MANPADS "Igla":ʻano, kiʻi, noi

Kela manawa, ka manawa o ke Kaua Honua II maunakea dominance ma luna o ka hale kiaka o ke kaua uaʻano nui. Hoikehonua, nui koa hana pū 'oe me ka hoʻohana' ana o nā haneri o ka mokulele, me unmanned. E LIKE i ka make māinoino o ka lewa hoʻohana ea pale nenoai a me Kao lele lako kaua iho, a OAOOUIEeE e like me ka loina o ka hana, i ka pono ka ke kahahńnai a me ka loa o ka hoʻoneʻe. I ka 70 makahiki, he nui ākea wearable lawe ea pale nenoai ke hoʻololi e ee i ka hanaʻino mai tactical maunakea waiwai, i keia poe e hoouka helicopters, mokulele, pepehi mokulele a me UAVs.

Ma ka Lūkini Army ninoieo o MANPADS "Igla". Kēia mea kaua i ke kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana, hoʻopaʻa ma ka hana o ka hakakā i (no laila, a hiki wale nō haole koa), ia mea oluolu i ka hoʻohana, ike loea, kŘpa a uuku ka nui a me ke kaumaha.

MANPADS i loko o ka USSR

? Ac? O na wahi lulu Anati-mokulele Kao lele lako kaua nenoai me ka hiki, e ho'āla ai i kekahi mea lele pololei mai i ka'ūhā mua i hoomaka ai i loko o ka USSR i ka mua. Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o na 60s Soviet kaua i mau ke ano o ka lawe ea pale Kao lele lako kaua'ōnaehana ( "pua" a me "pua-2"). Kēia mea kaua he lehulehu pono, i waena o ka poʻe i noho:

- ka koke helehelena o ke ea pale nenoai ma wahi, kahi a ka enemi mokulele ma mua o ka make māinoino ua i ikeia;

- i ka hiki i ka pa a ke ku pale ma nui mamao (ma 4 km) a me ke kiekie e like me ia i i loa pinepine i "hana" ma ka lepo, pale pepehi mokulele ( "Skyhawk", "Phantom" a me "Skayrayder") - mai ka 1500 a hiki i 3000 mika;

- kokololio ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka ua kauohaʻia kulana;

- na mea noi a me ka aʻo ana o nā limahana, a me na aina e;

- ka pili compactness;

- naau kupono i pili i ka papaa, a me ka halihali ana.

I loko nō o ka hakakā kiʻekiʻe ano he mauʻawaʻawa loa minute, no ka i koa akamai i nema aku MANPADS "Strela". "Needle" Ua hoʻololi i kaʻoi loa ma ka mea e lanakila i ka pilikia.

Lanakila pono ma hope, a i

I ka papa kuhikuhiE drawback o "pua" i loko o kā lākou hana, e ku pale ma hope o ka mea hoomau aku no e hūnā ma hope o kekahi mea. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO he enemi mokulele hiki e pana ia ma hope o ka hoʻokō 'ana o ka bombing a Kao lele lako kaua volley wale. O ka holo ana, "hoopai aku" i ka pale kaua, ua i loko ina o ka Anati-mokulele gunners lakou ola. "Pua" hiki lanakila i ka alualu, a me ka poʻe koa koi kaua i hiki ku i ka hoomaau Kekoa ma ka hookui ana me ka olioli, mua mai Loaʻaʻia piʻi.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka hehee ai o ke kähähä, ka mea, ua hiki ke holomua ma muli naʻe o keia manao flaw - "iʻa" o kaʻenemi, a ma o na la, kipi o ka lāʻau i ka overflying mokulele, koe unnoticed. No laila, i ka makahiki 1969, no Aigupita lākou poʻe kaua massively hoʻohana i ka lawe luna ' "Strela-2"ʻIseraʻela "Phantom", holo i loa haʻahaʻa altitudes, pepehi eono o ia no ka lā. Akā, i kaʻenemi mea hiki ke aʻo, hoi koke mai i ka laulā o Soviet MANPADS hoole mai, eia nae ko lakou mau pomaikai i nō koe unquestionable. Ka mea, i ka manaʻoʻike hopena, hahau i kaʻenemi pailota i mau e holo ana mai ka mea uuku i ka nui kiʻekiʻe, aole loa e manao ana palekana. A nae ka mea, ua pono, e imi i ka oaoieei-uea, e hālāwai me ke kui iho, aole i ka hope.

