'O ka loiloi hou: ka mana'o, nā'ano. Nā'ike hou i loko o ka puke pai

'O ka loa'a'ana o nā'ike manawa kūpono'ole o kā mākou mau lā, ua ho'okumu i ka vela ulu wikiwiki'a'ole wale ma nā puke a me ka maika'i o ka'ike, akā i nā'ano o ka hō'ike'ana i kahi lehulehu. A o ke kumu nui o keia ano a me ke ano o ka loli, a me na palena a me na paakiki ma na kumumanao he nui, e pau wale ana, oia ka puka ana o na ike hou a me na ike loea.

'O ka mua a me ka nui loa o kā lākou hana i ka hopena o ka loiloi, no laila ke kūkulu nei ka'īpila i nā'imipili'ike hou a me nā'ano'oihana technology no ka lawe'ana i ka'ike.

Ke kumu o nā ku'una hou o kēia au

A kohu pono Contemporary manaʻo nui o ka hoʻohui journalism i ka makahiki 1970, ua komo i loko o hoʻohana Amelika sociologist Denieel Bell - i ka mea kākau o ka pähola 'ana o ke kahua o ke kia-hanalima lehulehu. I kēlā manawa, ua hō'ike'ia kēia hua'ōlelo i ka hui'ana o nā lolouila, nā kelepona, nā kelepona i nā lako hana'enehana kūlike.

Eia na'e, i ka ho'omaka'ana o nā makahiki 1990, i ka wā wikiwiki a ho'olaha'ia'ana o ka Internet i loko o nā milihelu o nā mea ho'ohana, ua loa'a i ka'enekini ho'ololi ka mana ikaika mai ka "'ōlelo i kūkākūkā'ia i nā manawa" i ka ho'olaha ho'olaha loa o ka ho'olaha'ike. A i loko o nā makahiki he 20 i hala aku nei ua ho'omaka'ia ka mana'o loiloi nui e kūkākūkā maika'i'ia i nā'oihana'oihana.

Nā papa hana ho'olālā

Kuʻi nukeliu o kekahi Huli i ka journalism (kaomi, Radio, kīwī, online, Media) ua lawe mai ma luna o kekahi mau conditional pae. A i loko o kēlā me kēia o lākou, ke'ano o ka pilina a me nā hualoa'a he'ano like'ole ia:

1. 'O ka pae mua loa he "pilina" o nā'enehana hanahana i ho'ohana'ia e nā mea pa'i ki'i e hō'ili'ili a mālama i nā mea'ike. 'O kēlā mau hana e puka i nā ki'i hou, kahi e pono ai ke kūlana kūpono.
2. No laila,'o ka pae a'e e like me ke'ano o ka pilikino ('ike,'ike, nā'ike). 'O nā limahana o nā ke'ena like'ole a me nā ke'ena ho'oponopono e ho'ohui'ia i nā hui ho'okahi no ka ho'olālā'ana i nā mea multimedia.
3. I ka wā e hiki mai ana,'o ka hō'ili'ili nui, ka laulā a me ka ho'omehana honua piha ka mea e ho'okumu i nā mea e pono ai no ka pilina ma waena o nā'ano like'ole o ka leka uila (print, radio, television, etc.),'o ia ka hopena o ka ho'omohala'ana o ka puke loli.

Ma muli o nā'enehana multimedia o ka ho'olaha'ike, ho'olaha'ia nā waihona'oihana pā'oihana hou i ko lākou'ike i kahi o nā papahana media (e like me ka leki uila, nūpepa ma ka pūnaewele pūnaewele, ai'ole ka pūnaewele pūnaewele).

'O ka'ōlelo'oia'i'o,'o ka'ōlelo "convergo",'a'ole ia wale nō ka hopena o kekahi hanana ma luna o kekahi, akā,'o ka ho'ololi pākiki'ole o ka'enehana,'ike, a me nā mea. A i loko o ka hihia o ka kŰia o nń journalism, ae hoʻohui 'akaka e like me ke kaʻina hana o ka pū i hiki i ka iaʻikepili ma o ka moʻo o ka Media (kikokikona, nā leo a me ka wikiō) hoʻohana likeʻole kamailio ana o ka auwai a (Print, Radio, kīwī a me ka loa mahaloia he waihona - ka pūnaewele).

Nā'ike hou i loko o ka puke pai

'O ka pāhahalaha o ka pūnaewele o ka Pūnaewele ka hopena o ka ho'oka'awale'ana i nā'ano o ka pāhahalaha i loko o kahi ho'okahi, i ka mea i hala aku nei he mea hiki'ole ke hiki.

