Nā kinona o ke kaupaku hao: lō'ihi, mānoanoa

'O nā mea kani i kēia lā ka mea nui e kaulana ai nā mea noho no nā kauwela a me nā mea nona nā hale'āina. 'O kona mau kumuhana nui he kumu kū'ai,'o ka lō'ihi o ke ola a me ka nani. Ana o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia roofing i hae, e ka mea oluolu i ka hana i ka helu dala koi 'ia no ka uhi puhi ana i kekahi AEI a me ka kuea a lahilahi.

'O ke'ano kiko'ī

'O nā kūlana hana maika'i loa o ke kole tile no kona'ano like'ole. Ua ua i ke kila kuina mānoanoa o 0.4-0.6 mm o ka anu koiʻana iā. I ke po'o, ua uhi mua'ia kēlā me kēia pepa i ka papa zinc, e hā'awi ana i ka palekana kūpono i ka wai, a no laila, mai ka'ānai'ana i ke kila. A laila, ua ho'ohana'ia kahi papa passivation, a laila he papa papa mua. I ka hopena hope, ua uhi'ia nā pāpale me kahi'ano polymer kūikawā, he'ano kelena a me ke'ano. 'A'ole kēia pale e pale wale i ke kila mai nā pā'oihana'ino a me nā hana mechanical, akā hā'awi pū kekahi i ka ho'olālā maika'i a me ka hō'ike. 'O kona inoa he mea'ole. Mai kahi lō'ihi mai,'o ka pāpaku o kēia'ano like'ole, ua like nō ia me nā pāpale lepo.

Nui

'O ka nui o ke kaupaku o ke po'o ma luna o ka hale i ke kahaka'u'ana he mea pono. 'O ka nui o nā mea i makemake'ia no ka'ili, koho'ia, e nānā nui ana i ka whānui o nā pepa. 'A'ole i uku'ia ka mālama'ana i ka lehulehu, akā i ka pono. 'O ka mea hope loa he emi loa ia i ka mea mua, no ka mea, ua kau'ia ka pā kau ma luna o ka lae o ka hale me ka uhi'ana.

'O ka whānui o ka laulā e hiki ke hana i 1.16-1.19 m.'O ka loli ke ki'eki'e he 0.06-0.08 m ka lō'ihi.

Length

'O ka nui o ke kaupaku o nā'ano heiau no kēia'ano o ke kaupaku e hiki ke loli iki. Ma ke kū'ai, aia nā pepa me ka lō'ihi o 80 a 800 cm. No laila, inā makemake'ia, hiki iā'oe ke'imi i kahi mea i kūpono loa no nā hale. 'O ka lō'ihi o ke tila'onika he manawa ma'amau ia o 5.

I ka kuai a lahilahi no ka hale e ke kaʻikaʻiʻia ma ka manao ana o ka nui o na eaves o ke kaupaku o ka metala ole e oi aku mamua o 40 mm o. Inā'ole, e kūlou hope paha i ke kola. Inā lō'ihi ka lō'ihi o nā pāpale i 7.5 m, pono ke waiho'ia ka tile metala ma nā lālani'elua. 'O ka'oki o ka āpau no kēia mea ho'oki'eki'e'a'ole ia e emi iho ma mua o 14 g.

'O ka'ōpū o ke kola

No laila, he aha ke'ano o ke kaulike o ke kaupaku o ka hale, ua'ike mākou. I kēia manawa, e nānā kāua i ka pa'akiki o kēia mea. E like me ka mea i ha'i mua'ia, 0.4-0.6 mm hiki ke ho'ohana'ia ke kila no ka hana'ana i nā tile keleawe. Eia kekahi,'o ka mānoanoa o ka mea e pili ana i ka mānoanoa o ka polymer layer i ho'ohana'ia me ia. He 25-50 mau micron kēia ma'amau. No laila, hiki ke loli ka mānoanoa o nā paona o ke kila i nā palena ākea. 'O ka koi nui loa no nā mea nona nā hale noho e ho'ohana i nā mea ma 0.5 a 0.45 mm.