Aupuni 'oihana SP Invincible

Kekahi keakea i uluhia e "pua" a i imi iho e pale i ke kanaka haku o MANPADS "Igla", ua he nele i ka pahū mana kaua poo. Aʻole a pau hitting i ka pale a hiki i kumu hoʻomalu kona luku, a hiki ma o na la nui poino. Vitality stormtroopers hoala mai ai, i ka kīʻamo i loko i kiki Kao lele lako kaua me ka thermal poo alakaʻi, i ka mea e hiki ke ku imua o kiʻekiʻe thermal a me ka baric 'ole, a me ka mokulele pinepine i ka manawa, e hoʻi i ko lākou mau kumu, a laila, hana hou i hou posed ka hoʻoweliweli'. O Nyos a me ka hope o "blurring" ka mokulele hēkī kahe makani nalu a me na kumu muaʻino wale i. Me keia ka mea, ua pono, e hana i kekahi mea.

I ka makahiki 1971, i ka Soviet aupuni hoʻoholo e hookupaa nui ae i ka hou eiiieaen, ke hiki, e kaua aku me ka loa kēia a me ka nui i ia manawa ma ka mea o ka lewa maluna tactical ilikai, a hiki i ka Loaʻaʻia enemi. Kolomenskoye 'enekinia, i manao ai Buro i ka makua poʻe, e pili hana hana ma ka' ē aʻe i ka hoʻolālā (CDB i hoʻomākaukauʻia, Research Institute no ana mea , a me ka Leningrad ē aʻe Lomo). Ke alakaʻi nui o ka lānai hou ulu loa maoli ai lilo Academician SP Invincible. Ua kapaʻia ka mea hou kaua MANPADS "Igla". E i nā 'ano (i ka pale umauma hoʻokahi māmā holo, a me ka pahiki o ka luku kiʻekiʻe), e like me ka noi o ke aupuni, me ka nui loa outperformed "pua-3' (hope nā loli).

Maalea i ka mea akamai

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Kanal no ka mākaʻana Anati-mokulele Kao lele lako kaua i mea maʻa mau, ua noʻonoʻo i ka wela kumumea koe engine o ka mokulele. Kēia hana o ka hoomaopopo ana i ka olelo o ka lele ua kŘpa a na mea, akā, ka mea, he mau flaws nui. Koke ma hope o ka hihia mua o ka hoʻokō pono o ka mokulele e kū'ē i ikea na manao ona manao e alakai hewa thermal Radar nenoai ho i pana Pyrocartridges e ho okumu i ka wahaheʻe ka pale kaua. Ka mea, ua Nolaila hoʻoholo e iai? Oaiaaou MANPADS "Igla" pālua-wai welaʻula alakaʻi poo, i hoʻolako pono me photodetectors. ? Ac? O ka'ōnaehana i hiki maopopo ma waena o kekahi maoli pelane ma ka thermal wela kumumea "pahele", lohi no keuʻehiku makahiki, akā, ua hoʻokuʻikahi. Ua hoao iho la e technically paʻakikī, e lawa i ka hōʻike i ka papa kuhikuhiE photodetector ma hope o ka unuhi ana i ka mea lele i loko o ke kī pūʻana kulana ua ho'ēmi ai i ka loa haʻahaʻa wela kokoke i ka loa 'Aʻohe (-200 ° C). E like me ka hopena o kēia mau hoʻoikaikaʻana, ka mea 'akomi nenoaia, i hoʻolako pono me ke kūpili, hoʻohālikeʻana i kaʻikepili o na nā mea e loaʻa ka mea nalo elua. A ina o ka supplemental Kanal neaiaea pae mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka honua, ka Pahuhopu ua hoakakaia like distracting, a me ka huli 'ua lawe mai i loa i ole ka rocket e ike i ka mea oiaio.

Aia He nui oaoieei-nīnau kekahi i ka pāʻoihana i me ka nui loa, a mahuahua nui i ka hakakā laulā o MANPADS "Igla". Pae holomua Lālā paʻa pepehi mokulele survivability ano hilinaʻi ma luna o ka wahi o ka hui 'ana me ka lele, a me ka kīʻamo - mea ole hemolele, no laila, kuhikuhi algorithm hoʻolako i nā koho, hoʻolako i ka loli o ke kauoha maʻi lele o ka rocket (piha kuapo) ma ka pae hope loa o ke ala no laila, i ka pana ku i ka fuselage. E hana i kēiaʻoihana kaʻa i loko o ka iwi? Ieoaeunoaa hoʻolako aiiieieoaeuiuo iiauo thrusters.

