Ke causative Agena o ka anthrax. ʻike, o ka anthrax, symptoms, lapaʻau

Anthrax - he infectious maʻi. Ua loaʻa he kiʻekiʻe pahiki o ka make. Anthrax - Bacillus anthracis. At kamepiula i kanaka e hana ana ma aina, e like me ka maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ ma hui 'ana me na holoholona. Ka maʻi anthrax, he Hawaii photo o nā hualoaʻa i mea hiki ke hoʻomakaʻu kekahi, Ua pilikia loa no kekahi mau kumu: ia mea nō, he pono ole i loko o ka holoholona ao nei, ka maʻi pathogen spores i loko o ka lepo no ka lōʻihi manawa mālama holoholona ke kanu ana, ka maʻi holo paakiki a me ka haawi complications.

hōʻikeʻano

Anthrax bacterium mea he nui paa. Oiai ma ke kino kanaka a me ka holoholona, ka mea 'ano apau loa he mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku i loko o ke kaiapuni - hihia.

Spores o ka causative Agena hiki ke mālama 'ia no ma kahi o 10 makahiki i loko o ka lepo, a ma nā holoholona ilina - mai i elima mau manawa hou. Ka mea, i mai makau i ke anu a me ka wela, ka mea hiki ke ola i loko o pāʻoihana o Hekikai a me ka chlorine Hekikai, a me nā kapuahi e ia lakou, e ku no ka 7 minuke.

Ua noa Ua kama'āina me ka hihia kahi anthrax i ua hoʻohanaʻia poʻe hoʻoweliweli, a hohola iho la i loko o envelopes.

Ke vegetative ano o ka koʻohune make koke ma hope o disinfection, a baila aʻela i. Anthrax bacterium mea hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka moe palapala, a ua lilo i hana ma lalo o ano? Aneie ana.

moʻolelo

Mai ka wā kahiko, anthrax i hahau kanaka a pau. More Homer a Hippocrates i olelo ia ia me "kapu ke kihi". Ma ka Middle Ages i kēia maʻi koi ana i ke ola o na mea he nui kanaka a me na holoholona i loko o kekahi aina. I ka manawa mua i ka maʻi, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka XVII kenekulia. Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema S. Andrew ka hoao ana o ka anthrax i loko o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka - i kekahi, a me ka hookahi maʻi e ia lŘlŘ ma ka hoʻoponopono-maʻiʻaʻai. He i appropriated keia maʻi keia inoa.

I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia Lui Paster ua hiki ke hana i ka laʻau koʻokoʻo mua. He hoʻolauna holoholona attenuated ke kanana nei o ka anthrax koʻohune, a alakai ai i ka hooulu ana o ka e hoʻonele. Pasteur ua hiki ke hooiaio i ka nele i ka vaccination e pale aku i ka maʻi.

MEA mau moʻolelo 20 tausani hihia o ka anthrax kēlā me kēia makahiki. haʻawina i underway e hoʻoikaika 'vaccines, a hooloihi kona hana. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hiki ke hoʻolauna i ke'ōewe o anthrax i loko o ka paka genome USʻepekema. E like me kaʻilihune o kēia mau hana i loko o nā mea kanu i hoomaka ai e e hua mai la antigen mea i hoʻohana no ka hoʻokumu o ka hou laʻau koʻokoʻo,ʻaneʻane oleʻaoʻao ole.

epidemiological kaʻina

Kanaka anthrax ua pū i hiki ma holoholona. Not susceptible i ka maʻi o nā manuʻaiʻia, akā, e hiki ke lawe spores ma luna o nā hulu, maiuu a me ka eheu akau.

Anthrax bacillus hoomanawanui i ka holoholona faeces, koko, wai a pee mai ka ihu a me ka waha. I ka aina a me ka wai exciter adjudged me ka mimi a me feces.

Ka lepo ma ke kahua o ka hihia hoomanawanui i iho mailoko o na holoholona laka a me nā holoholona hihiu, e hali ana aku i ke kupapau, e hohola i ka maʻi no na mea he nui kilomika.

