Ke'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke clotting o ke koko, i mea ka inoa?

Like pono, ka wā i ka pilikia, e like me ke oki a stab, hoola koke, a me ka pilikia. Mākou e Mai paʻa nui i ka nui o ikehu, mea, a nenoai komo e hōʻoia i ka pono o ko mākou kino.

He aha ka ke coagulation'ōnaehana?

I ka 'inikua' epekema o ke koko coagulation ua kapaia "homeostasis." He He kaʻina e hoʻolako i ke kinowai noho ana o ke koko, a ua ālai 'ka lilo ana o ka nui nui o ia. Koko no na kanaka - ka mea, o ke kumu o ke ola, e like me ka mea hiki ke kōkua mai ma na keena a pau o ka mahuaola. Ua nourishesʻAʻole wale i ke kino, akā, no hoi i malama ia. Ke loli ma ke kino nei,ʻaʻole nui loa, no laila, na puncture a incision, i aʻe i ka pono o ka ipu koko, ke pau i ka waimaka. Akā, e hele mai i ke kōkua o ke coagulation'ōnaehana, nui kaʻoi loa, kona'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko clotting. Ua kapaia leokanipū me ka nui (particles) o ka wai a platelets.

Kēia nenoaiu He kū hoʻokahi no ka mea, i loko o ke kinowai koko ma na ipu koko. Once ka moku i wawahiia, koke e hele mai i loko o hana okoa maomeka, a Luna e uhi ana i ka puka i loko o ka ipu. Kēia'ōnaehana minimizes ole wale ke koko, aka, no hoi ua ālai 'ia mai ka hoʻohana' ana i mau 'ona. Maʻamau, ua 'O ke kaulike na keʻano o ka hanaʻana a pau, hiki maopopo hana a hiki ina ka pilikia ana o na moku koko poino.

anticoagulation koko

Ke kumu o keia'ōnaehana mea e hooponopono i ke koko clotting. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ina ua ole hooponopono i ke kaʻina hana, ka mea e alakai ai i ka hahau ana o ka nui aiiay kuleana pili i. Anticoagulant'ōnaehana ua nona i pale i ke kahua o ke koko clots no nā moku e thrombin hana wale ma luna o ka poino wahi. Eia hou, na anticoagulants ma ka ikaika wai a pau i ke koko ma ka counteracting i ka welelau o i (viscosity), a hanaʻia naʻe i ka wai.

Ma ka physiological iliwai, heparin, antithrombin, kumuʻiʻo, nā mea kūpale o nā kumumea (anticoagulants keia'ōnaehana) inhibit i ke kahua o ka fibrin, inhibit aggregation o erythrocytes, platelets a inhibit i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie meaola thromboplastin. Akā, e like me ka'ūhū ua kapaia koko clotting, a me ka mea o kona ai?

No ke aha la oe i pono ai, e hoike mai i ke koko clots ma ka coagulation'ōnaehana?

Ke kolu o ke keʻena o ka mea a pau me ka unahiʻole kaʻina hana o ke koko coagulation fibrinolytic nenoaiu. Kona kuleana pili i ka mea e hoike mai i na clots. Kēia kaʻina Ua koi 'ia ka wā o nā papa hana ua pau, a me ka ili honua o ka moku hoihoiia. Hemostasis ua hoʻopihapihaʻia ana, ina kēia mau eiiiiiaiou ekolu o ke koko coagulation'ōnaehana i sbalanstirovano. I ole ia he mea he haunaele ma ke kaʻina - ia paha e excessive kahe ana ke koko a me ka thrombosis. Oia "skewed" ma ka malama no ka akepaa, akemāmā, hikoko, coronary naau maʻi, rumatika a me nā pathologies.

Where clotting huli no?