alakaʻi'ōnaehana a me fuses

KB nā kānakaʻenehana i loko o nāʻano a ho'āʻo e emi ke kaumaha o ka lawe luna ' "Igla". MANPADS mea he mea pepehi conceptually olelo hoopomaikai, ka mea, ua 'ohi' ana i ka hoʻokahi koa. Mass wiwi a mae i ka waiwai i loaʻa ma loko o ka hakakāʻana rocket mokuna, o ka ia me ka "'iako" (1170 g), akā, kona ikehu (pahū) mana mea nui kiʻekiʻe. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea he Logical pāʻoihana ua e hoʻohana i ka unspent wahie me ka hou lethal ikaika, a mea he kūikawā mea i kapaia he pahū mīkini hana wāwahie. Inherently keia detonator ua triggered ma ke olonā wāwae o ka papa uku ole, a lawe i ka kŘpa a lohi pololei o ke ahi i loko o ka instantaneous Nine Inch naoh o'okesaside me ka kala o ka nunui dala o ka ikehu wahie. Fusing elua: o ka hui 'ana (ho'ā' ia e ka hui 'ana) a me ka hoʻokomo (trapping ʻume mākenēki kahua pale ka mamao). BLTʻano - kiʻekiʻe-pahū.

General i hoʻomākaukauʻia a me ka lako a

MPADS "kui kele ma" e like nā pono a pau o lawe tactical ilikai VOP mea he launcher şarkı i loko i ke Kao lele lako kaua Cork, ergonomic i lawelawe. I ka haalele ana Kao lele lako kaua hiki ole iki i ka poʻe, ke ho kaʻina ua maheleia i mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Ma mua, koke ma hope o ka ho'ā hope o ka ammunition, Kao lele lako kaua ejection ia lŘlŘ mai ka barela ma ka mea o kekahi kūikawā haʻahaʻa-mana kauoha. Ma hope o kekahi mau mika mai ka holo kukuna mea ulana lole launcher hoonee aku hanaʻia walaʻauʻana (propulsion) o ka paa aʻe paha. I ka Ia manawa i ka laka ua wehe mua ke kahua, pale accidental Naita me ke poo. Eia hoi ke hele mai i ke Kao lele lako kaua i loko o ke kaua ana, a hiki ma hope o kekahi mau kekona, lele ana i 250 mau mika.

Ma waho o ka Launch şarkı i loaʻa i ka rocket 9P322, a i hookahi-hoʻohana huahana, kini puʻe wale MPADS "Needle" i hoʻolako pono me ka kāhea (9P519-1) mai ka interrogator 1L14 (ia mea pipiʻi, a eiiieaen, ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia i na manawa he) a me ka lolouila papa 1L15-1 (no ka accelerating i ka wehe aʻe o ka hana ana 'ike ma luna o ke kalepa ae la lakou kulana).

No ka pūʻulu palapala noi, e no hoi he pono i ka lawe lima ueo ei? Aiiia. E kaha i ka serviceability a me ka hooponopono ana'ōnaehana nui i ka kūikawā 'ia paha o KPS.

I "Igla-1" ili mai "Strela"

Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o na seventies, a no ka hula, a no ka Customer ka mea, ua hoʻomaka iholaʻo ia i loko o ka manawa o ka Kolomenskoye mīkini-hale Buro 'aʻole i pono. Kali hou aku ke kumu i kali hou aku i loko o ke ana o nā huahana 9E140 (homing). Ua huli mai e e loa ai eiiieaen, kona hanaia'na ua pu ma na pilikia. Ke Kao lele lako kaua ua kokoke lakou. I mea e hōʻeleu i ke kahe ana o ka hāpana ma ka Soviet Army a me ka e pono ai ka mea hou kaʻaluna o enehana hou, ka mea i hoʻoholo ma waena o. MANPADS "Igla-1", aponoia ma ka State Hoona Kuleana i ka makahiki 1978, i lako pono me ka hookahi-Kanal GSN ma "pua". Ka wā o kēia hou eiiieaena ka oko ao, a mahuahua nui ka mana kauoha a me ka mea maikaʻi oaoieei-ano (a mahuahua nui mai i 5.2 ei ke kahahńnai o ka palapala noi, e mea hiki lesion counterpropagating hana). I ka 1982, i hope pau ikea ai o pālua-Kanal homing, ka mea hou i ka hou lawe ea pale nenoaiu o ka mua, kapa MANPADS "Igla-2."

"Needle" ka hoʻololi 'ana "A", "H" a me ka "C"

Complex kapaia'āhihi paakiki Launch şarkı lōʻihi mea 1 m 70 knm - awelika kanaka kiʻekiʻe. Pakahi aku la ia hoʻoponopono kumu e hele mai, mai na paratroopers hoomaka koi hou kana olelo hoopomaikai. Special hoemiia "aeto" Ua hanaia no ia. MANPADS ma ka pelupelu ia kulana mea pōkole ma ka 60 knm.