Ma mua, i mea e a'o ai e pili ana i nā lono hou loa, pono e ho'ohana i ka lekiō. No ka'ike'ana i ka ho'opa'a'ana o ka mea e hana nei e hiki wale nō me ke kōkua o kahi kekeke. A'o nā mea kiko'ī a me nā mea kiko'ī i mana'o'ia e pono wale nō ma nā'ao'ao o nā nūpepa hou.

'O ka'ōnaehana ho'ololi ka'ina hana o kēia manawa e hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohui i nā leo, ke ki'i wikiō a me nā'ike i loko o kekahi mea i pa'i'ia. 'O ke'ano,'o ka hana o ka ho'okumu'ana i kahi huahana multimedia e pono ai ka'ike, ka mākau a me nā koina waiwai. Hō'ike maika'i'ia kēia mau mea ma ka pono e loa'a nā lakohana i kūpono i ke'ano o ka mana a me ka hana, e uku no ka hana o nā ki'i a me nā mea ho'olale wikiō ('a'ole i ka ho'opuka i nā mea ho'oponopono, nā mea kākau mo'olelo, a me nā mea'ē a'e).

Penei,ʻanoʻenehana E hana 'ia, e hali aku ana i ka hope pūnaewele Media hiki o ho'āhu i kekahi i ka wā hoʻokahi pilikia makapō, kikokikona a kani ka ikepili, i ke kahua no ka holomua hoʻohui' ia o ka ahakanaka, a me ka Radio kīwī i loko o ka hoʻokahi 'ike kumu waiwai.

Ka no'ono'o'ana i nā'enehana uila a me ka'enekino loea i loko o ka papahana puke

Hiki i nā'enehana a me nā'enehana hou ke'ike'ia (kahi o nā'enehana loea kūkākūkā i ka honua) ma kekahi'ano a i'ole kekahi e lawe i kahi ho'olālā ma'amau i nā papahana o nā'ōuli hou, e no'ono'o i ka mea hiki ke ho'oka'awale i nā'ano like'ole o ka mo'omeheu convergent:

1. Media - ka lehulehu ākea lawa kūloko manao, hoʻomōhala kuhikuhi ma kekahi māhele'āina. Ke kali nei kā lākou mau hana i kekahi o nā mea i ho'okau'ia: ka nūpepa, ka lekiō, ke kelepona a me ka punaewele. 'O kēia'ano ke hō'ike nui loa i nā mea heluhelu e kapa'ia nei e kēia po'e i "ka lono kahiko". No ka ho'ololi'ana, ma kēia'ano, ho'ohana'ia ka hana ma waho o nā helu i hō'ike mua'ia.
2. Hypermedia - ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke o nń journalism ua i kaupalena' ia hoʻokahi wale nō Media anuu, e hoopakele i ko lakou maʻiʻo. Eia kekahi la'ana, he nūpepa lolouila, kahi i pa'i'ia ma ka pa'i. Ho'ohana pinepine'ia lākou e ka hua'ōlelo "multimedia" / - he hui pū i loko o nā mea o ka kikokikona o ka'ōnaehana ki'i, nā leo, nā ki'i ki'i a me nā kumu'ē a'e e hō'ike i ka'ike. 'O ka ho'okomo'ana i loko o ka pūnaewele, ma nā mea'elua, kahi i nā'ekolu a pau.
3. Transmedia - e aho kekahi henua Ke 'ano moʻokalaleo, ka hoopaapaa e pili ana i nō mau a hiki i kēia lā. Ho'olei pono'ia ka nānā'ana i nā'enehana kaiaulu (kekahi o nā hi'ohi'ona o ka transmedia), a ma ko lākou'ano wale nō e loa'a ai nā hō'ailona a me nā hana o ka'ulapala. Ma kēia'ano, ua nīnau'ia ka'imi'ikepili, no ka mea,'a'ole i kūkā'ia e nā mea pa'i puke i ka hana a me ka ho'oponopono'ana, akā'o nā mea ho'ohana,'o ka mea nui i ka'ike hou'ana. Eia hou, kahi hana pā'oihana like'ole e'oi aku ma mua o kāna mau hana pono a me nā hana i'oi aku ma mua o ka nui o kahi'oihana puke mo'olelo, he nui nā mea akamai e koi aku e'ike'ole i kahi hana hou. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ho'olaha nā ho'olaha i nā mea ho'ohana me nā hana pule mo'olelo wale nō, akā,'o ka ho'olaha ho'olaha, nā mea ho'okipa a me nā mea'ē a'e.