Coagulation - keia loli, i ka huli ana o ke kinowai koko clot jelly 'ole. Me keia hiʻona, i ke kino hoopakele ia ia iho mai i ke kahe o ke koko. Inā ka poho mea uuku ipu clot ua hana (ka wā e hoʻomaka i ka hana'ūhū e kauoha ana i ke koko clotting) e hana like pani'ōmole i paipai 'ia ka hemostasis.

koko clotting ia lŘlŘ ma muli o ka kūikawā kahua, a pili ia i ka coagulation nā mea kūpale i, hoolilo o nā kumumea. An'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke clotting o ke koko, i hana mau. Nā mea kūpale hana he ana pololei i loko o kūlana ma:

• 1 pae. Ua hoʻomaka e hana heparin a me ka antiprotrombinaza.
• 2 pae. Ma ka hana e hele mai thrombin nā mea kūpale (fibrinogen, fibrin, pretrombin I a me II, thrombin hydrolytic huahana).

I loko o na maʻi i loko o ke kino e hana hou nā mea kūpale. No ka nui ka mea, e waiho ana no he mea pohihihi ana i ke'ūhū ke kumu koko clotting. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i kēia kaʻina komo ai na mea he nui kumumea oihana mua a me ka 'ona. Akā, a pau ka mea, ke hana nei ia lakou me kā lākou mau hana, ina ka'ūhū haalele i kona hiki hemostatics, a hiki loa i ka iki pōʻino i ka moku, e alakai i ka ona e kahe ana ke koko.

An'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko clotting

E kii mai i ka mea a mākou pono clotting'ōnaehana, manawa he wahi e hoolohe i kona physiological maomeka. He aha mea i ka inoa o ka'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke clotting o ke koko? Central i keia kaʻina ua thrombin mai i kaʻohana o ka trypsin. Iloko o Nine Inch reactions, ka mea hana ma ka fibrinogen e lilo fibrin i loko o laila. An'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko coagulation, fibrinolysis, a me ka loa regulates thrombosis, vascular leo. I ka ho okumu ana o ka'ūhū ia lŘlŘ i ka hoʻoʻino keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

Thrombin mai prothrombin ia lŘlŘ ma ka hope mua o ka coagulation. Thrombin paipai 'ia ka ho'ā hope o ka V, VIII, XIII clotting kumumea. Ua loaʻa hormonal waiwai koa wiwoʻole ka wā i hui 'ana me nā platelets a me endothelial keena. I ka wa i pili i ka thrombomodulin keia'ūhū aɃe, e huli aku ke koko.

Pae o ka hemostasis: i mea i ke kūlana o ke koko clotting'ūhū

A kūikawā hiʻona o ka hemostatic panina o ka moku poino. fibrin nā huakaʻi hoʻonui i ke kahua o ka thrombus, i a laila loaʻa iā ia kekahi koko astringent waiwai. He aha mea i ka inoa o ka'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke clotting o ke koko? Ka inoa ka mea i like loa me ka hua'ōlelo "koko clot" - thrombin. He mea mau makaukau i ka hana, a no ka 'aʻe' ana i, pili 'ana huli no. Hemostasis ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau kūlana:

1. Pae hanana prothrombinase. Ma keia ke kahua o ka hana'aʻaʻa a me ke koko nā'ūhū, ke kaʻina puka mai me kā lākou mau kumu i kekahi mau māmā holo. Koko prothrombinase ho okumu hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka prothrombinase'aʻaʻa ('aʻaʻa'ūhū haʻalele no kumumea ho okumu ana o ke koko'ūhū). Ma keia ua pae i ka pahale mawaho, a me ka lokoʻano papa hana o ke koko coagulation.
2. Pae o ka thrombin hanauna. Ma keia pae, loaʻa mākou i ka pane ana i ka ninau e pili ana ana i ke'ūhū ke kumu koko clotting. Prothrombin ua Wāwahi i māhele, a ua hana trombinaktiviruyuschee waiwai i stimulates a mea lapaʻau i ka kēia kūlana accelerin.
3. Pae hanana o ke fibrin. Thrombin (he'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko clotting) kanawai ma fibrinogen,'aminoʻakika cleavage ia lŘlŘ.
4. Kēia pae mea kūikawā ma i ka polymerisation o fibrin a me clot ho okumu.
5. Fibrinolysis. Ma keia pae hemocoagulation welau.

