Hydrides - Ua ... Noi hydrides

Kēlā me kēia o ko mākou uaʻalo me ka manaÿo o keia 'epekema, e like kemika. I kekahi manawa ka mea, e ai like i ka mea mea paakiki ke hoomaopopo i kekahi mai kekahi. Akā, ia mea nui i ka ike a pau o ia mau mea, no ka mea, i kekahi manawa, he misunderstanding hiki aku ai i ka loa i hawawa, kulana, a me kekahi manawa, a hiki i ka unforgivable ka wahaheʻe. Ma keia 'atikala mākou, e kūkākūkā i hydrides, a ua pilikia loa, a i mea ole, ma ka mea i hoʻohana', a pehea e loaa. Akā, ua hoʻomaka me ka manawa pōkole hele i loko o mōʻaukala.

moʻolelo

Kona moʻolelo hoʻomaka me ka loaʻa hydrides hydrogen. Kēia hehee ai i loko o ka 18th kenekulia loaʻa Henry Cavendish. Hydrogen ua ike ia e komo i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ka wai a me ka mea i ke kumu no nā mea a pau na oihana mua o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina. Mahalo iā ia, i ke ola ana o ka hiki ke aloha i huiʻia a me ke ola ma luna o mākou Honua.

Eia hou kekahi, hydrogen o ke kumu no na mea he nui'okanikaʻole i huiʻia. Mau nā nāʻakika a me nā kumu, e like me nā hana aeaie hydrogen i huiʻia me nā kumu mua - hydrides. I ka lā o ko lākou hoʻololi kemikala mua ua i kaʻoi loaʻike, akā, 'ole-mea hao hydrides i, ua ikeia e ke kanaka, mai ka manawa kahiko hou. Ka loa, he pono ole no ia - i ka wai. Ae, i ka wai - ia mea he hydride o ka oxygen.

¶ A i loko o keia papa nā ammonia (ka papa kuhikuhiE ke keʻena o ka ammonia), hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen koloriside, a me ka mea e like. No ka 'ike hou aku e pili ana i ka waiwai o ka waiwai, mai keia like a me ka kamahaʻo papa o ka hui e e kūkākūkā i ka lalo nei.

physical waiwai

Hydrides - Ua ka hapanui kinoea. Eia naʻe, inā mākou e lawe i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia hydrides (ka mea, i ka poe ma ka maʻamau kūpono, a pane koke loa hoʻomaka koke i ka wai), ka mea, i ia puaʻa hiwa. Kekahi o ia (no ka laʻana, hydrogen bromide) nei i loko o ke kinowai moku'āina.

A mau ho'ākāka 'ana no ia i ka nui maʻamau o ka waiwai ia mea wale ole, no ka mea, okoa ka mea, i nā mea a pau, a, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ukana, i ka hapa o ka hydride, i hou i ka hydrogen, i okoa physical' ano a me ka Nine Inch waiwai. Akā, ka mea hiki ke maheleia i loko o nā papa, o ka hui i loko i kekahi mea i 'ano like. Aia ma lalo ke noonoo kaawale kēlā me kēia papa.

Ionic hydrides - ka hydrogen hui me ka mekala 'åkilikai a me kona'ākilikai honua ke hooheheeia. Ka mea, ho i ke keʻokeʻo paa, eii? Ma lalo o maʻamau ana. Ma ka hahana maoli nō kēia, e decomposed mau hui i ko lakou mau constituent metala a me ka hydrogen me ka hauneneʻe. Hoʻokahi nō hoʻokoe '- o LIH, a heheʻe ole decomposition a me ka ikaika hahana maoli nō kēia huli i Li a me H _2.

Metal hydrides - ka hoʻololi metala hui. Loa pinepine ka mea, i ka ee iaaanu aey haku mele 'ana. Ka mea hiki e ike i paa pāʻoihana o ke hydrogen i loko o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia. A hoi lakou i ke aniani 'ole o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia.

Ma covalent hydrides e pili ana i ka pololei i ka 'ano i mea loa, he pono ole ma ka Honua: hydrogen i huiʻia me ka' ole-ke hooheheeia. Laulā 'āpana o ka makana o kēia mau waiwai aie i kā lākou kiʻekiʻe kumupaʻa, like covalent paa ana i ka ikaika o ka Nine Inch.

Me lakou i mea hoike, silikone hydride haʻilula: SiH _4. Inā e nānā i ka mea ma ka buke, ua loaʻa i ka mea pono hydrogen kauo i ka kikowaena silikone'Ātoma a me kona electrons ia offset ana. Silikone i ka pono nui electronegativity, nolaila, hiki o ka ikaika,ʻo electrons i kona Kora naʻEsau, i laila hoemi i ka mea paʻa lōʻihi ma waena o ka mea, a me ka moku e'Ātoma. A me kou ike ana, me ka pōkole o ka pilina, no laila ia mea ikaika.

ʻO kēia māhele, e kūkākūkā i ka oko ao ma waena o nā hydrides mai nā hui ma ka hua'ōlelo o Nine Inch reactivity.