Nā'ano o nā kala'ula polymer

No laila, hiki i ka papa hana palekana o ke kola keleawe, ke'ano o ka mānoanoa like'ole. Ke eia paha e pili i ka lahilahi o polymeric ka penaʻana :

• Pural. Hana'ia kēia polymer he palekana maika'i loa i ka'ino'ino a hiki ke pale i nā mahana mai -15 a +200 g. No nā'ano'oko'a o nā kapa polima,'o kēia ka māmā - 50 μm.

• 'O Polyester. No nā kānaka i loa'a ka uku makahiki,'o kēia ke kūpuni hao'oi loa. 'O ke kumukū'ai ma kēlā pepa (ke'ano o kēia'ano o nā mea he mea'ē a'e), i uhi'ia me kahi papa, ka mea ha'aha'a. Eia na'e, he mānoanoa ka li'ili'i ma mua o ka uhi'ana o nā pa'i me ka pural - 25 μm. 'O nā pēpili tila me kēlā papa ho'omalu e hiki ke kau'ia ma luna o nā hale o nā hale i kūkulu'ia ma nā wahi me ka ma'amau ma'amau'ole ka mahana wela. I kēia lā ma ke kū'ai, hiki iā'oe ke'ike i nā'ano like'ole o ke'ano - i uhi'ia me ke polyester e like me Teflon. 'O ke'ano polymer o kēia'ano ke'ano kū'oko'a i nā'ano like'ole o ka hana mechanical. He 35 μm ka mānoanoa o ka uhi'ana o Teflon-polyester.

• 'O Polydrifluoride. 'O kēia ka'ano ma'alahi o ka uhi'ana o polymer. 'O kona mau pōmaika'i,'o ia ho'i,'o ka mea mua loa, ke kū'ē nui loa i ka puhi'ana. No laila ke uhi nei me kahi palekana e kūpono ana no ke kūkulu'ana i nā hale ma nā wahi wela o ka hema. 'O ka pōmaika'i o polydifluoride'o kona kū'ē'ana i ka hana'ino a me ke ola lō'ihi. 'O ka mānoanoa o ka papa PVDF he 27 μm.

• Plastisol. 'A'ohe o ka loa'a'ana o nā tile pepa me ka uhi'ana o kēia'ano i ke kū'ai aku. 'O ka'oia'i'o,'o ka polyvinyl chloride, ho'ohana'ia e hana i ka polisol, i mana'o'ia he'ano palekana'ole ka pilina. 'O kekahi'ano kaulana o ka tile keleawe o kēia'ano ke ho'ohana'ia wale nō ma muli o ke'ano o kēia'ano polymer i ka mana ki'eki'e a lawelawe no kahi lō'ihi loa. 'O ka māmā o ka plastisol he 200 μm.

'O ke kumukū'ai o ka mea kila, e pili ana i ke'ano o ka uhi'ana e hiki ke'ano like'ole ma waena o 150-250 rubles. No ka mika mika (no ka makahiki 2015).

Ka nui o ka'ike

'O nā tile hao kila,'o nā kūlana kūpono o ia'ano kūpono, hiki nō ke'ano like i ke ki'eki'e o ka nalu. 'O ka nui o kēia hō'ike e kau nui'ia ma ka geometry o ka'ike, hiki ke'ano like'ole. 'O nā'ano po'okela o nā nalu o ke kola keleawe:

• Monterrey. 'O kēia ke'ano ma'amau. Hō'aia kēia'ano o kēia'ano e pili ana i nā pālehu pa'a. 'O ke ki'eki'e o nā nalu i loko o ia mau hulu ke pi'i'ia he 39 mm. Aia kekahi pūnaewele nui ma ka hā'awi. He pāni ka'oi aku o kēia nalu - 46 mm.

• Kaumaha. Metal o kēiaʻano mea he iki e like me ka kokoleka bar. He 25 mm ka lō'ihi o kona'ike. He'ano nani loa kēia, akā, he mea maika'i loa. 'O ke'ano, he nui ka nānā'ana i nā pīpī'ele'ele.

• 'O Dune. 'O nā pōmaika'i o kēia'ano like'ole, he mea mua, he hiki ke ho'ohana i nā mea pa'a. Ma luna o ka hale, ua pa'akikī loa kēia mea, a ua ho'ohālike'ia me nā'ano'ē a'e. I loko o ka pā'ani keleawe o kēia'ano, ke ki'eki'e o ke nalu he 46.5 mm.

