Khanate - he ano o ke aupuni. Ma ke poo o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana e Hagan, a ma kekahi o na ano o keia inoa, "ka Khan o Khan." Ka manawa i mua i oleloia ma ka pili ana me na kahiko Mongolianʻohana Xianbi nomads.
Mua mai China
Ma ka III kenekulia BC mai ke kuikahi kahiko i kapaia "Dungu", i hanaʻia i loko o kahi o 1100 BC, ka mea Nāna e koho i kekahi o na ohana. Ua kapaia New 'ē aʻe no ka ekolu kenekulia ma naʻano likeʻole, a ma ka 330 hele mai rouran khaganate. Kēia moku'āina, i hana i ka ohana Xianbi, mau ae la ia a hiki i 555 makahiki. I ka 402, hoomaka iho la mua o nā mea a pau i ka luna o ka ohana Zsuzsanna, e kapa ana ia ia iho i ka Kagan, pela e pili ana i ka hou inoa o ka mea Kiekie alii. E like me kekahi mana o ka moolelo, ua kumuhana i ka inoa o ka ohana i ia mea he contemptuous inoa kapakapa hāʻawiʻia iā ia ma ka Pākē. Zsuzsanna - lohi crawling a kolo. Ia mea i kahaha ko oukou naau i makemake mau kanaka e e kuokoa. Ma keia hihia, Khanate - he kuikahi o ka ohana Zsuzsanna, ka mea hoi ua he confederation.
ikaika moku'āina
A i ka hoʻomaka o ka VI kenekulia, mai keia hoʻonaʻauao, ma ka huli, i hoʻokaʻawale i ka ohana, i makemake e e kuokoa. Ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka Avar Khanate, i ola no ka 823 a hiki i 562 makahiki. I ka mokuna o keia-lā Solowakia a me Croatia, Romania a me Hungary, Serbia, a Ukraine ua like me ka wahi o ka moku'āina ma muli Hagan Bojan I. Aka, i loko o 555 iʻikeʻia ka Avars like Kauai hoomaau nomadic kanaka pio e haʻalele i nā steppes o komohana aneea oneiaey, a neʻe i ke keʻena kapa o ka Volga. A i loko o nā makahiki 565-566, ua hoʻokōʻia i ke kūkulu'ākau Carpathians ka mea, hoopio i ke alii o ka Frank Sigebert I, aiʻulupā i kona poe koa. Wā i ai walawala ai ma keia mea, i ka Avars wahi i ka haawina o ke kilokilo. I loko o kona heyday Avar Khanate'ō, mai ka Black kai a hiki i ka Adriatic, a me ka Alpino i ka Elbe. Mai ia mana Avars hiki aku la i ka poe naauao, a me ka paakiki rula loea alakaʻi Boyan I, ka mea i alii iho la oia i ka aina mai kona inception i loko o 562 a me kona make ana i ka 602. ka maalea a me ka cynical alakaʻi, me ka hoʻokūoʻo kahunapule,ʻo ia loli allies, luku holoʻokoʻa kanaka, e hoʻokō i ko lakou mau pahu hopu, a like me ka hopena i hiki i ka Byzantine ia Auguseto ko Tiberio II e uku aku i ka waiwai auhau i ka ia. Khanate - heʻoʻoleʻa dictatorship, a me Hagan - ka mō'ī i loko o medieval nomadic luna kiʻekiʻe, ka mea, me kekahi kapu no e loa ka mana a pau.
