Ke kokua ana i ka 'Akelanika' papahele. Ke kumu nui hiʻona o ke kokua ana o ka 'Akelanika' papahele

E mākou noonoo i au mamuli o ka kokua o ka 'Akelanika' papahele. Kēia theme like ua i loko o na kumu ua hōʻike mai iā ia superficially. No laila, pili no ka nui o ka nīnau: "? Auhea hiki au loaʻa kekahi hōʻike no ka 'Akelanika'" I kekahi manawa ka mea pono i ka hoʻokolokolo pono study o keia kumuhana. Ma kēia 'atikala i ho'āʻo mākou i like ka nui me ka hiki, e hōʻike aku i ka mea.

No ka mea, e wehewehe i lalo 'äina ai o ka Moana' Akelanika, ua e hoailona oukou i ka Mid-Akelanika Ridge - kona papa kuhikuhiE Mapa hehee ai. E like me ka wahi ia i mea wale iki emi ma mua o ka seafloor (24.6%, a 37,6% niioaaonoaaiii). A pau moana lapa e hookaawale ai i mau apana. Ka mea, e pili ana i kau like ma ka nui. General 'ike i ka' Akelanika, e like me mau ike o Tilly e ae oe e maopopo maikaʻi ka mea ma ka pahu i loko o kēia 'atikala. I mea e pono ho i ka wahi o ka moana a mākou e hoihoi, ua paipai e familiarize me ke kāleka.

A hiki i ke komohana o ka Media ke kualono

Hawaii lapa ke aupuni 'komohana o ka hapalua like-moana. Plateau o Rio Hekikai, hoala Ceará, Ridge Barracuda a me ka Bermuda plateau, e like me nā wānana waiwai o ka Mid-Akelanika Ridge, a Hawaiian palena pau ma lalo o ka wai, e puunaue i ka komohana hapalua o ka papakü i Argentina, Brazil, Guiana (ka Guyana), North American, Hawaii a me Labrador kīʻaha . Norewai-Greenland pa holoi, a Baffin Sea e ana manaoia me hapa o ka okoa moana - ka Arctic.

Labrador a me Hawaii kīʻaha

Mākou e hoʻomau i ka moʻolelo i mea he kokua o ka 'Akelanika' papahele. Pokole e wehewehe i ka mau ipu - Hawaii a me Labrador (ka i kā mākou hohonu o ka hope - 5160 mau mika). Ka mea, i, ma ka mea, he hookahi pa alima. Ka hapa nui o ia ninoaaeyao ka palahalaha abyssal papu. Ma iiaciiie Melekiana kuhikuhi ana ia nā keʻa ka abyssal awawa Hazen. Dennis pa holoi paleia lakou mai kaʻaoʻao hema ke kualono o ka ia inoa. He mea, e like me ka hoike ana a me ka likeʻole hawewe acoustic study o ka hoʻomāhuahua ana o ke kanaka nunui palapala, a ua pili i ka neʻeʻana o ka hohonu-kai paialewa sedimentary mea.

