi wale nō o ka malama. Ua huhū'o Pushkin i ka mālama'ana i nā mea pili i ka'ohana i ka wā'au'au, i ka manawa i wehe ai'o ia i ka hanu lua. Ua kaumaha ka mana'o o ka mea kākau i ka hakakā'ana me kona makuahōnōwai wahine. Ma ka lā o kona ha'alele'ana, i kekahi o kāna mau leka i kona makuahine,'o Natalia Goncharova i'ōlelo aku ua "ho'oku'u"'ia ka wahine male,'o ia ho'i, ua nīnau'o ia i ka male'ana o ka wā e hiki mai ana.

'O ka lono o ka ma'i cholera a me ka quarantine, i loa'a iā Pushkin i ka waiwai,'a'ole hiki iā ia ke ho'okipa iā ia. Ua'ike'ia ka hopohopo o ka mea kākau ma kekahi mau mele i kākau'ia i loko o ka hale pa'ahao ("Elegy", "Demon", a pēlā aku). Akā ho'i, ua ho'i hou ka maluhia o ka na'au iā Pushkin ma hope iho o kona loa'a'ana i ka leka hō'ailona mai kāna wahine mare.

Nā hana i kākau'ia ma Boldino. Pehea e hele ai i ka halehana'ike i kēia lā?

I Kepakemapa, ho'omaka ka mea kākau e haku me nā pū'ali hou. "Belkin's Tale", "Nānā Pā'ani" - ua kākau'ia kēia a pau i kēlā manawa. 'O nā loli hou i loko o ka noho kahiko e komo pū kekahi o nā kiko'ī o nā mea kākau. Kēlā me kēia makahiki, ka poe no ka mea i ka hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo nui - i ka nele hopuna'ōlelo, e hele i Boldin (Museum o Pushkin). Pehea e kiʻi ai i keia wahi? Aia nā ka'a no №43 a me №80 i ke kauhale. Ha'alele lākou mai ke ke'ena ka'a'o Moscow'o Nizhny Novgorod.

Aia'o Pushkin i ka waiwai me ka mea'ole i pili i ka honua i waho. No ka cholera, ua pāpā'ia ka leka. 'O ka noho ma'ema'e a me ka ho'oka'awale'ana i ke ola ma'amau ka mea i ho'okumu i ka mea kākau i ka loiloi i kona ola a pau, a me ka hana ho'ohālike. Hō'ike'ia kēia a pau ma kāna mau leka a me kāna mau mele, i kākau'ia ma Boldino (Pushkin Museum). Pehea e hele ai mai Moscow a hiki i kēia wahi i kēia lā? I Boldino hiki iā'oe ke hele ma laila ma ke kau'ana i ke ka'a holo ka'a holo'oko'a "Burevestnik", ka mea e ha'alele ana i ke ke'ena laina'aina'o Kursk.

Ke ola o ka hale hō'ike'ike

I loko o nā makahiki like'ole o kāna hana ua lilo ka hale hō'ike'ike i wahi no ka mālama'ana i nā hanana hanana. 'A'ole lākou a pau i pili pili i ka puke. Eia kekahi la'ana, ua ho'okumu'ia nā hō'ike'ike, nā ho'okūkū o ka honua a me ka'ahamele o ka hana mele a me nā hana opera ma'ane'i. Ho'oholo'ia kēia mau mea a pau e ka Hale Hō'ike'ike Pushkin ma Boldino. 'O ka papahana o ka halehana penei: ua wehe'ia nā puka no nā malihini i kēlā lā i kēia lā mai ka hola 10:00 a hiki i ka hola 17, koe ka lā Po'a.