"Hero no Our Time": he (essay)-loulou. Ka puke "A Hero no Our Time" Lermontov

Mākou a pau i kākau ai i loko o kona wā kamaliʻi kula (essay) "Hero no Our Time" ma ka puke ma ka Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova, akā loa haumāna ka mea,ʻaʻole anei manaʻo e pili ana i nā manaʻo, akä, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, a kāʻei kua hana. Arguing objectively,ʻaʻole mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka luna 'manaʻoʻike i ka hoao ana o nā mākua i nā haumāna. No laila, i ka panina huina hoonui, ma ka kekahi lima - ka mea, akā, ma ka 'ē aʻe - hohonu, ka mea, he pono ke hele hoʻi ma kona oʻo makahiki, a hou i ka rethink, e imi i ka pono ole, e ku pono ana i ka mea'ē aʻe, ke ao nei, o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa ...

I ka hanau ana o ke 'ano moʻokalaleo

Ka huahana o "Hero no Our Time" ua ka mua Ana Aina, puke, kākau i loko o ka kaila o ka lawelawe a me ka manaʻoʻike realism. Pono a me ka philosophical hana na i hou i ka mōʻaukala o ke kumu ano like me ka hoomalamalama ana a me ka harmonious ano o ke ola i loko o Rusia 30 makahiki o ka XIX kenekulia. Ua i kekahi ano o ka mana HOU i hua'ōlelo o ke ano moʻokalaleo, mai ka mea kākau, like i ka manawa o ia ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke me "puke" hakuʻole. Lermontov hope hoʻokomo ana i palapala iho ai i ka puke "Hero no Our Time," ma muli o Pushkin ka palapala, ai 'hana a me ka mooolelo o Western Eulopa. Kēia ole Ua akaka no ka puka ma ka hua'ōlelo o pilialoha puke.

Ka Ike palapala

I ka makahiki 1832 Lermontov palapala iho la i ka poem, "au makemake e ola! Au makemake e ke kaumaha ... "Pehea i ke kanaka'ōpiopio no laila,ʻAʻole eʻole ke me ka waiwai nui o ka manao, a me ka hihio e neʻe i loko o ia ka uncontrollable makemake e ino? Paha ka mea, ua i kēia ola-kona hoakaka ana o ka manao ua o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o na hanauna he nui o ka mea heluhelu a me ka hoolaha aku i ke poetry o Lermontov ka pili i keia la? Manaʻo e pili ana i ka makemake o ka makani a me ka nuʻu mua i loko o ka poem "Ka Lei", kākau i loko o ka hookahi makahiki. "I aku la, i ke kipi,ʻo ia noi i ka ino, me he mea me ka makani ino, e i malu ai!" Kona Contemporary, kokoke i ka hookahi makahiki, Herzen i olelo mai ai o kona hanauna e like me ka "ʻapu kōheoheo maiʻuʻuku mai."

E maopopo i keia mau olelo, he mea pono e hoʻomanaʻo aʻela, i ka mea i au e ola Lermontov, a me ka manawa, i ua lewa hope i loko o ka puke "A Hero no ko kakou Time". An (essay) ma ka puke kupono hoʻomaka me ka Ikepili o ka poem mua o ka haku mele, no ka mea, i loko o ia mea i nanaia kāʻei kua i alakaʻi i ka mea kākau, e hana i kekahi hanana huahana.

Hana Lermontov hele mai ma ka manawa, a ua hala loa kaumaha no Lūkini mōʻaukala. December 14, 1825 ma ka Senate Square ma St. Petersburg i ka uprising o ka Decembrists, i pau i ka make. Ua lī nā organizers o ka uprising, i hoouna aku i komo i ka iwakalua-kumamalima makahiki o ke pio i loko o Siberia. Na¯ Lermontov Haʻalele nā hoa Pushkina, ulu i loko o ka lewa o ka hookaumaha. Ka mea, e lawe i ka mooolelo ke kālā no schoolchildren, e hoomakaukau ana ka (essay) ma luna o keia kumuhana.

