Nā minelala hao a me kā lākou mau waiwai. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā minelala hao

He nui maoli hoʻokomo kālā i mea nui i kanaka waiwai. He na waiwai i mea exhaustible a me ka mea e e hoomaluia. Me kā lākou 'ana a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o na mea he nui, ao ke ano o ke ola makemake e loa paʻakikī.

Nā minelala hao a me kā lākou mau waiwai - ka mea, o ka mea a me ka paha o ka study Geology hoʻouku. Nā hualoaʻa o kona hoʻohana hope no aaioee a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o na mea he nui.

Nā minelala hao a me kā lākou mau waiwai

He aha ua nui kapaʻia nā minelala hao? Mau mea pohaku a me ka mea pōhaku nā hale, a i ka nui o ke aupuni, aneiai manaʻo nui a me ka mea i lohe nui ia ma ka hana.

Ke 'ano o ko lākou nui, no laila, na waiwai no kēlā me kekahi. Aia i kekahi mau walaʻauʻana koho nā hoʻohui like o ka 'ona i loko o maoli:

• placers;
• me ka ho okumu;
• kaula;
• laau;
• punana.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka mau kūkākūkā o nā kumu waiwai, ua hiki ke hoomaopopo:

• i ka'āina;
• mau mea;
• auʻau loko;
• kahua.

Nā minelala hao a me kā lākou mau waiwai hilinaʻi ma luna o ka ho'ākāka 'ia' ano o ka maka mea. He kēia ka manao o lakou, a me ka wahi o kanaka pono, a me ke ano o ka pōʻalo a me ka aaioee.

Ano o nā minelala hao

Aia mea,ʻaʻole he Mea Maluna o ka noʻonoʻoʻia. No laila, ina ua ma muli o ka hoailona o ka moku'āina o aggregation, i ke kala me neia? Ueo.

1. Pono keia mau mea paa wāwahie. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: kinikini, ka paakai, māpala, metala i eliia, nonmetallic.
2. Wai - lola honua mea pōhaku i ka wai a me ka aila.
3. Kinoea - maoli kinoea, helium.

Inā i ke kumu o ka papa ma na ano o ka hoʻohana 'ana i mea pōhaku kumu waiwai, oiai Mea Maluna i ke kēia palapala.

1. Combustible. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: kaʻaila,ʻaila shale, lanahu, methane a me na mea e ae.
2. Mea i eliia, a igneous. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: a pau metala-na mea i eliia, heʻiʻo maka mea, e like me ka pono me asbestos a me ka graphite.
3. Nonmetallic. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: a pau maka i nā mea i loaʻa i ke hooheheeia (lepo, one, chalk, ke one, etc.), a me nā paʻakai.
4. Gemstone. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka maikai a me ka kalaka nui-maikai, a me nā pōhaku makamae (diamonds, ka sapeira, ka'agate,'emerala, jade, kalekedona, Opal, sard, etc.).

Hooku iho la ia ma ka 'ano mea, ua maopopo i na nā minelala hao a me kā lākou mau waiwai - ka mea, o ka mea a pau honua a kaupaona i nā he nui helu o ke kanaka hulihonua, a miners hoʻomalu.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻokomo kālā

Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'mea pōhaku kumu waiwai (nā minelala hao) e haawi' ano kōā kaulike ma ka Honua, e like me ka 'ā ina hiʻona. Ua hoopakele, he nui loa o ia ua hanaʻia ma ke anuu o ka una ka neʻe 'ana a me ka lua. Aia i kekahi mau nui âinapuni, i nā loa waiwai i aneane nā 'ano o ka maka mea. Ka mea, e:

• Akau a me Amerika Hema.
• Eurasia.
• Africa.

Nā'āina i i ke aupuni 'o hoʻohikiʻia wahi, nui' ana o nā kumu waiwai a me kā lākou mau waiwai. Ma ka ia aina, kahi a kona maka i nā mea ma laila, he poʻe waiwai hoʻolilo.

Nui, o ka holo ana, hiki ole i ka hoakaka i na kumumanao o ka hoʻokomo kālā o ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai. Ua pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka hana i ho'ākāka 'ano o ka maka mea. Kekahi o ka loa pipiʻi ua minamina (i loaʻa ka mea maikai i eliiaʻi) nā minelala hao. Gula, no ka laʻana, o na wahi a ke ole Europa ('āinapuniʻole, eia kekahi Australia ma luna). Ua Ua nui kuaiia, a me kona? Iecaianoaaiiie - kekahi o ka loa e like me kaʻike manaʻo ma ka hoʻouku.

Waiwai nui loa ma ka wahie waiwai o Eurasia. Hoʻouku nā minelala hao (talc, barytes, kaolin, limestone, quartzite, apatite, paakai) e, he pono ole kokoke i na wahi i nui loa.

Hoʻouku a quarrying

I mea e extract na nā minelala hao, a, e hoomakaukau ai no ka pono o kekahi mau ano i hoʻohana.

1. Open alanui. Pono maka mea ua extracted 'ana mai o nā kiʻi. Over manawa, ua hiki aku i ke kahua o ka nui na awawa, no laila ia mea e akahai i ke kaiapuni.
2. Hoʻouku hana - he oi pololei, akā, pipiʻi.
3. Kumu hana o pumpingʻaila.
4. Ke pumping hana.
5. Geotechnological i eliia aaioee ki ina hana like.

