He aha ka realism, a me ka poe mea he Ouji?

Ma kālaiʻike, aia no he nui helu ana o kekahi mau ka neʻe 'ana a me nā kino. A pau o ia e koho i kekahi mau hua'ōlelo. People pinepine manaʻo lakou ia lakou iho e lilo i kekahi o ka loa e like me ka nenoai nānaina o ko ke ao nei, e kahea ana ia ia iho i ka pessimist, ka optimist, ke Ouji. Kēia mau hua'ōlelo noonoo i ka Outlook o ka kekahi kanaka, a me ka mea a pau pūʻulu. A ina na optimists a me pessimists a pau oi a emi ike, laila, i mea he Ouji?

Realism like me ka olelo o ke akeakamai a

No laila, i mea he Ouji? Mua, e ike makou ia ia i ka philosophical kau pili ia i kekahi kanaka i postulates ke ola ana o ke aupuni kūʻokoʻa heʻahahui mai ka aku o ka lanakila. Aia He He'ōlelo nane e wehewehe i ka pā like ana o ka manawa i loko o kā i ka luna ekolu nui honua manao. O ka mea e ÿike mai i ke aniani hapa-nele - he pessimist. O ka mea e ÿike mai i ke aniani hapa piha - optimist. Ouji - kekahi mea mea oi nui Contents o ke aniani.

Ekolu manawa ano

ʻO wai ka mea he Ouji? He He follower o ka kekahi philosophicalʻikena - realism. Aia i ekolu hiki naauao o ka la mahope.

1. Realism ua ike i ka au i loko o medieval kālaiʻike i kū'ē i ka conceptualism a me ka nominalism.
2. Ke kau pili ia i ka olelo ana o philosophical manaʻo i loko o ka hou manawa, a ua kue i ka idealism. Kēiaʻano o ka realism (epistemological) pili ana Pahuhopu ike nānā 'ole o ka manao, hilinaʻi a me nā kūlana maikaʻi o kēia kanaka, Koi ikaika ma luna o ka manaʻo e sensory ka hoao ana hiki i komo koke a me ka pololei i ka hoomaopopo ana o ke kumuhana o ka puni honua.
3. Hoikehonua, philosophies i maliu realism i kue i Anati-realism.

naʻaupō realism

Naʻaupō realism mea he wahi o Hawaii i ua kaʻana 'ia e ka hapanui kanaka me na ano. Ke kumu o manaʻo mea i ke kālā no 'epekema iienuaaaony ke ao loa. ʻO wai ka mea naʻaupō Ouji? Kēia mea he kanaka i perceives wale ua mau waeʻano i i kākoʻo 'ia e' epekema ike.

ʻepekema realism

Kēia subtype posits ka ia hoʻi e pili ana i ke ola ana o kekahi Pahuhopu oiaio. All scientific theories ka mea, hoʻokahi wale nō pahu hopu - i ka loaʻa o ka oiaio a me kaʻepekema holomua. Mai ka holomua ma kānakaʻepekema oluolu i ka kumumanaʻo o ka unconditionally oiaio, a laila ka mea, ua noʻonoʻo i ka mea i ponoʻole hōʻike aku o ka lanakila.

ontological realism

Keia subspecies ua manaoio aku no lakou i ka 'epekema theories i ho'ākāka' ia aku o ka lanakila, aole ia e hilinaʻi ma kaʻimi naʻauao nā mea mahuʻi, a ma ka manao o ke kumuhana. Ontological realism UOAAaOON e pane mai kekahi o nā nīnau: "? Aha i ka maoli o Mānoa,", "Ua ke ao nei i koe kū kaʻawale o ke kilo?"

epistemological realism

Kēia Outlook kuhi i kekahi scientific theories, a i ua hookupaa iho la ia e like me kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i wale approximations i ka oiaio. ʻO wai ka mea he Ouji me ka epistemological wahi o Hawaii? Oia ke kanaka i loko o kona Outlook a me ka pokole o ke ao nei e ho'āʻo ana i ka pane ana i ka ninau i loaʻa: ina paha he hiki e objectively ike oiaio o ka ike maopopo a me ke ao nei?

semantic realism

Kēiaʻano o ka mahaloia philosophical Hawaii paipai i ka kumumanaʻo o ka hoohalike ana i loko oʻoia iʻo like 'epekema Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo ka hōʻike wale nō ma luna o maoli nāʻoihana, a wehewehe aku o ka lanakila. ʻO wai ka mea o ka semantic Ouji? Kēia mea i ke kanaka nana i lawe i nā mea a pau scientific theories ae ho'āʻo ana e haawi aku i ka pono a me ka oiaio hōʻikeʻano o ka ike maopopo i nei kū kaʻawale no ka mea, kona perceiver. I ka oiaio no keia poe akeakamai - he palapala ma waena aku o ka lanakila a me ka'ōlelo o kona hōʻikeʻano. Ma kekahi, ua hoʻokokoke hiehie a pau ka papa kuhikuhi ekolu ano o ka honua Hawaii, ina ia paha he Ouji, pessimist a me ka optimist. Ua i kekahi wale i loko o ka auoiaea hope loa.