I ka haule ana o ka colossus
Ma ka like ana o ka moolelo o ka wā kahiko, he mea mau i kekahi mau manao ma ka mea hookahi pukana. Penei, he ulia pakalaki wahi i 'okoʻa ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu: he mongolojazychnym, i'Ilana-lingual, ka Tureke. Me ka Poeikohoia o ka hulikoehana kula ma Hungary, i loko o kona palena ka Avar Khanate, o ka hapa nui o ka Avars i Europeoids a wale i ka mea uuku stratum - i ka Mongoloid. Akā, i kēia hapa o ka heluna kanaka he kūlana Hoʻohaku Ua pâʻani 'o ia, ua he waiwai Avar moku'āina. Ua hiki e ea ae ia me ka poeikohoia o ka rula ana waiwai i ole assimilate me ka lanakila kanaka. Pū kekahi,ʻaʻohe ka mua pio o ka Avars i loaa mai ma Constantinople i ka 626. Koke mai o ka Khanate lilo hookaawale kanaka ohana - ka mua holo Kutrigurs kēia Bulgarians. I ka 631, Khan Alcek, i ka wā e hiki mai ma luna o Great Pulakalia hooki mai i mai Kaganate i kona pūʻali kaua ma hope o ka ho'āʻo ole e hopu mana. Next Avars wale hoomalu aku, a kuemi hope. Mai Dalematia Croats pau ka ia i loko o ka makahiki 640. Dobila Khanate Franco-Avar War, a mau ae la ia no ka lōʻihi manawa. Ua ku ae la a pau hookauwa kanaka. A me ka hope, i ka i koho māhele Pannonia Avars ma ka Frank, alai ae ma ka Hagan ua bapetizoia i ka 899 makahiki hoopio iho la ia Hungarians. Avars loa oki e nei. Nalowale kekahi manawa ikaika moku'āina, a noho iho la ma kahi o 3.5 kenekulia.
Polity loa ikaika Kaganates
Ke ninau aicieeaao, i mea no ka Khanate, pehea ia hana, no ke aha la nalo, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO me ka makehewa. Interestingly, ka Hagan - i ke kanaka, nana i ua a laila loa mana, koho ma ke aupuni a pau. Ke Khazar Khaganate a me Aavrskom i ka luna ua Viceroy tudun waihoia mai me Luna,ʻaha hui a me ka kalaiaina oihana, a me ka yugur, a ua paha i ke kahuna nui. I ka waiwai auhau ohi aliʻi - Tarkhans. A ma hope o lākou, i loko o ka luna kiʻekiʻe, tribal 'lii a pau, i hoʻokani kūlana nui i loko o ka' ole o ke aupuni. Ka mea, Ua lawe aku lakou a me ko lakou poe kanaka, mai ka Khanate. Malia paha i ka ke kumu, a nalowale, mai ke alo mai o ka Honua i ka noho ana i ua nunui-lāhui.
Kekahi Turkish moku'āina
Turgesh he nui loa - mai ka mua a hiki i ka waena o ka VIII kenekulia. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kenekulia alakaʻi Turgeshes Ushlik hioloʻana Chinese alii kiaaina, a koi e hoʻoponopono Hagan China. He i kona kapikala kulanakauhale Suyab, a ua i kona kumu pili. All hou ?? eoi? Kaganate me 20 wahi huahelu, kela mea keia mea o ka i ua aia ma ka 7 tausani kānaka. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'o ka mau o ka Pākē'āina, a hohola mai Beshbaliq a hiki i Tashkent. I ka makahiki 705 no ka mea, o ka make māinoino o ka hopu ma na Arabia o ka aina kaganat oia i kuikahi me Kina, a haawi i ka ¶ʻO'Araba koa. Na kēia poʻe aliʻi - Corey, Zheng, Great Suluk, ma lalo a hiki i ka zenith Khanate, alakai aku i ka holomua kaua me ka Arabia, a me Kina. Akā, ma hope o ka pepehi kanaka o Suluk mana hoomaka ae la e hoopahee aku, mai na lima mai o kona mau hope, e noho Kutsha a Baga-Tarhan, Bilge a me Tengri-Ilmysh - hope Hagan, kona make turgesh oki i nei. Noho iho la na malihini o ka State me Sogdian palapalaia maluna penei, ka mineta ma lalo o kēia mau luna.