"Mawaho" phasing

Kēiaʻano papa hana ka loa huikau, a ma ka kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Mua, poino wahi ma ka hui 'ana me ke koko, thromboplastin ho'ā' ia ololi III. A laila, e pio VII (proconvertin) i loko o VII-A (Convertino). E like me ka hopena o keia naoh aicieeaao luna 'Ca ++ + III + VIIIa, haʻalele no ololi X, a me ia ua hoohuliia mai i Xa. E like me kaʻilihune no a pau na keʻano o ka hanaʻana ke hoala mai i kekahi luna, i mea a pau i nā hiʻona o ka'aʻaʻa prothrombinase. Alo Aeaaaiee Hōʻike alo aku o ka thrombin, ololi V-ho'ā 'ia paha. I'aʻaʻa prothrombinase pio prothrombin e thrombin. Kēia'ūhū ke kumu no ke koko coagulation ma ka ho'ā 'ia paha kumumea V a me VIII, ka mea i pono ai i ke ano o ke koko prothrombinase.

"Kūloko" ke koko clotting

Together me ka waho pahale clotting hoʻomaka. Leka me ka ole hapa o ka moku, haʻalele no ololi XII (XII - XIIa). Ma ka Ia manawa ia i hana hemostatic kui. ʻeleu XII haʻalele no ka ololi XI, ia lŘlŘ a laila XIIa + Ca ++ + XIa + III, i loli ai IX, a Hoʻololi 'ano he luna'. Ua haʻalele no X, a ma ia hope ikeia Xa + Aeaaaiee + Ca ++ + III, i mea he koko prothrombinase. Eia ka kekahi'ūhū ke kumu no ke koko clotting. Ka mahele i loko o "mawaho" a me "na" ka loa conditional, a ua hoʻohana 'ia wale nō i loko o nā hana koʻikoʻi a hanohano no ka pono, e like me kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loa pili loa ua hoʻopili.

Ke kūlana o ka coagulation kumumea i loko o ke kaʻina

Mākou i mai la mua i ke kaʻina hana o ka koko clotting mea ole me kekahi mau waiwai, i kapaʻia aʻe. Mau waiwai i inherently - wai koko nā polokina, a me ka 'inikua' epekema kapaʻia aʻe.

• Fibrin a me ka fibrinogen. Fibrinogen ua minimized ka wā o ka hana o ka thrombin.
• Thrombin a me ka prothrombin. Prothrombin mea he glycoprotein, ia mea nui ke koko, e hoʻolilo i ka fibrinogen i loko o fibrin. Thrombin - he'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko clotting, ia wale nō ko läkou 'o ka mea i hiki.
• Thromboplastin. Ua loaʻa he phospholipid 'ole, i ka hoʻomaka o ka ha awina. He He nui aku i komo i loko o ka loiloi mua pae.
• Ionized kalipuna Ca ++. 'Imi' oe e komo i loko o keʻano papa hana o ka homeostasis.
• Proaktselerin a accelerin (AC-globulin). Limahana i loko o nā kūlana clotting. Hōʻeleu i na mea he nui enzymatic keʻano o ka hanaʻana.
• Prokonvertina a me Convertino. Kēia kumuʻiʻo Hoʻokolohua-globulin mahele. Haʻalele no'aʻaʻa protombinazu.
• A Antigemofilichesky globulin (AGG-A). Member o ke koko prothrombinase. Ināʻaʻole kēia kumuʻiʻo, a laila ia e hoʻomōhala ana i hemophilia. Kona he uuku ka nui o ke koko, aka, ia mea e pōʻino ai kanaka.
• Antigemofilichesky globulin (AGG-V, Christmas ololi). Ka hōʻeleu a me activator X-ololi.
• Ololi Koller, puuku-Prauer ololi. I komo prothrombinase.
• Rosenthal ololi, wai koko thromboplastin, hoʻokomo (mahele). Ua hōʻeleu i ka muli o prothrombinase.
• papa ololi Hageman ololi. He pahu i ka clottingʻano papa hana. E komo i loko o ka ho'ā hope o nā aʻe.
• Fibrinstabilizator Laki-Lorand. Pono i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o insoluble fibrin.