"Hero no Our Time"

Lermontov haawi mai meʻe " 'aka o Mānoa, o ka i" o kona'āina. Oiai koa alakai hoʻokani i ke kūlana o ka suppression o na kanaka, i koi 'ia i nā luna kānāwai, e hoopau i ka pono ole o ke aloaliʻi haku mele - no ka nani o ke alii. Au i ulu lewa o ka makau, e hoʻohuoiʻia, hopelessness. I kona wā'ōpiopio, i ka haku mele i ole malamalama a me ka manaoio. He nui i loko o ka uhane wao akua, a me nā mea a pau i ka manawa ho'āʻo ana e pakele mai ia.

Ma ka poem "Monologue" o ka laina: "Amid na makani ino mai ai languishes mākou wā'ōpiopio ninini ..." UaʻO paakiki i ka manaoio i ka mea kākau o ka poetic hana he 15 wale nō makahiki o! Akā, i kēia ua i maʻamau wa opiopio pessimism. nō hiki i hoomaopopo Lermontov, akā, i hoomaka ana e ike i kekahi kanaka i mea e hiki ke hana, hiki ole e oi aku ka pomaikai. He umi makahiki ma hope o ka "Monologue", i palapala mai ai i ka puke "A Hero no ko kakou Time". I ka palapala ma keia kumuhana Pono e komo i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke Kumuhana o kēia manawa, a me ka wahi o ka ke kanaka i loko ona. He ma ka "Hero o Our Time," ka mea kākau wehewehe i kaʻike manaʻo o kona hanauna a me ka noonoo i ka hopelessness, i make i kona mau na¯.

moʻolelo palapala

Ka wā kākau pepa (essay) mea kupono e kuhikuhi mai i Lermontov hoomaka kākau i ka puke ma ka 1838 ma lalo o ka aoao o ko Haole nā manaʻo. Ma mua ka mea, ua ole, a hiki i ka puke, a me kēia moʻolelo, ka papa kuhikuhiE ano hui. I ka makahiki 1839, ka puke pai "Notes o ka Fatherland" hai ia M. Lermontov e hoomakaukau ana e hoolaha i ka ohi ana o kona pōkole moʻolelo. Kēlā me kēia o kēia mau moʻolelo i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o kekahi o kekahi palapala, ai' waha: "Bella" Ua kākau i loko o ke kaila o ka hele o ka (essay), "Princess Mary" - ma ka moolelo o ka naita ma moʻolelo, "Taman" - i loko o ka uhane o lyrical puke, "Ka Fatalist" - ma ke ano o "ka moʻolelo o ka pohihihi hihia "a ua mea mahaloia imua o na 1830s. Hope i kēia mau moʻolelo e e hanau piha-fledged puke "Hero no ko kakou Time".

Ka palapala-i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi pokole e inā hanana i wehewehe i loko o ka puke "Princess Ligovskoy" (1836). Kēia hana chronologically a thematically mua ia e "Hero". Aia, no ka manawa mua, a ikea mai la Pechorin kiai luna, ka mea i loko o ke aloha a me ka Princess Vera LIGOVSKY. A hoʻokaʻawale mokuna "Taman" Ua kākau i loko o 1837, me ka ikeia e like me ka hoomau ana o "Ka Princess Ligovski". A pau kēia mau hana i pili i kekahi i kekahi, a i ka hoʻomaopopo like kaiapili-philosophical laina, he hookahi manaʻo a me ka 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke kohoʻia.

ho'oponopono hou

i ka haku mele 'ana o ka puke "A Hero no ko makou Time" Ua ua loli ma ka hou mana. Ka palapala ua waiho i ka mea e pakuʻi ai i ka chronology o ke kākau 'ana: ka moʻolelo "Bel" i ka weheʻana o kekahi mokuna o ka puke, ka mea i hahai ia e "Maksim Maksimych" a me ka "Princess Mary". Ma hope, ua hui ka mua mau moʻolelo inoa "Mai ka ilamuku memo» a lilo ae la i ke alakai hapa o ka puke, a me ka lua o ka hapa i ka "Princess Mary". Ua Ua hapai ae la e haawi aku ai ia wrenching "haʻi aku" o ka protagonist. I Augate-September 1839 hoʻoholo Lermontov e loa hou-kākau i nā mokuna, koe mokuna "Bella", a ma ia manawa i mua, ua paʻi. Ia mea ma keia kahua o ka hana i loko o ka mokuna "fatalist" lilo i puke.