Hou ma ke kahua o ka wa kahiko
Iki hou ola Hawaiian Tyurkskiy Kaganat. Ke poʻo i ke kulanakauhale o Balik-Orda. I ka moolelo o keia nomadic moku'āina hoomaka ma ka 603, ma hope o ka'opi o ka Turkic khanate i loko o Western a me ka Hawaiian māhele. No ka ekolu makahiki, me ka lānai hou i hana East Khanate, a i kekahi e like me ka palena o Kina, alakai aku me ia kona kulana he kaua holomua, akā, i loko o 630, o ka aina i ma hou ma Turkic aupuni a pau. 50 makahiki ma hope kipi Kok-o Tureke, i kūpono i ka hoihoi hou ia Hikina khanate ma lalo o ka hou inoa - Kok-Tureke. A me ka hou, i kona mau koa i hao i ka poe kaua o ke kokoke Kina - i ka makahiki 686 ma Xinzhou, 694 - kokoke Linchzhou. Mahele Qapagan Mochur Hagan, ka mea i alii iho la oia mai ka 693 a hiki i 716 makahiki, ana ma China i ka makahiki 698, a luku aku la i ka imperial hao wale. E hahai aku ia ia 6 na luna e like me ka pomaikai ua i loaʻa. A ma hope, Kulun-bek, Khanate i ka 745 poʻe hao wale, i pepehi ai ka poʻe hao wale Uighur Khan e holoi oe-Chura. Kok-Tyurkskiy Kaganat wahi o 4 milionaʻahā like kilomika, i hanaʻia i loko o 682, oki iho la ia nei.
New ikaika ka hoʻonaʻauao
Karluk Khanate, a ku ae la o 11 makahiki ma hope o ka'opi o ka Kok-Tureke - i Turkic moku'āina, a me ka mea ola no ka 940 a hiki i 756 makahiki. Ka wahi noho ma ia mau mea, i ka wa komo pū ma waena o ISSYK-Cool a Balkhash mai meakino Syr Daria i Dzhungarskiy Tau. Ie mea i loko o ka laulā o kēia aneea oneiaey. Karluk Khanate aʻa ulu mai o ke komohana hapa o ka disintegrated hookahi (i ka 603) o ka Turkic Hawaii. Oiai ka kekahi wā ma lalo o ka aoao ikaika o Kina, i ka hoʻomaka o ka VIII kenekulia ka Karluk (nā kānaka o kēia mau wahi) hoʻomaka i ka gradual Polenekia i ke komohana. About ia ike hope V kenekulia. Ua hoi multibreeding kaiāulu - i loko o lākou haku mele 'ana hui i ka VII kenekulia, ohana e like me aoeae, chigil a me Tashlyk. Ma ke ala o ka mea kēia mau pūʻulu noho ikaika wā e hiki hou Kaganate lanakila kekahi mau nui lanakila. No laila, ka mea kokua i ka Arabia i loko o 751 lanakila 'ana ma Talas, a Atlahskoy (Talas awāwa Atlah kulanakauhale), i ke kaua e ku e ia China (Tangʻana). Ka mea, kaua a me ka hikina Turkic Khaganate. Akā, me ka mana o Karluk, ka poe i ike aku ai, i ole mau loa. Ua Uaʻoi aku ko lākou hoʻokemuʻia e kekahi hoʻonaʻauao Turkic - hikina Turkestan, ke kāʻili 'ana i o 940, ke kapikala o Karluk Khanate Balasgun. Eia naʻe, hapa o ka heluna kanaka e hoʻokele i pakele ma ka muliwai A, o ka lōʻihi ma kaʻehiku muliwai, kahi a lakou i hana i ka hou ana i kapaʻia Karluk Khanate. Ua lilo iho la i ke kulanakauhale nui, Kaylaka.
Ke kaumaha hopena
Ma ka ninau o mea ka Khanate, pane mea ia ia mea hoʻokahi wale nō Asiatic ano o ke aupuni. Wahi ma Europa a me Amerika i ike ole e mamua e like ai me ka ho okumu. Ma Asia, ua hala loa ka hailona - ua hiki he Russian Khanate i loko o ka Lower Don. He, nui, oki iho la ia nei i loko o ka waena o ka IX kenekulia. Like mōʻaukala E hoike mai, he unlucky ano o ke aupuni - Ua luku a pau kaganats, a me na kanaka nalowale ole kumumea ole ia ka pono i waena o nāʻohana, e like me ka Khazars, a me ka Avars. Akā, me ka manaʻo nui o ka Turkic Huipuia mea pilikia e overestimate. Aie i ka oihana? Anoe o ka moʻomeheu hikina i waiwai ma na e piʻi like ana o ka maikai ana kahiko o ke Kaiwaenahonua. He nuiʻohana mai o Kina, a kiʻi iā Western 'Eulopa, ma ke alanui assimilated me na hakahaka e ola ana o kēia mau lāhui kanaka.