Nine Inch mall

Kēia māhele mea i ke kumukuai o hydrides māheleʻia i loko o ka ia hui like i loko o ka hala. A mākou e hoʻomaka me ka waiwai o ka ionic hydrides. Ka papa likeʻole, mai nāʻano'ē aʻeʻelua i loko o ia mea, 'Imi pāʻani aku me ka wai, e hana hydrogen a me ka mekala' åkilikai kala he kinoea. Ua loa pahū ka wai, no laila, i ka pilina ma ka loa pinepine waiho waho me ka loa o ka ona mau - Hydride naoh. Keia mea no ka mea, o ka wai ua hiki na i loko o ka lewa ke kāhea noho pilikia hou '.

E hōʻike i ka luna naoh helu kaulike i loko o Laʻana o na waiwai i potasiuma hydride:

Kh + H ₂ O = KOH + H ₂

Me mākou ke ike, na mea a pau i he mea. Nolaila, oi hana hoihoi reactions ano o ka mau? Ueo'ē aʻe mākou i hōʻike 'ona mākou noonoo.

I ka rula, nā loli 'ia mākou i ole ia ma ke kaʻawale, ano no a pau ano o ka waiwai. Ka mea, kamaʻilioʻana, e pane koke me ka metala oxides, metala ho okumu i, a me ka wai a me ka hydroxide (ka mea hope, ua ano o kona'ākilikai a me kona'ākilikai-honua i eliiaʻi).

Kekahi hana hoihoi naoh - thermal decomposition. Ua lŘlŘ ma kiʻekiʻe ana wela a me kŰlń ao i ke kahua o ka metala a me ka hydrogen. Mākou e mai e noho ma keia naoh, e like me ka mea i mua ua ua kālailai i loko o ka mua pauku.

Pela, ua hookolokolo aku la ia i ka waiwai o kēia 'ano o aeaie i huiʻia. Ano ia mea e pono ke kamailio e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻomākaukau.

Kaniak hydrides

Kokoke a pau o covalent hydrides - e maoli i huiʻia. Ka mea, i loa i ka pilina paʻa, no laila mai i haule iho ma lalo o ka aoao o ka mawaho koa. Me ka ion a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia hydrides na mea a pau i iki hou huikau. Ka mea, e mai nei ma ke ano maoli, no laila, ka mea, i ia e synthesized. Kēia Ua hana nui wale: ma ka reacting hydrogen, a me ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN hehee ai i ua koi 'ia e loaa hydride.

palapala noi

Kekahi hydrides mai ole i kekahi palapala noi, akā loa - ua nui loa no ka hana konohiki. ʻaʻole mākou e hele aku i loko o lāliʻi, no ka mea, i kela kanaka keia kanaka i lohe ai ia, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana 'ammonia ma na wahi, a me ka mea i paʻa mau mea no ka? iecaianoaaiiie oʻimi hoʻopunipuni'amino nāʻakika a me ke aloha i huiʻia. I ka hoʻohana ana o na mea he nui hydrides mea i kaupalena 'ia nā' ano o ko lākou Nine Inch waiwai. No laila, ka mea i hoʻohana wale nō i loko o keʻena hoʻokolohua ho okolohua.

Noi -ʻoi aku ko lākou nui pauku no keia ano o ka waiwai, no laila, i kaupalena 'mākou i mau kūʻiʻo. ʻO kekahi hapa, e hai aku oe i ka nui o mākou,ʻaʻole he pono ka ike, i hookahuli ai i kolohe ole nae (a ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ike ia) mea ma waena o lakou iho.

kekahi misconceptions

No ka laʻana, kekahi manaoio i ka hydride hydrogen - i kekahi mea pilikia loa. Inā hiki kapa aku oe ia waiwai, a laila,ʻaʻohe i kekahi hana. Inā mākou manaʻo, hydride hydrogen - ka hydrogen hui me ka hydrogen, a me keia wahi aku - H ₂ lātoma. O ka holo ana, i kēia mea pepehi kinoea, akā, wale nō i loko o ka läÿau, me ka oxygen. Ma kona maemae palapala ia mea,ʻaʻole pilikia loa.

Aia ka he wahi lihi iki o ka hoʻohoka pôhili. Ka mea, ua komo 'o loko o ka hana ke kanaka ke haiia'ku. Eia naʻe, e like me ka hana pono E hoike mai, i ka hapanui o ia e noho malie hoi, a ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka lulu popilikia hana.

ka hopena

Kemika World He nunui, a ua manao ia, ina ole ma hope o kēia, ma hope o kekahi mau 'ē aʻe' atikala, oe e ike no oe ia oe iho. A no ke aha la ka mea i ano e e bapetizoia ma o kona kuka nei me kona poo. Manaʻo kanaka i wehe i ka puu o ka hou, a hiki aku i koe IKE OLE IA. A ina e manao ana, aohe mea i hana hoihoi i loko o ka mahinaʻai o hydrides, oe i loa kuhihewa.