Ma ka Edition mua o ka puke au i ka inoa "kekahi o na koa o ke kenekulia." Ua oia o ka eha māhele - eha hookaawale moʻolelo, akā, i loko o ke ano o ka puke e ka mea kākau ia māheleʻia wale nō i nā'āpanaʻelua. Ka loiloi mua hapa - memo luna-narrator, ka lua - ka leoʻano. Introduction "fatalist" mokuna Mamua philosophical kahawai o ka hana. Wawahi puke ma ka hapa, Lermontov aole hoao ole i ka malama i ka chronology o hanana, ka pahu hopu o ka hiki ana e hoike aku i ka uhane o ka protagonist a me ka naau o na kanaka o ia pilikia'āina.

Ma ka hopena o ka makahiki 1839 Lermontov hana he mana hope 'o ka puke, e hookomo i ka "Taman" mokuna a me ka hoʻololi i ka haku mele' ana o ka huahana. Ka puke hoʻomaka mokuna "Bela", alaila, hele mai "Maksim Maksimych." Notes protagonist, Pechorin, ua manawa e hoomaka ana e alai "Taman" a pau "he fatalist." ua no hoi he pono-ike "Pechorin Magazine" I ka hookahi Revised edition. Penei, ka puke ninoieo o elima mokuna, a me he mea he hou inoa: ka puke "A Hero no ko kakou Time".

He aha mea like ma waena o Onegin a me Pechorin

Hope ka inoa o ka protagonist o ka puke ua hoʻopili ia ia me Pushkin ka Evgeniem Oneginym. Pechorin kapaia hele mai ana, mai ka inoa o ka nui Russian Pechora River, kahi kokoke i ka Onega (keia wahi aku, e like me ka ua kaulana, a me ka i kapaia Onegin). A me keia pilina mea ole coincidental.

Ma hope o A. Pushkin Lermontov pili ia i ke kiʻi o kona Contemporary a kālailai kona naue like ma ka hua'ōlelo o ko lākou manawa. Lermontov a hiki malalo ia i loko o ka mea pohihihi o ka uhane o ka meʻe, mahuahua kaʻike manaʻo o ka hana, a paʻa kūhohonu ia me ka hohonu philosophical mau manaʻo ma luna pono o ke kaiāulu.

Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo affiliation

"Hero no Our Time" - he (essay)-i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi, ka mua pono a me ka manaʻoʻike Ana Aina, puke ma Lūkini moʻokalaleo. Heʻano o kaʻoia iʻo puke, a e kālele ana ma luna o ka hoʻoponopono i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka pono nīnūnē e noi aku ana ma-hohonu, manaʻoʻike Ka Ikepili.

Ma ka puke, ka mea kākau epa a me Contemporary no kona manawa, i ka pono a me ka pono nīnūnē: i ka pono a me ka hewa, ke aloha a me ka aloha, ka make a me ka hoomana ana, ke kohoia ana o ke kanaka a me ka noho kauwa ole ana o ka makemake. ʻike manaʻo hana mea i Lermontov e kālele ana ma luna o ke kanaka o ka meʻe, i kona uhane i ka hoao ana. Ka mea heluhelu ua hooku iho la ia "he kapaʻole," uhane Pechorin. Ka puke "Hero no Our Time" - i ka mōʻaukala o kona uhane.

Ka makamake nui huahana

Kākau kekahi mau manawa hoʻololi i ka haku mele, e loa wehe i ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia - ka uhane kona manaopaa o ka meʻe. A i ka pau Lermontov. "Hero no Our Time", ka theme like o i ua ike ia ma ke ano o ke ola wahi, i hiki a me Ke Kai ma ka hopena o ka papa kuhikuhiE ano, pono devoid o kekahi chronology. Ke ninau aicieeaao: ke kumu o ka mea kākau, aole ia i hahai chronological mea i loko o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o na Mokuna? Chronological inconsistency mea ku pono i kekahi mau kumu.