Hooponopono hou ana o ka "H" ua wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe nona iho brisant poo. ʻO ia hiʻona Ua kekahi ano o ke kolu o ka mana o ka luna ', i loaa' inideka "C". Akā, ma ka hou i ka hoʻokāʻoi 'kiʻekiʻe-pahū fragmentation warhead, ke Kao lele lako kaua i ka pālua kaula hō'ā (me contactless) a me kekahi mea nui quality, no ka mea, o ka a ka mea no laila, kapa noonoo. "C" - ke ano, "e pelu ana", ma ka amo kulana - ma ka hapalua.

ano o ka

TTX MANPADS "Igla" kilakila, a ua pahuhopu nei i na koi ana o ka kokololio XXI kenekulia. ka mämä holo o ka rocket ma ke ala a hiki i ka pahu hopu - oi ma mua o 2100 km / h. I ka loihi o ka 5200 m + i loko o ka pelane, a me ka helekopa, lele i ka mämä holo o ka i a hiki i 1150 km / h ma altitudes mai i 2500 m + hiki e pepehi aku ma hope o ka pahiki o 63%.

I ka hoʻolele ma ka hookui papa pale umauma hoʻokahi holo hiki e oi aku i ka 1300 km / h. Aoaao o ke kaa ma ka kaua ano lawe eiiieaena hiki e like iki me 13 kekona.

A pau kēia mau oeeo? Maloo ke ano weliweli pōmaikaʻi, a ua loaa pono kekahi koa, mākaukau me 9K38 MANPADS "Igla". He hiki ke hana me ka haʻahaʻa-lele mea, e like me pepehi helicopters a me ka moku peʻa Kao lele lako kaua, i ka poe aie i ka flatness o ke ala e loa pilikia no ka lepo hao wale.

Eia kekahi, i ka hooponopono ana nenoaiu mea hiki ke hoomaopopoʻenemi mokulele hoomaikai i ka noniakahi nā'ōnaehana "hoa aʻenemi".

Special hua'ōlelo hewaʻiʻo a me ka nanea ana o ka pono o ka MANPADS "Igla". Hakakā manual, aole ia i apo ia i ka nui helu o nā kumu i hiki ke i hoʻomaka ana mai kekahi kulana, me ma moku o ka neʻe maila kaʻa. Once ka Aʻole i loaʻa i ka pale umauma hoʻokahi,ʻo ia e hoʻomaka ana hoʻouna 'paipu i kekahi mea, pahu aku ai "Start" pihi. Next, a pau ka hana i loko o ka mea ana i kekona, ka mea, koe wale no kanaka hoʻoponopono i ka rocket lele, ina ia mea, o ka papa, he mea manawa.

ka hoao ana o ka palapala noi

I ka poe koa o ka oi ma mua o eha kakini'āina o ka lawe Anati-mokulele'ōnaehana MANPADS "Igla". Kona palapala noi e Iraqi koa i loko o ka makahiki 1991, kena ae la i ke poho ana o kekahi mau mokulele Air Maxʻahahui mea i hōʻike kiʻekiʻe hopenaʻoi loa o kēia 'ano o nā mea kaua Lūkini, a hiki i ka aneane piha suppression o ka lewa pale a me ka ea supremacy attacker. Over ka mau makahiki i hala i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o ke ao nei, ua nui na koa o onei a me na kaua. Ka hapa nui o ia i kekahi paha o kekahiʻaoʻao hoʻohana MANPADS "Igla". Photo insurgents a me ke aupuni koa me ka typical "paipu", like hoʻi me poino a me ka make o ka mokulele kahaki ii ka make mana o keia kŘpa a uuku ea pale.

Ma kia-Soviet mōʻaukala o ka hiʻona o ka "kuikele" hiki hoʻopaʻapaʻa paha ua kaulana "Kalashnikov". Ike o ka hope nui aelike no ka hoolako ana i ka'ōhui nui o kēia mau pono a pau o ia ka Malaysian na puali koa. Ka hou ana o ka'ōnaehana manao, a alakai ai i ka mahuahua ana i ka eono kilomika kahahńnai hakakā hoʻohana o "paipu" hoʻololi ' "Super". Mau MANPADS, like hoʻi me hou, i aka malu Eia kekahi laʻana e e hoomaopopo rearmed ka Lūkini kaua i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ma kahi o.