'Amelika' Ākau paipu, Guiana a me Ceará

North American pa holoi - keia mea kekahi o ka mea nui loa ipu e hoailona i ka kokua o ka 'Akelanika' papahele. mea e hoʻomau A pōkole ho'ākāka mākou moʻolelo. Ka hohonu nui o ka ipuʻauʻau, he 7110 mau mika. Bermuda plateau o Nyos iʻaneʻane nō i loko o ka waena konu o ka'ākau hapa. Ua hoi kahiāuli pele massif kihi (ole ia i kapaʻia ka angular punohu) a me ka mauna Kelvin. Wavy abyssal papu kŰlń ao mai Bermuda i kekahi plateau i ke kūkulu hema. Ma ka periphery o ka pa holoi i lalo abyssal papu Nares, Hatteras a me catfish. North American pa holoi i kokoke ma ka hema-komohana mai ka Blake-Bahama Ridge, e like me mawaho Antilles mau lala. Hope kŰlń ao ma ka Puerto Rico auwaha. Ua hoʻokaʻawale, me ka blocky kualapa Barracuda, Aia ma luna o kona sequel, ke Guiana pa holoi mai 'Amelika' Ākau. Inflow terrigene sedimentary lako e hoʻolako aneane ao? Acaeoey o lalo abyssal papu kapaia papu Demerara loko puha Guiana. Guiana pa holoi mai i kā mākou hohonu o ka 5109 mika ma ka akau-komohana loa, a ua wehewehe akuʻano nui hilly. Small-pepa paia punohu Ceará huikauʻole ka lua pele, ka mea, ua kaawale ia mai i ka ipuʻauʻau a Ceará. He nui ka hohonu He 4700 mau mika hope. I ka lalo o ka pa holoi ua ku ma ka lalo papu o ka ia inoa. It E e kaulana kekahi 2 abyssal awawa. 'O kēia Wild, (hoʻohuiʻia Guiana, a' Amelika 'Ākau kīʻaha) a incision hohonu kīnā 250 mika a me Pernambuco (hoʻohuiʻia ka Palakila a me Guiana kīʻaha).

Palakila kīʻaha

Ka nui loa pa holoi i loko o ke komohana loa o ka moana - Brazil. Eia, i ke kokua ana o ka 'Akelanika' papahele ka hapanui hilly. Ma ka papu o Pernambuco, he uuku wahi o ka pa holoi, ia mea wavy. Mokuluu lua pele mea iiiaanoaa ma Palakila kiaha. Kekahi ala ma luna o kaʻilikai, ho okumu i ka pele mokupuni (Martin oe, Trinidad, Fernando de Ka Noronha). Latitudinal cii hewa wahi mea malalo nń mauna kai.

Palakila pa holoi ua kaawale ia mai kaʻaoʻao hema plateau o ka Rio Hekikai mai ka Argentine. Loa huikau'āina o ka plateau. Kanaka me nń mauna ala hou ma luna o ka plateau-me surfaces.

Hawaiian ke kuleana o ka ke ano o ka lapa, he ololi, i lalo-ai kainuʻu. Ua hiki i ka Melekiana kuhikuhi. Ma waena o ka Hawaiian palena pau o America Hema a me ka plateau holo Wim - abyssal awawa ma i kahe ka wai, mai ka lalo o Argentina ma ka Palakila kīʻaha. A nui hapa o ka lalo o ka Argentine lawe undulating papu. Palahalaha, ololi abyssal papu ua aia ma ka komohana kae o ka pa holoi, a ua aia ma ka hema o ka nui accumulative U-shape - he lapa Sapiola. Kona ho okumu ua pili i ka lawe ana mai a me ka nefeloidov lalo sediment ma luna o ka Ant-. Ma ka Argentine kīʻaha o ka nui me nń mea i loaʻa, nae, hawewe acoustic piliʻike kai aku i 'ike i kekahi mau mauna, ka hoahanau kiʻekiʻe hiki 2-2.5 ei, kanuʻiaʻo ia ma lalo o kekahi papa o ka sediment.

Yuzhnoantilsky mawaho lālā - Ovodova uplift, Aia ma ka hema o ka Argentine kīʻaha. ʻApelika Waena-Ant- pa holoi moe ana i ka hema, ma waena o Antarctica a me nä kualapa waena-waena moana. Notional palena ma waena o ka moana Indian a me ka 'Akelanika' laweia aku a puni ma ka 20 ° ma. d. noʻonoʻo i kēia kali, wale i ka komohana hapa o ka ipuʻauʻau a me ka palahalaha abyssal papu i kapaia o Weddell o Nyos i loko o ka 'Akelanika. Ke kokua abyssal puʻu typical o ka'ākau hapa o ke kīʻaha.

Ia mea ma ka hohonu o ka Moana 'Akelanika i ka hikina hapa o ia?

