Kia i Ivanu Groznomu: ano, mōʻaukala a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Ivan Grozny - heʻano controversial huahelu i loko o ka moʻolelo o ko mākou moku'āina. Ma ka kekahi lima, keia mea he akamai aliʻi, hihio strategist, akamai politician a me ka loea kākau moʻolelo. Ma ka 'ē aʻe - he misogynist, he hoʻomäinoino a me ka synoubiytsa. A hiki i keia manawa i ka wahine paha, o Ivan IV Ua pio wale nō ma ka pena a me sculptures o kaulana Artists. Akā, ua ka manao e kukulu i kekahi kia Ivanu Groznomu i loko o Rusia i kekahi mau makahiki aku nei. Aha i hele mai mai o ia, ua aʻo ma.

Ka helehelena Ivana Groznogo

Mai palapala kumu i ka i hele mai ia i ko makou mau lā, he mea hiki ole ke hoʻoponopono i ke ano o ka mea mua Lūkini tsar. Ka mea, olelo wale no mau - lōʻihi, hohonu-i mau maka, a me ka shapely huahelu. Mākou a pau e hoomanao i ka decrepit kahiko ke kanaka me ka pena Vasnetsov "Ivan Grozny e pepehi i kana keiki." Akā, no laila, e ho i ka artist ma ka pau ana o kona ola ana, a me keia luna i kiʻiʻo ia ke hoʻowahāwahā i ka hana.

The State Russian Museum ma St. Petersburg mālama keleawe kiʻi kaula Ivana Groznogo, i ma ka artist Mark Matveevich Antakolskim. Ua ua i loa pololei ma luna o ia mau mea i hōʻike, a i ikeia ma ka pau ana o ka 19th kenekulia. Kia i Ivanu Groznomu pono e loa kūlike loa, ai ole pehea e hoolilo aku i ka nui o na mamo o ka mōʻaukala kiʻi?

Wale nō i loko o ka hapalua like-iwakalua kenekulia, nä känaka 'epekema M. M. Gerasimovym i hoomakaukau hou i mea koe o ke alii ka i koe iho no ka autopsy.

Ka mua manaʻo no ka hana ana i ke kia

Ma ke kulanakauhale o Lyubimov Yaroslavl māhele i ka manao, e kūkulu i ka mua kia Ivanu Groznomu. Ka moʻolelo o kona deplorable. I ka 2005, ua makaukau e? Ii i ka papahana kumumanao, a apono lilo e like intervened Archbishop o Yaroslavl māhele i nā luna. He hoopii i ka lehulehu Ka Loio Hoʻopiʻi a me ka pekelala nana me ka noi, e pale aku i ke kukulu o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo, mai ke kiʻi o Ivana Groznogo ua pili me ka aggression i waena o nā kupa a me ka oolea, a hiki i ka loli worsening o ka hewa kulana. No ke aha la e noho ana ma kekahi kaona liʻiliʻi, noʻonoʻo ana ka mua Lūkini tsar, e hou pepehi a me ka kūlanakauhale, Uaʻike. Akā, papa kiʻekiʻe'ōnaehana ua makau o ka hopena, a no ka pa ahau i ka papahana.

Ua 'oe a mau loa aku haohao o ke Alii i mamao, aohe kia hoʻomanaʻo i ke alii nui? No ke aha lā i ka mea hoʻonoho o ke kia Ivanu Groznomu ma Russian - ua ka manaʻo i waho wale i kekahi mau makahiki aku nei? A me ke kūkākūkā i kēia pukana i ole haule mālie. Kekahi hapalua o ke kaiāulu no ka makemake e ike i ka maka o ke alii mua, i ka wā o ka 'ē aʻe expresses kona categorical "ole."

Ivan Grozny a me ke kia hoʻomanaʻo "Ka Wā Kaukani o Rusia"

Kekahi o ka loa pinepine ia noi nīnau ma Veliky Novgorod: no ke aha la ke kia hoʻomanaʻo "Ka Wā Kaukani o Rusia" mea ole Ivana Groznogo? Ua, kēia kiʻi kaula - i keʻano o nā mea a pau nui, a hiki i ka ikaika Russian aupuni a pau. Ua depicts na kii mai kekahi o ka'āina: no ka nui na'lii, nä känaka 'epekema, mea aʻo, kākau moʻolelo, koa luna a me nā koa. Ua Ivan Grozny aole e pono ia ia ma luna o ka par me ia? Pela hoi, aole oi kahaha ko oukou naau o ia ka makua kāne Ivan IV - Ivan Iii ma ke kia ma laila. Ka pane i kēia mau nīnau moe i loko o nā hanana i i wahi i ka 1570.