Mea hoʻohaumia mai kekahi kanaka i kekahi 'aʻole ole, nolaila, i ka nui o ka maʻi i loko o kānaka hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka maʻi i loko o na holoholona.

Maʻiʻaʻai hiki ke i ma ka lepo, me ka hui 'ana me iho mailoko holoholona huahana, i loko o ka manaʻo o ka poe holoholona, ma ka puka o ko lākou mau kino ma ka ili poino, ka ai a me ka ana ea.

MaʻApelika Waena'āina kahi anthrax i loko o na holoholona ka oi loa prevalent, kona EYI i kānaka hiki ana ma ka nahu o ke koko-keikihipa omo nā mea kolo.

ʻO wai ka mea ma kamepiula

Aia i kekahi mau pūʻulu o kanaka, ka poe i paku ole ia pakahi aku la ia i ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai.

• Kauka holoholona poe hana ma ka hui 'ana me na holoholona;
• Manufacturers, kūʻai, a me nā kānaka kūʻai mai o nā huahana i ka maoli für a me ka hulu hipa, i laweia mai, mai nā wahi ma kahi o ka maʻi i prevalent;
• aiia;
• koa nā limahana a me nā waeʻano o kanaka e noho ana ma ka mau o ke ahulau;
• kanaka e hana ana i loko o keʻena hoʻokolohua, ma ka hui 'ana me ka causative Agena o ka anthrax.

prevalence

No aupuni ma ka anthrax ua pau luku ole. Ua Ua loa olelo i loaʻa i loko o Aferika a me America South like hoʻi me hawaiian'āina. Ma Europa, i ke ahulau 'ōili mai kekahi manawa ma ka hema o ka mea, ma luna o ka Black Sea a me Kaiwaenahonua mokuna. Alakaʻi ma ka helu o nā mea maʻi me ka anthrax i Tureke, Iran a me Iraq.

Ma Rusia, ka hapanui pinepine i ka maʻi i loko o ia lŘlŘ ka North Caucasus māhele 'āina. Ke kumu nui no kona hanana ma ko kakou aina nei i ka lukuʻia o ka iho mailoko holoholona me i ke aoʻana e pili ana i keia hana kauka holoholona, a me ka mea e pono ai decontamination ana.

Oi loa aku hoi i ka laha o ka maʻi.

• i ulu'āina o ka maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ ma hope o hui 'ana me na holoholona, mālama no ia, luku;
• i loko o ka ulu ''āina maʻiʻaʻai uaʻano nui pū i hiki ma ka? iecaianoaaiiie o ka holoholona hānai.

Mea Maluna o ka maʻi

Aia nō i ke kēia mauʻano o ka anthrax:

• ʻili;
• E;
• pulmonary.

Cutaneous ia lŘlŘ loa pinepine (ka hola 95% o nā hihia). Ua hiki e karbunkuloznoy (loa, he pono ole), bullosa, endematoznoy a me ka erizipeloidnoy.

Pulmonary a intestinalʻano a pinepine i hui ma lalo o kekahi inoa - generalized paha septic ulcers. Emi pinepine ia lŘlŘ intestinal ano o ka maʻi (emi o 1%).

Symptoms o ka maʻi

Ke latent wā o ka maʻi hiki mau mai kekahi mau hola a hiki i ka hebedoma. Mai ka ingress o ka agena i ke kanaka ma mua o nā symptoms mua e lawe Oko a ka mńlamalama o ka manawa (ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ala hele o ka maʻiʻaʻai). Ma ke kaʻina lewa, a me ka meaʻai maʻiʻaʻai maʻi ulu ia lŘlŘ uila, a me ka make e hana ana i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Nānā 'ole o ka anthraxʻano papa hana o ka ulu o ka ia: i ka toxin piʻi i nā ipu, aʻe lākou permeability, ma o na la nani, a me ka li nui poho o ka waiʻona ma.

Ka loa, he pono ole karbunkuloznaya anthrax (Hawaii photo causative Agena ua hoakaka ia ma lalo nei).