• Mua, i loko o ka puke, aia no na oihana mua o kekahi mau Huli i: memo, diary, naita ma nā moʻolelo, (essay) a me ka mea e like.
• Ka lua, o ka mea kākau i ho'āʻo e hoopanee i ka mea heluhelu, e lawe mai "hele" i loko o kaʻike manaʻo o ka meʻe, e hookomo iho i ka mea heluhelu i loko o ka hohonu o ka pā honua o keʻano.

Aie i ka luna 'a me ka "kue"' ole hana i loko o ka puke mau narrators i loko o kēlā me kēia mokuna - he. No ka laʻana, ma ka mokuna "Bella" e pili ana i ka holo ana o ka hanana, ka mea heluhelu, e aʻo mai i ka moʻolelo Maksima Maksimovicha (Maksimych), ma ka "Maxim Maksimych" moʻolelo o ka luna, i ke poo o ka "Taman", "Princess Mary," "fatalist" hooku iho la ia ma ka puke palapala, a me ka diary o ka protagonist . Ia mea, ke narrator o ia iho Pechorin. Ano puke pai, a diary, e ae i ka mea kākau kālailai ole wale kaʻuhane o ka meʻe, akā, i ka hiamoe nui introspection o ke kanaka.

Pechorin a Bella: palaka a me ke aloha

Ma ke ano o Pechorin i ka adventurer. Pehea'ē aʻe e wehewehe i ke kulana o Azamat, ke keiki a kekahi o ka kūloko aliʻi, kidnapped kaikuwahine Bela, a Pechorin i lawe mai, a ma muli o ia Azamat Petchorin na aihue e aihue i ka lio mai Kazbich? Ke meʻe Aʻole e kiʻi luhi, e haawi aku i kou wahine pipiʻi makana mua e ho'ōla lanakila 'o ia i kona lokomaikaʻi. Ua o Laielohelohe ia ia i kona haaheo a me ka hookuli ana.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka mana o ka makaukau, a me ka hoi ana mai o unrequited ke aloha, ka Lermontov ka sympathies i me ka Bela - ia maoli aloha Petchorin maoli. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE ano mea adrift,ʻo ia iā ia iho hiki i ike ai i ko ke kaikamahine uaʻike piʻi maoli manaʻo, a o ke kuko ke tā ma o kona uhane a me ke kino. A i ka pōʻino o ka meʻe - ka mea, ua hikiʻole i kaumaha empathize. Ma aloha pupu Pechorin Bela-kau (essay) kumuhana apau loa. "Hero no Our Time" kekahi o ka hailonaʻana no kekahi manawa, e hōʻike hiki i ka protagonist ka i ikaika manaʻo. Ua pechorin ike o ka mea e hookonokono ana i kaʻi nō o nā 'ē aʻe, akā, nae, aole maopopo i mea ka ka mea. E like me ka hopena o nā mea a pau i kona mau hana e hoemi i ka boredom, uhane ka'ōlohelohe, a kuhi hewa.

Eia naʻe, e olelo aku e pili ana i ka piha callousness mea i pono. A lohe o Bela make i ka make weliweli, ia mea walohia iā ia,ʻaʻole wale nō ma Maxim Maksimych a me ka heluhelu. He lilo iho la "haikea like me ka pepa," I ka minuke hope o ke ola hōʻole lākou Pechorin. A laila, "ua lōʻihi Ua maʻi, lilo aku la, ilihune mea ..." Ua manaʻo i kona hewa i loko o ke alo o ia, akā, ho'āʻo e hūnā lākou mau manaʻo hohonu maloko. Malia paha i ke kumu āna i puka mai ai ka "'ē akaaka," no laila, i hoomakauia'ku Maxim Maksimych. Loa paha, ka mea, ua heʻano o ko mākou hopohopo hālāwai hope. Nolaila, ke hana wale maoli "meʻe o ko mākou manawa." I ka palapala o kona ano kāna moʻolelo i ka mea kākau ua kokoke - ia i noho kokoke i kaʻaoʻao kanaka ma kaʻaoʻao i kēlā lā. I ka heluhelu ike i ka hana ma na maka o ka narrator Pechorin Maxim Maksimych, akā, 'aʻole maopopo i na kumu no kēia mau hana.