Novgorod a oprichnina

I ka 1569, he pae ana o kanaka o Novgorod ma lalo o ke kauoha o kaʻino a me ka Skuratov hoomakaukau ka pīhoihoi hana malu e kū'ē i ke aliʻi, ke AIM o ka a ua, e wehe i mai ia ia, mai ka noho aliʻi. Weliweli manawa o ka papa ua vague, wahi - mau mea e kukaʻi, a kīmopō ho'āʻo. A aʻo i ke alii no ia. Akā,ʻo ia i i hoopai aku koke na perpetrators, a me kino i hele i Novgorod, a i ka "alo alii", a pepehi i nā aliʻi o ke kūlanakauhale. Ke alii akea hana a me instigators a me ka poe a pau i mea i komo i loko o kēia. A ua nui loa sadistic ka pepehi kanaka 'ana i kūpono, e loli ai i na wahine, na keiki, a me nā kūpuna. ka huhū o ke aliʻi ka pepehi ole wale ma Novgorod ka Nui, akā, i loko o nā monasteries a puni ke kulanakauhale. Orgy mau ae la ia i ka lōʻihi eono pule. Iloko o keia manawa, i ke kulanakauhale i mea ilihune. Ua Ua lilo kona mua nui me he kikowaena o ka oihana a me ka nohona kuʻuna. Ma hope iho o kēia mau lono kaumaha hanana Novgorod aole loa e lilo i ka nui, aʻaʻole loa e kala mai i kona alii olalo i pepehi kanaka.

Ua mea hiki, e ho'āpono aku i kaʻino o ke aliʻi?

He aha makemake e pono no kekahi mea Grozny, e hoomanao mau ia ia wale nō ka mea ino kanaka. He ua ka pā like ana o ke kanaka kanaka. No ke aha la e hana ana i kekahi ke hoole i ia ma Grozny noho i ka mana nui, no ka mea, ināʻaʻole i kona lima napoo, ke aupuni makemake e nenelu ma internecine na kaua, a me ka makemake i ua looted ma ka hoalauna mana? Ināʻaʻole no kona nā mea hoʻololi a me nā koa lanakila, a koe ole he pomaikai i loko o nā makahiki e hele mai ana. Akā nō he mau piʻi like mae wale o loko o ka hoomanao ana o ka poe i kona wā, a me ka poe i uhi mōʻaukala hanana.

E mai hoole ka manawa i nā rula o ke alii. Ka mea, ua ka Dark mau loa, nationwide uprisings, e lawe ana i ka lukuia, a me ka ilihune. Makuahine a me ka mua wahine iʻapu kōheoheo Emperor iho ua ola mau kīmopō ho'āʻo. Ivanu Groznomu i ke kauaʻano pākīkē ki ina hana like, e mea wale nō no ka mea, ma ia manawa ka mea, ua hiki i ka subordinate na kanaka. Luahi o ka lalau wale, i lilo ai, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 10 tausani Lūkini poe kanaka. Akā, e hiki mai no ia e hoopai ia me ka ike ole i ka maoli kahua o ia manawa. A ina o ka poʻe uʻi a ua? Paha ole, o ka oi aku ina ke kālailai i nā hana o kekahi aliʻi'ē aʻe o nā'āina, nāna i alii iho la oia a puni ka ia manawa.

Europa ka hoao ana

Ma Europe i loko o ka hapalua like 16th kenekulia, i na manawa a pau i ka pono. Wale kekahi St. a me Baretolomaio hoʻomanaʻo ma ka hanauna e hiki mai me ka laʻana o ka hoomainoino a me ka wanton ikaika. Nā organizers o ka hooko weliweli ua ka Palani Korol Karl IX, a me kona makuwahine Ekaterina Medichi. Hoʻomaloka ka mea i kauoha e pepehi, a kuni i ka mea pololei i ko lakou mau wahi i noho ai ma ka waenakonu o ka po. Ma kēia lā weliweli pepehi 30 tausani kanaka, a me ia mea ma mua o i pepehi Ivanom Groznym i loko o nā makahiki he umi o kona noho alii ana mau manawa hou aku.

Ke kua'āina uprising ma Kelemania, i loko o nā makahiki 1524-1526 pepehi oi ma mua o 100 tausani kanaka. E like me na kauoha o ka hooko ana o Hōlani Duke o Alba, a me ka hapanui o nā kānaka ola i wale kipaku mai o ka aina. Mea weliweli nui a pau ma luna o kēia kāʻei kua e, aole ia i nana ai scary.