'O ke kaupaku lā'au no nā hale ākea

I ka hale i ha'iha'i'ia i kēia lā, hiki iā'oe ke kauoha i kahi papa piha o nā pepa me nā mea komo. No ka hana'ana i kēia, kāhea i kahi mea hana mai ka'oihana hana'oihana i ka ho'olako'ana i kēia mea. E nānā ke kauka i ka hale me ka kauoha. E no'ono'o ana kēia i nā mau palena like me ka pa'akikī o ka ho'onohonoho'ana, nā hi'ohi'ona o ka'ōnaeho ho'onani a me nā huina o ka hale. 'O ka tile'ano (a me nā mea e pili ana i ke'ano o ke kāhea o ka mea akamai i ka huli'ana'a'ole ia he mea pono -'o ia ke'ano kūpono) -'o ka hale i ka ho'ouka kūpono. Naʻe, hoonoho iho la ia ia ma ka haʻihaʻi i kaupaku o ka hana hoʻonohonohoʻia i loko o kanaka me ka hoao ana hiki no i kekahi mau pilikia. 'O nā'oihana i'oihana i ka ho'olako'ana i ke kila, hana mau i nā lawelawe no ka ho'okomo'ana. No laila, i kēia hihia, he mea kūpono e no'ono'o e pili ana i ka uku no ke kau'ana i nā pā.

Ma mua o ka'oki

Ua koho'ia ka nui o ke kaupaku o ke kaupaku no ka hale e nā mea hana i mea e kūpono ai i ka hiki ke hana. I ka'oki'ana me ka ho'omohala'ana ma luna o ka hale,'a'ohe mea e pono ai kēia mea. Eia na'e, hiki i kahi manawa ke'oki'oki'ia. Ma mua o ka hana'ana i kēia hana, pono'oe e ho'oholo i ka koho'ana o ka mea hana. 'O ka mea'oia'i'o, ua ma'alahi ka palapa o ka papa polymer o nā pepa. No laila, he la'ana,'a'ole hiki i ka Bulgarian ke'oki'oki iā lākou i kekahi hihia. 'O kēia mea hana ma'alahi ka honua. Eia kekahi, mai ka pō'ai i ka wā e'oki ai nā kohu keleawe, a ho'opō'ino ho'i i ka papa polymer. 'O ke kole'oki'ia ma ke'ano me nā'aila uila. Hiki nō ho'i iā'oe ke ho'ohana i ka mikopika hiku a i'ole kekahi pu'uki me kahi pahi kāwili.

E'oki ana i nā rula

No laila, e'oki i nā mea pono, i kēlā me kēia'ano e like me ka nui o ke kola. No kahi hale (ke kumu kū'ai o kēia mea e pili ana i kona lō'ihi),'o kekahi mahele pinepine ka'oki'ana i nā pepa i ka lō'ihi a me ka laulā. I ka hihia'elua, i ka wā e'oki'oki ai, ma waena o nā mea'ē a'e, e pono e ho'olohe i ka kuhikuhi o ka'ike. 'O kēlā me kēia'āpana kila i luna a lalo. 'A'ole hiki ke ho'ololi i kēia mea i ka manawa e ho'omohala ai.

Hiki ke'oki'ia ka lō'ihi o ke kila i kēlā me kēia wahi. No laila, no ka la'ana,'a'ole pono e hele i ka lālā o ke kahe. Inā'a'ole i hana pono'ia ka'oki,'a'ole hiki ke ho'okomo'ia ka pepa ma luna o ka hale ma hope, no ka mea, e ho'opō'ino'ia.

Metal hae Ana (lōʻihi, mānoanoa, laula) e pono no ka mea hoʻonoho ma luna o kekahi ano o ka puhi. Ho'ohui'ia kēia me ka cheapness a me ka pilina pili pono o ka'oki'ana a me ka mahalo nui i ia mea. E'ike i ka mea kūpono i kēia a i'ole kēlā hihia, he mea ma'alahi ke tile keleawe. I nā kūlana nui, hiki iā'oe ke kuhikuhi i nā kānaka lapa'au e hana i ka ana pololei.