Hookahi o ka maʻi ua wehewehe aku ma ke ano ma ka ili, ma ke kahua o ka maʻiʻaʻai ulaula kiko komo o, hope huli i loko o ka papule, a laila, - i loko o ka vesicle uliuli. Lopnuv, ka vesicle ia iho i loko o ka ulcer me hoala lua penei puni i hou vesicles i hou. Ma hope o kekahi manawa i loko o ka maʻi o kaʻeleʻele eschar ua hana, i like loa me ka mōhai ili. Pā lonoaʻili huna a puni ka pehu pala nalo. Waho kona similarity i ka lanahu i alakai ai i ka muli o ke kahiko Lūkini inoa o anthrax - Ugljevik.

A puni o ka loli ana o ili i Konakele. Edema. He pilikia loa ka wā he paea, ma luna o ka maka, a me ka hiki ke alakai i ka nani o ka Hawaiian Airlines a me ka make.

I ka maʻi ua pu ma kiʻekiʻe wela, aches, headaches. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule o ka ulcer hoola a me ka me ka makaʻu no ikea mai ai.

Wehewehe aku Endematoznaya anthrax edema, bacteremia akaka ma ke kahua ma hope o ka maʻi a me ka mea nui i loko o ka nui.

I ka bullosaʻano o ka maʻi ma ka paena komoʻana o ka maʻiʻaʻai ikea Oe mea ma hope o ka autopsy huli i loko o ulcers.

Pulmonary ano o ka maʻi ua pinepine kapaʻia ai ka maʻi o ka hulu hipa sorters. Anthrax koʻohune mai o ka lewa i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai, a laila, - i loko o ka lymph aka wahi, a lilo ia i mea wela ai. Initially, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ke kiʻekiʻe mai kuni, umauma eha, a me ka nawaliwali. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā, i ka pokole o ka hanu, a hoemi oxygen ma ka 'ilikai ai i loko o ke koko. Once i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai, anthrax ua hoʻolaha koke ma ke kanaka kino. Pinepine ka mea, me ka puʻu i ke koko, X-na kukuna ke hōʻike i ke alo o ka pneumonia, ke hoʻomanawanui i ka kino mahana pinepine e pii ai a hiki i 41 degere. Aia He pulmonary edema a me ka naʻau 'ole, e like me ka hopena, aole paha e ka lolo hemorrhage.

Ma hope o ke komo o ka pathogen i loko o ke kanaka kino me ka ai a me ka inu hoʻomohala intestinal ano o ka anthrax. Ka mua pae o ka maʻi mau no ka hola 2 lā, a hahai aku la ia e nui puʻu, kuni, kuni. A laila, i kēia mau symptoms i pākuʻi i ka luaʻi koko, loa abdominalʻeha, diarrhea. Aia ka naau ka hoʻokō 'ole, me ka maka i ka lole poni a me bluish kala like' ole, papules i hanaʻia i loko o kaʻili. I ka intestinal anthrax hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha ka make ana o ka hoʻomanawanui.

Ka wā septic ano o ka maʻi i kokololio, he mea intoxication, maloko kahe ana ke koko. Ke no o ia i kekahi maʻi hiki liloʻawahia kŰia.

lapaʻau '

Keʻena hoʻokolohuaʻike, o ka anthrax nā:

• serological ho'āʻo ma ;
• bacteriological noiʻi;
• Skin a me ka allergy ho'āʻo ma.

Ka wā cutaneous ano o ka maʻi i ke kauka i diagnosed ma muli o ka hoʻomanawanui ka ili loli. Inā he mea e hoʻohuoiʻia no pulmonary palapala, hana umauma X-kukuna a me scan NineManga.com, lawe swabs mai ka ihu a me ka sputum Eia kekahi laʻana.