Ivan Grozny a me ke kulanakauhale o Orel

Keia makahiki i ke kulanakauhale ma ka Oka River ua hauʻoli o kona 450th lā hoʻomanaʻo. I 1566th ma na kauoha o Ivana Groznogo ka pohaku mua i waiho 'aneʻi, a ia i ka hanau ana o kekahi meaʻuʻuku hooponopono, a nui mai i ka nani a me ka maʻemaʻe kulanakauhale. Ma ka hanohano o keia hanana, ua manaoia i nā activists, e kukulu i ke kia Ivanu Groznomu ma Orel. E like me ka mana, i ke kala no na kia, ua hâʻawi waleʻia i nā pāʻoihana, a me ka Bedroom ia i kana a ka denari.

Ke hou kia Ua manao ia e weheia August 3, 2016 ma ka hookahakaha o ka Day o kaʻaeto. Akā, na kanaka i kekahi maoli hālāwai hoʻeuʻeu, a uaʻula a ka hanana i 16 September. manao o ke kia Ivanu Groznomu ma Orel i kākoʻoʻia o ka Heihei Hoewaʻa o Moscow, a pau Rusia Kirill. Ke kiaaina, a me ke kākoʻo o ia kiʻekiʻe mea i aʻo mai ai, e hana eono sculptors.

No Ivana Groznogo - 155 ka nānā 'ana i loko o Nimes. Ia mea,ʻaʻole wale nō o kaʻaeto, akā, i ka nui kanaka ioauoa like Ufa a me Cheboksary. A e hoomanao oe i pono ia. Kēia i ke akea hai aku i ka makua'lii, ka poe i? Oaony e immortalize i ka hoomanao ana o ke aliʻi i loko o ke keleawe mua.

Kēia hui kūkāʻana ma luna o ke kia Ivanu Groznomu

He nui ka poe e noho ana seriously hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana e pili ana i ke kumu aeto kia Ivanu Groznomu. E ku e ia ia, i hana ia ma na activists o ka kūloko keaka (ma ke kahua kokoke i ka hale aliʻi o ka moʻomeheu pono Transcend i ke ano o ke alii), ka Liberal (KS) o ka kūloko aoao "Yabloko", e like me ka US Air Max Channel. Soulmates hui ma ka pūʻulu, e ho okumu ana i kaiaulu ma ka lawelawe latike, inciting kanaka. Ke Kiaaina ua 'īnea nei e hoopau i ka mea, stressing ana pela uku auhau Ivanu Groznomu like me ka mōʻaukala kanaka, i hoʻokumu o ke kūlanakauhale,ʻaʻole he koko hoʻomäinoino. Paha keia kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o Orel e ia i ka luawai mua a me ka manao ana ma laila e e kekahi kia Ivanu Groznomu ma Moscow, ia mea i pono, a me ka hoi hou pela.

Kapaau ma Vladimir

E like me hōʻikeʻia e nā luna o ka Vladimir māhele, 6 August 2016 pohaku i waiho ia no ka mea hoʻonoho o kekahi kia o Ivanu Groznomu. Ia e ke kai piha ma ke alo o kona noho ana ma ka Alexander hooponopono ana i loko o ka Vladimir māhele 'āina. Ka papahana o ka ekolu-mika kia ua hana Vasiliem Selivanovym, a, e noho makaukau ma November. Opening ua hoʻopaʻa 'ia no ka National ke kuʻikahi, Day.

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Alexander Sloboda i ka noho ana o Ivan ka weliweli i loko o ka loa e makau ai manawa. Ua i 'aneʻi, ua pau i ka unification o ka aina, a i kona hale me ka mea e like me ka poʻo. No ka lōʻihi manawaʻo ia i noho ai iʻaneʻi me kona ohana a me kanaka. Nani hale i kūkulu ia me kona makua kāne Ivan papahana ma ka maikai loa Lūkini, a Italian poe paahana nana i hana ana i ka Moscow Kremlin.

Ma ka Alexander Kremlin mea a pau kalaiaina halawai me na elele o Kuekene, Denmark, ka Polish-Lituania mokuaina a me Europa,'āina'ē aʻe. He mai 'aneʻi neʻe i ke Auguseto, e kaua aku i ka noa Novgorod a me ia mea iʻaneʻi, e like me ke kaʻao, ua tragically pepehi i ke keiki a ka mea mua Lūkini tsar. A, he manaolana i ke kia, e ia Ivanu Groznomu, ināʻaʻole i loko o Orel, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i loko o Aleksandrov.