A pau kēia mau kumumea mea e pono ai no ka pono clotting ka wā kēia kaʻina ia lŘlŘ koke a me ka maiau, me ka hoohele i ke kanaka kino i excessive kahe o ke koko.

Keʻano papa hana o ka ho okumu ana o thrombi

Hoihoi hou ia ana o ka pōʻino, ua make moku, aole ia i hoʻomaka ai somehow, e komo ai i ka puu o ka waiwai i i kauoha ma ka hoʻokō i kā lākou mau hana. Ke ae pā o kēia kaʻina moe ana ma ka mea i loaʻa i irreversible coagulation nā polokina a me ke koko corpuscles keena. i pili koko clots i ka moku paia i ka wa a ka clot i hui ai i ka moku, he hou disconnection 'aʻole i kānāwai.

A i kekahi moku ua poino, kona mea hanohano i ka waiwai, ka hoʻopukaʻana i ka inhibition o coagulation keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Platelets e hoʻololi, a lukuia, kūpono i ka haalele procoagulants koko: thromboplastin a me ka thrombin, he'ūhū mea e hookomo ana i ke koko clotting. Ma lalo o ka hana o ka fibrinogen i fibrin, a i ke ano o ka maka aha, a o ke kumu o ke koko clot. Kēia hei no kekahi manawa i anuanu. Ma keia kahua, i ke kahua o ke koko clots welau, i ke koko hoʻi i kāpiliʻia.

Coagulation manawa me ka PAaIEN o'ūhū hana

Manawa mai ka ino, a no ka pau ana i ke kahe ana ke koko i mau a hiki i eha minuke. Ke'ūhū ke kumu no clotting o ke koko i loko o 10 minuke. Kēia manawa, e eʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o ka hihia, ina he mea ole ka haunaele ma ka nui nenoai komo i loko o ke kaʻina. Akā, ua loohia i kekahi ma i ka clotting kaʻina ua ka meheu o ia paha i hiki 'ole. Oia pilikia pathologies i hemophilia, mimikō a me na mea e ae.

Ke komo 'ana o ka ua'emi'ōnaehana ma ke kaʻina

I ka eha i, i ke kino e hoouna i kaʻeha neaiaea i ka lolo. Pain alters keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Kēiaʻano o ka stimulus kōkua e hōʻeleu i clotting. I ka eha ololi ua hou i ka makau i hou aku maoli o ka hana o ka thrombin a me ka coagulation. Inā ka eha e hana i ka pōkole manawa, i ke koko clotting'ūhū thrombin hana ai i ka hoʻi i ka maʻamau nui wikiwiki, i ka mea ia manawa komo wale i ka reflexʻano papa hana. Hooloihiiaʻeha a hoʻohuiʻia ka humoralʻano papa hana o ke koko clotting,'aʻaʻa hoola ana mea nui ke kua'āina.

I ka wa olohelohe ia lakou i ka mea aloha o nā aʻalolo a ma hope o ka ka pahu kui o ka adrenaline clotting, piʻi pū. Oiai ka hopena ma luna o ka parasympathetic nā aʻalolo 'ūlōlohi mai ana kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Oihana hana pu a kākoʻo kekahi i kekahi. Ma hope o noho i ke koko, maoli i ka ha awina o ka parasympathetic oihana, i ka poʻea pau i ka ha awina protivosvertyvaniya.

Ke endocrine'ōnaehana e kōkua hemostasis

A pau na nā loko a pau a hiki i ka endocrine'ōnaehana, ua nui loa i loko o kā lākou mau hana. Hormones mea he nui ikaika ia ma luna o ke kino o ka'ōnaehana. Hōʻeleu i ke kaʻina hana o ke koko coagulation hormones e like me ACTH, ulu hōmona, adrenalin, cortisone, testosterone, progesterone. Na retarding kanawai ma ka hemostasis hoakakaia ma: thyroid-noho haumāna kahi hōmona, thyroxin a me ka estrogen. Inā e kue ana i ka functioning o hormones i e loli ma ke kaʻina hana, a hiki i complications mea, a e ke kūkākūkā me ka hoʻomalu.