Ke kokua ana o ka papakü o ka loa a me ka luna 'heterogeneous, haku o na oihana mua. 'Akelanika mea i koe. Kona moe i loko o ka hikina loa ua wehewehe aku ma ke alo o ke kīloi paʻewa paha Azores-Biscay kualapa e kaua i Gorringe, e hoohaunaele ana i ka Cape Verde Islands , a me ka Canary Pae Aina, Plateau Sierra Leone, Guinea a me Whale lapa ke eaʻe. Ka mea, e puʻunaue i ka holoʻokoʻa hikina hapa o ka moana a hiki i ka WesternʻEulopa (i kā mākou ka hohonu - 5023 mika), Canary (6549 mika), Iberian (5815 mika), Sierra Leone (6040 mika), Cape Verde (7282 mika), Angolan (6050 mika), Guinea (5215 mika) a me ka Cape (5457 mika) kīʻaha. Ma waena o Rockall, papa anuʻu loa kai elevation a me'Āina Hao-Kepulauan Western Europa paepae mea kāwaha.

West Europa kīʻaha

ka hapanui hilly abyssal papu, wale ma - Ka lalo o ka pa holoi ka Bay o Biscay, aole i lalau mai e like me ia ma ka akau-komohana o ka mea i lalo papu o Bizkaia. North i ka hema lalo slit nui abyssal Dolinoy Mori, nona ka lōʻihi o ma kahi o 3500 ei. He morphologically like me ke awawa Hazen. Ke awawa Ua pu ma luna o kekahi nui accumulative mau pua, hiki i ka kiekie o 50 mau mika. Elua nunui hoʻomāhuahua 'ano apau loa e ku mai ana ma ka akau loa o ke kīʻaha. Kēia 'sedimentary kualono "Feni a me Gardar. Lākou ho okumu ua pili me ka mana, mai komo'Āina Hao-Kepulauan paepae sedimentary mea. Iberian puha,ʻuʻuku ma ka nui, ka mea, ua hana ia ma ka palahalaha kikowaena hapa o ka abyssal papu. Me Biscay maopopo ka mea, hoʻohuiʻia gorge Tet.

A hiki i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Iberian kīʻaha

Ke kokua ana i ka lalo o ka 'Akelanika i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Iberian kīʻaha ka loa kea. Ua Ua 'ole ma ke alo' aneʻi o ka lapa Gorindzh, aeie-lua a me ka mokuluu mauna o ka ia inoa, hoala Madeira, a me ka pūʻulu o nā nń mauna kai. Ke kumu nui hiʻona o ke kokua ana o ka 'Akelanika' seafloor i loko o ka wahi i loaʻa i ke alo o ka lehulehu mokuluu lua pele. Ma ka 'ole o ke kumu ili o ka puha Zelenomysskoy a me ka nui Canaria (i kā mākou hohonu o ka 6549 mika) hiki ke maheleia i ekolu cii submeridional: hikina, oceanic pńpa loko i ua uhiia loa ihona hene papu wawae'āinapuniʻole; awelika abyssal papu, i lalo a me ka ololi; ua hiolo komohana. Oihana mua o ka Hawaiian palena pau o Africa i kekahi lua pele uplift o ka Canary Islands (4 hana lua pele - kekahi o ia) a me ka Cape Verde Islands me kaʻeleu lua pele. A pau i kēia a oi fraught me ka hohonu o ka 'Akelanika.

Loa kiʻekiʻe ka wikiwiki (7-7,3 km / s) o ka hawewe i kekahi poe e hookiekie ana Sierra Leone. O ke kumu ho i ka pōkole i loko o ka pńpa ultrabasic pōhaku e like me me ka ikaika metamorphism o nā pōhaku o ia wahi cortex. I ka lalo o kēia mau ipu me Guinea a me Sierra Leone, e noho i lalo papu, a ua hoopuniia oukou e abyssal puu. Ka hohonu nui o kēia mau kaumaha e niioaaonoaaiii 5212 a me ka 6040 mika.

Cameroonian hewa ae?