Maxima Maksimych pili i Petchorin

"He O ia he wahi keʻokeʻo,ʻaʻahu no ia i ka malihini, aʻu i koho koke ia ia i loko o ka Caucasus, ke i nei" - i ike Pechorina Maksim Maksimych. Mai ka hōʻike ka mea, ua manao ia o ka narrator e like Pechorin. Kēia Ua e hoikeike ai ma na olelo mai ka diminutive pili aloha kau hope hoʻohana ma o ka narrator, a me ka hopuna'ōlelo "kiʻi kanaka ua ...".

Ma ka puke "Hero no Our Time," he (essay) e pili ana i Pechorin ka ola paha i ua palapalaʻia e ke hookahi nunui-ʻaoʻao puke - ai controversial, lei, a ua waiho ia maiā kiʻi i loko o ka mea, o ka mea kākau. Petchorin mai nā 'ē aʻe ma kā lākou hana: pane i ka loli ma ka wela, koke pallor, a me unexpected lōʻihi mumule talkative. No ka mea, no kēia mau mea "hana" no ka mea kahiko-nō hoʻi nā hōʻailona Maxim Maksimych Petchorin noʻonoʻo'ē.

Maksimych ike manaʻo, kipaku ia e ka uʻi Pechorin, nae, aole ia i manao ia he pono, e hoʻi i ke kaikamahine i kona makua kāne, a me he mea la ikaika pili ia Bela, no kona haaheo a me ka pakiko. Eia naʻe, i waiho ia ma ka olelo: "Aia mau kanaka i oe e maopopo leʻa ae." Maksim Maksimych i loko o ka naau Pechorin, i ka ikaika kanaka, a ua hiki ke hoolilo i ka makemake o nā mea a pau.

ʻono o ke 'ano

Lermontov ma Russian Ana Aina, - kekahi o nā mea kākau mua no ka mea 'ano mea,ʻaʻole i hanauʻikena, akā, he piha-fledged meʻe o ka moʻolelo. Ua ua ike i ka mea kākau i hoopio ia e ka nani o ka Caucasus, kona oolea a me ka grandeur. Roman Lermontova "Hero no Our Time" ua wale nane huna nō me ka pena o ke ano - Wild, akā, maikai. E like meʻikeʻia e kekahi mau manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, i Lermontov hoʻohana i ka i nā kākau manaʻo o "humanization o ke 'ano" i mua hou "kanaka oprirozhivanie". Special noʻeau 'ana i kūpono i ke ano o ke' ano, e kahińuli na kanawai ulu wale ma lalo i kanaka noho mauna. Ka Ia pololei ma ke ano o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka olinolino o ka Caucasus i okoa kiʻi, kino i kākauʻia e M. Yu. Lermontovym.

mea, ua ulu

Penei, o ka huina hoonui o ka "Hero o Our Time" - mea i loko o ka inoa o ka puke mua a pau kona o Mānoa, moe. Pechorin - hanauna impersonation. Mākou hiki ole ke olelo i na kanaka a pau i hoounaia'ku i ka uhane i ka hoao ana, i ae mai ka haunaele, a me kā lākou mau uhane hoopaakikiia. Ke protagonist Ua hookomo ole wale kanaka, e like me au - he luna, ma na manawa brutal i kanaka, akā, i ka mea ia manawa ikaika a me ka ikaika-Ke makemake nei anei. Kēia ka mea e pono malama i ka manao ana ka hoomakaukau ana i ka (essay) "Hero no ko kakou Time". Lermontov brilliantly lawe i ka lewa o ke kaiāulu i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka meʻe.