Infectious konohiki hiki ke nānā 'no hoi ma ke koko mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku no ka mea koʻohune moʻomeheu ka ninaninau ana i Eia kekahi laʻana o abdominal loli, lumbar puncture, Ka Ikepili o ka ili scrapings.

hiki complications

Anthrax hiki i haanou ana o ka lolo, maʻiʻaʻai, gastrointestinal kahe ana ke koko, meningitis. Ma generalized ano o ka maʻi pinepine e hoʻomōhala ana iʻawahia kŰia.

lapaʻau

Nā mea maʻi e ia i loko o ka infectious maʻi 'Oihana, ma ka hihia o ka loa papa o ka maʻi - i loko o ka mālama nui malama pa alima. I ole hihia hiki ole ke wehe paea, no laila, ua kahikoia a nani pono e lawe mai me ka lōʻihi mālama nui. Ma generalized ano o ka maʻi i ka hoʻomanawanui e ia ma lalo a eia i ka loiloi 'ia, ma ka manawa e oleʻawahia kŰia.

Ke causative Agena o ka anthrax lukuia e antibiotics. Pili ia no ka 7-14 lā ke kaumaha ma muli o ka oolea o ka maʻi. Ka poʻe me ka antibiotic lapaau lawelawe i ka hoʻomanawanui protivosibiroyazvenny immunoglobulin. Ka loli ili ua malamaia lakou nei, me ka antiseptics. Ma ka hale, i ka iapaau ana o ka anthrax mea hiki ole.

Outlook

Extract o nā mea maʻi me ka cutaneous ano o ka maʻi ia lŘlŘ ma hope o scarring o ka loli ana o kaʻili i ka generalized palapala pono ia i ka piha hou ana, a me ka papalua io bacteriological examinations.

Loa pinepine alakai i ka make a me ka pulmonary intestinal ano o ka maʻi. I ka cutaneous anthrax piha loaa ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka hanana i hoʻolako 'āwīwī mālama'.

People ma ka hui 'ana me ka causative agena o ka anthrax, i loko o 60 mau lā o ka lawe antibiotics.

Kāohiʻana: he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

Hua mai la i kauka holoholona, a ola mālama Kāohiʻana o ka anthrax.

i koi kauka holoholona Services e hōʻike iho mailoko holoholona ukali ma ka iapaau ana a me ka pepehi. Haule holoholona disinfected, a luku iho la ia, oiai ma ka outbreak o ka maʻi disinfection.

Health-mālama pūnaewele e:

• kanaka hoʻoponopono kaʻaeʻana me ka mau hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūmau;
• 'eleuʻike, a me ka hana o ka maʻi;
• nānā a disinfect i ka ipu ahi maʻi;
• vaccination.

Aia sibiroyazvennaya laʻau koʻokoʻo i reliably i malama i ka holoholona, mai ka maʻi. Na aina vaccination ua lawe mai me ka koe, akā,ʻaʻole kanaka a pau ka poe i na holoholona mea i loko o ke kula ona, maopopo i ka pono no keia ina hana.

Ke kumu nui ana o ka Kāohiʻana o ka anthrax

• Makahiki vaccination o nā holoholona ma luna o anthrax;
• clarification o na rula o ke kauka holoholona lawelawe o ka luku ana i na holoholona i make, mai anthrax;
• ike loea hoomalu o ke kanu pā a me nā wahi o ke ahulau;
• hoole ana e kuai i ai i mea ole i ka stigma o kauka holoholona lawelawe, e like me ka pono i ili a me für me na lima;
• i ke ahi o ka make holoholona iho mailoko me anthrax, puhi lepo, kahi āna i moe maʻi holoholona, disinfection o ka Hoʻonaʻauao Hekikai;
• uhi ana quarantine i ka wahi, kahi a na holoholona maʻi loaʻa anthrax;
• vaccinating kanaka nona ka 'oihana hana ua pili i ka pilikia o ka aoao hana mai e like me anthrax (ka laʻau koʻokoʻo mea i pololei ia no hoʻokahi makahiki);
• hoʻomaka ola hoʻomakākiu i hana aaioee holoholona maka mea;
• infectious konohiki e ia i loko o kaʻai, no laila, mālama E e rula no ka aaioee a me ka imu o ka ai a me ka haleʻuwī waiū me nā huahana.