Mea, he akea Guinean elevation hiki ma ka akau-hikina o ka pele plateau, he nui, a aia ma ka hikina loa o ka Mid-Akelanika Ridge, kokoke Sana Helena. Cameroonian hewa ciia o ka loa ano ke keʻena o keia ke eaʻe. Ua Ua pili me ka lua pele hale seamount Shirshov a me Palanga mokupuni, Principe, Sao Tome a me Macias Nguema, Biyogo. Kēia ho'ālaʻia Valley oi hiki i loko o ka'āinapuniʻole o Africa. Cameroon, heʻeleu pele, a me kekahi mau Central Sahrawi, i waena a ma laila nō i hana i e pili ana me ia.

Angola kīʻaha

I ka lalo o ka i waiho ai i ka hema-hikina a me ka hema o Guinea, e hoohaunaele ana i ka Angolan pa holoi kekahi wahi e pili kēia ihola Loko ka wāwae o ka pelapela a, me ke komo pu nui Kongo'ōpala hoʻiʻohana, he papa anuʻu loa kai Canyon. Group seamount aia ma ka hema kihi o ka Angola kīʻaha. Kēia mau mauna i kekahi, he pono ole kumu. Ka loa nui o ka ia - o Vyurst (kona hoahanau kiekie mea ma kahi o 4 km).

Walvis lapa

Walvis Ridge - i ka mauna blocky 'ole. Ua ninoieo aʻekolu nā palaka, a i kaawale ma ka noho lio. Whale lapa e wehewehe aku flattened apical ili a me ka poe puaa ma kahi haahaa. Uniformity apical ili i pili i ka nui (a paha i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE) kolamu degere me ka limescale hoʻomāhuahua.

Cape kīʻaha

Aia ma ka hema o ka Walvis Ridge Cape pa holoi ua wehewehe aku ma ka mea i 'aneʻi ua uluʻano nui ke ola abyssal puu. Eia hou, i ka hohonu o ka Moana 'Akelanika oweliweliʻaneʻi he wahi lihi iki o ka lua mauna. Ka mea, i kiaʻano nui ma ka hema o ke kīʻaha. Information mauna pūʻulu hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka Cape Agulhas kīʻaha kīʻaha. Agulhas Ua ikeʻano nui i kekahi hapa o ka moe ana o ka Indian Ocean. He morphologically like me ka Cape kīʻaha.

Ano, e ike i ke ano o ka'āina i ka lalo o ka 'Akelanika' i ma ka minute. He ua lohi hoʻololi, eia nae mea hou i ka mea i wahi loa lohi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau i ka 'âinapuni e naulu la i ka mämä holo o ka wale ma kahi 1-2 knm no ka makahiki. Other keʻano o ka hanaʻana i he hoʻonui ia mea, a ke hoomaka nei loa lohi. No laila, i ke kumu nui hiʻona o ke kokua ana o ka 'Akelanika' papahele koe ua hoʻololiʻia.

He aha wehewehe i nā hiʻona o ke kokua ana o ka 'Akelanika'?

No ke aha lā i ka lalo o ke kokua ia ia ka mea ia mea? E ka maka ia. Hiʻona i i ke kokua ana o ka papakü, nä känaka 'epekema mea e hiki ke wehewehe i ka kekahi kumu. Ma 'ana, ka' Akelanika 'ua manaoio no e hana me ka hopena o ka ho'āla wehe i ma ka waenakonu o ka lapa wahi o ka Mid-Akelanika. A pau i nā hiʻona o ka 'ole a me ka' äina o ka papakü o aie i ka mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE papa 4 (Ant-,ʻApelika Waena, Eulńsia a me Amelika) e ae nee aku no ia.

I ka moolelo o ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka' Akelanika 'hoomaka i loko o ka wa kahiko. Ia manawa, ua,ʻaʻole i maopopo hoomaopopo kona hohonu. He hiki i ka mōʻaukala o ka Moana 'Akelanika, e hoʻomau i ka noiʻi hou a me ka pīhoihoi discoveries.