Combinative variability a me kona evolutionary manaʻo nui

Combinative variability mea he kumu nui loa o intraspecific ka nohona o nā meaola e ola ana. Akā, i kēiaʻano a aaiaoe nā loliʻo wale i ke kahua o hou ana o kāna moʻolelo nei manawa. A aole loa combinative variability me kona maomeka e mai i ka helehelena o ka fundamentally okoa'ōewe ana. Ka muli o ka loa hou waiwai aie i ka mea okoa'ōewe likeʻole, hiki wale nō i loko o ka hihia o intraspecific mutational hou.

Combinative variability hoʻoholo ma ke ano o ka reproductive kaʻina. No kēiaʻano a aaiaoe nā loli ano helehelena o ka hou genotypes ma luna o ka muli o ka lānai hou i hana'ōewe pu malu ana. Combinative variability hoike mai ai ia ia iho ia i loko o ka pae o ka ho okumu ana o gametes (germ aeee). Eia hoʻi, i loko o kēlā mau aeea ua poe e hoʻokahi wale homologous chromosome mai kēlā me kēia mau. Wehewehe aku ma ka mea i na chromosomes hāʻule i loko o germ aeea randomly, hiki ia gametes i loko o kekahi meaola e oko ikaika lawa ma'ōewe huapalapala. Ia, aole ia e hōʻike i ka e kekahi loli ma ka Nine Inch ano o ka pololei lawe o hereditary 'ike.

Penei, combinative variability mea no a hiki i keʻano o ka recombination o nā'ōewe i ua makana i loko o ka chromosome huapalapala. Kēiaʻano o aaiaoe hoʻololi 'ua hoi ole conjugate me ka loli ma ka chromosome a me ka'ōewe hale. Sources combinative variability i e wale na keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka hana ana i ka hoemi mahele aeea (meiosis) a me ka fertilization.

Elementary (uuku) pa alima okoa recombinations hereditary mea, ma o na la ho okumu o hou'ōewe pu, i kapa RECON, Kēlā me kēia recon hoʻopili like i nā nucleotides (ka hale mea o ka nukeleaʻakika) i loko o ka waʻa-ili DNA nā lātoma a me hoʻokahi nucleotide, ka wā e hele mai ai i ka 'ole o ka hookahi-ili nukeleaʻakika nā mea hoʻomaʻi. Recon mea i divisible ka wā e holo ma (mail kaʻina hana ma waena o ka hui kaulua homologous chromosomes i conjugation), a ma na hihia a pau pū i hiki i ka piha.

Combinative variability ma eukaryotic keena ma ka ekolu aoao:

1. Aaiaoe recombination ma ke kaʻina hana o ka i kela kapa-ma, kahi o nā chromosomes i hanaʻia me ka hou ana o ka alleles.
2. Kuokoa kaulele lakou hoopuehu ana o chromosomes i anaphase o ka mua meiotic maheleʻanuʻu, a ma nā mea a pau gamete loaʻa iā lākou mau aaiaoe hiʻona.
3. ʻaʻahuʻoluʻolu akamai germ aeee i fertilization.

Penei, ma ka mea o kēia mau mea ekolu maomeka combinative variability kēlā me kēia halepaahao zygote i hanaʻia ma ke kuʻi nukeliu o gametes, loaʻa iā ia kekahi he pono hanana kau o aaiaoe 'ike. Ia ia ka hoʻololi 'ana hereditary wehewehe ka nui' ano i loko o? Ueo. Aaiaoe recombination mea loa nui no ka evolution o kekahi? Ueony, e like me ka mea ua hana ma lehulehuʻano o genotypes. Ua haawi kekahi heterogeneity o ka heluna kanaka. Keʻano o nā meaola, hāʻawi a me kona mau kanaka ano, e hoʻoholo i ka mea kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana o maoli koho, e haawi ana ia ia i ka manawa kūpono wale ka loa holomua pu ana o hereditary kāna moʻolelo, e haʻalele. Mahalo i ka incorporation o hou meaola i ka reproductive kaʻina, ke aaiaoe haku mele 'ana ua noke hou.