Hoʻouku - keia mea nui a me ka pono i kaʻina, nae, hiki aku ai i loa kēia huakaʻi hele hopena. Ma hope o exhaustible kumu waiwai. No laila, i loko o nā makahiki o ka hoʻokoʻikoʻi mea,ʻaʻole ma ka mea nui ka unahiʻole, pōʻalo o ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai,ʻo ia kā lākou oi pono a me ka naauao ana o ke kanaka.

Na mea i eliia (magmatic) pohaku

Kēia pūʻulu nā nāʻano nui a me ka nui i ka hua'ōlelo o ka hoʻouku. Na mea i eliia - ka mea, o ke kahua o ka mea pōhaku ano, a iloko ona i kakauia he nui nui paha i ka makemake metala ( 'ē aʻe ke keʻena).

Wahi o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo a me aaioee o ka maka mea i kapaia mines. Classify igneous pōhaku hiki ia i ka eha pūʻulu:

• ferrous mea hiki ke hooheheeia ;
• kala like 'ole;
• maikai e;
• ole-mea hao eiiiiiaiou.

Eia kekahi laʻana o na mea i eliia mea pōhaku kumu waiwai.

1. Manganese i eliia.
2. Hao.
3. Nikala.
4. Argentia.
5. Cassiterite.
6. Berulo.
7. Bornite.
8. Chalcopyrite.
9. Uraninite.
10. Asbestos.
11. Graphite a me na mea e ae.

Gold - na mea i eliia mea pōhaku

Aia i waena o na mea i eliia, a hana nā minelala hao. Gula, no ka laʻana. Kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo ua pili mai ka wā kahiko, e like me ka mea i mau ua lahui kuaiia e kanaka. I keia la, ke gula ua o koʻu mau, a holoi iho la i kokoke i na aupuni i loko o ka mokuna o ka a he mea ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he uuku o kona hoʻokomo kālā.

Ma ke ano maoli, ke gula ua loaʻa i loko o ka palapala o ke kanaka maoli (particles). Ka nui loa kila ingots i loaʻa i loko o Australia he aneane 70 kg? Aieeeua. Pinepine, ma muli o ka weathering a me ka'aʻaiawā hoʻokomo kālā i hanaʻia hoʻokomo kālā o ka huna one i loko o ka palapala o ka maikai metala.

Mai ia nā mea huihuina ka mea, ua extracted laundering a me ka sieving. Ma mau, ia mea,ʻaʻole he pono ole, a voluminous maʻiʻo nā minelala hao. Gula ua nolaila, kapaʻia i ka maikai a me ka maikai i eliiaʻi.

-Oaio? A no ka mea pōʻalo o ka mea e hoohehee ai nā minelala hao i:

• Rusia.
• Canada.
• South Africa.
• Australia.

mōʻalihaku

Kēia pūʻulu nā ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai like:

• lignite ;
• ka aila;
• kinoea (methane, helium);
• lanahu.

Ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā minelala hao o keia ano - i ka wahie a me ka maka mea no kela Nine Inch i huiʻia a me nā waiwai.

Lanahu - o keia wāwahie, e waiho nei ma ka kŘpa a pāpaʻu hohonu o ke akea papa. Kona nui ua kaupalena 'ia kekahi pakahi kahua. Nolaila, ua paupauaho kekahi waiʻauʻau, kanaka e neʻe maila i ka aʻe. I mau, lanahu he mai i ka 97% kalapona i loko o ke gula palapala. Hawaiʻi nei ka mea i hanaia, kūpono i ka make tamping a me nō hoʻi ke aloha residues. Mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana Ua hiki mua ana miliona o ka makahiki, no laila, he nunui nui ma ka Honua ka manawa lanahu me ke koe.

Oil okoa kapa wai gula, i underlines pehea nui ia mea he mea pōhaku o nā kumu waiwai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o kiʻekiʻe-kbps mōʻalihaku, e like me kona likeʻole eiiiiiaiou - ka waihona ipu maka mea no Nine Inch syntheses. Nā alakaʻi ma ka aila, he'āina e like me:

• Rusia.
• 'Amelika.
• Algeria;
• Mexico.
• Indonesia.
• Venezuela.
• Libua.

Natural kinoea, a mea i ka läÿau, o gaseous hydrocarbons, ia mea no hoi he nui hanalima wahie. Ua pili ia i ka nike maka pono hana, no laila ka mea, ua oi loa hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o ka unahiʻole, i nui. 'āina alakai i? Iecaianoaaiiuo - Rusia a me Saudi Arabia.

Mea hao ai 'ole-mea hao? Ueo

Kēia pūʻulu ka loaʻa o ia nā minelala hao a me nā pōhaku, e like me:

• pālolo;
• chalk;
• ke one;
• iliili;
• iliili;
• iliili;
• talc;
• kaolin;
• barite;
• graphite;
• diamonds;
• pōaka;
• apatite;
• phosphorus a me ka 'ē aʻe.

Allʻano likeʻole hiki ke Hoʻohui 'i loko o kekahi mau hui e like me ka wahi o ka pono.

1. Hoʻouku a Nine Inch nā minelala hao.
2. Metallurgical maka mea.
3. Kōmike nā pōaka.
4. ? Ieoaeunoai kumuhana.

Kēia pūʻulu Ua pinepine haawiia nā minelala hao a me gems. Ka hoʻohana a non-metala nā minelala hao ano multifaceted a me ka nui. Mau mea mahiʻai (fertilizers), no? Ieoaeunoaa (pono), aniani heheʻe, Jewelry, nā mīkini home, obschehimicheskoe? Iecaianoaaiiie, HW? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a no laila, ma luna o.