'O ka synonym media-media

'O ke'ano o ka "journalist convergent" ka mea i ho'ololi pinepine'ia e kahi'oihana'oi aku - "cross-media". 'O kēia ke kumu o ka pili o ka'olina o kēia mau hua'ōlelo. Akā me nā mea like a pau,'o ka'oko'a ma waena o lākou e moe nei ma ka mana'o li'ili'i o kēia hope.

Pono e hō'ike i ka ho'ohana'ana i nā papahana pā'ani ma lalo o'elua pā'ani (print, televise, digital, etc.), a me ka ho'olaha'ana i nā mea i nā helu loea (televisions, papa, smartphones a me nā pono'ē a'e). 'O ia ka ho'ohui'ana i nā'ano like'ole o nā papahana i loko o kāna mau hana a hana i ka'enekala kaulike.

Ka'imi multimedia e pili i ka huli waiwai

'O ka loiloi ho'ololi i ka ho'ohana'ana i nā leo, nā wikiō a me nā ki'i pa'i ki'i ma nā puke, e ho'olaha ana iā lākou i ka nui o nā pūnaewele ho'olaha. 'O ia ma ke'ano'ōlelo ma'alahi'ole o ke'ano o ka'imi'ana, ka processing a me ka ho'onohonoho'ana i ka'ike i loa'a i ka po'e loio e pa'akiki loa i ka hana:

• Pono e mālama'ia nā hō'ike mai kahi o nā hanana me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā ki'i pūnaewele wiki a me ka ho'onohonoho hou'ana i nā manawa ko'iko'i loa. Eia kekahi la'ana,'o ka hana o ka pāpāho palola, inā'o ia i ka hopena o ke ki'i wikiō,'o ia wale nō wale nō no nā kikowaena TV hui.
• Eia kekahi, pono e ki'i'ia nā ki'i i makemake'ia.
• Ka ho'ohui piha'ana o nā po'e hana hana a pau i ka ho'okumu'ana i nā'enepili pūnaewele. Ke hui nei nā pū'ulu o nā'ikena mai nā'oko'a o ka'enehana'enehana i kekahi'ano a i'ole kekahi mea'ē a'e i ka hana me kekahi me kekahi,'a'ole wale i ka hana'ana i kahi hulina ma'amau no nā mea, akā i ke kūkulu'ana i ka ho'olālā ki'i o ka mea. A i ka manawa like, aia kahi hana hui ma ka waihona'ikepili,'ikepili'ikepili a me nā'ano'enehana'ē a'e.
• 'O ka mea hope loa,'a'ole i kāpae'ia ka pilina'ana ma waena o nā pāhana media multimedia i ka hana'ana i nā papahana papahana, huli a ho'oponopono'ana i nā mea.

I kekahi manawa, ua kūlike ka kūlana o ka nūhou pilikino me ka nūpepa pūnaewele, kahi kūpono kūpono'ole o kēia mau'ike'ike. Ma muli o ka ho'okumu'ia'ana ma ka Pūnaewele,'o ka'enehana media e ho'omohala ai i nā mea no lākou he mea hou ia i ka lawe'ana i nā puke, akā'a'ole'o ia ka hō'ailona ma'amau no ka ho'olaha.

'O ka makahiki o nā helu

I ka manawa, ua kū pololei nā puke, ke kumu i kau pono'ia ma luna o ka pūnaewele, loa'a kahi inoa ma'amau no kona'ano - ka mo'omeheu wiki. I kekahi manawa, ho'ohana'ia ka hua'ōlelo "flash-journalism" no kēia manawa (hiki mai ia mai Adobe Flash, he mea ma'alahi a kaulana i ka hana'ana, ka pa'i'ana a me ka ho'oponopono'ana i nā'ike multimedia pūnaewele).

Ma waho a'e o ka ho'ohana'ana i nā mea hiki o ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele puni honua ma ka ho'okumu'ana a me ka ho'onui'ana i kā lākou'enehana, ho'opuka pū nā puke pa'iho i nā kumu'ike e loa'a ai i nā kumuwaiwai like'ole. 'O kēia mau mea pūnaewele pūnaewele, nā pūnaewele nūhou, nā hānai RSS, nā pūnaewele kaiaulu.

'O ka nūpepa ma'amau (inā he nūpepa lolouile, kahi pūnaewele, a me nā mea'ē a'e) pili pili pono i ka pilina ma ka papa o nā pūnaewele multimedia a me ka ho'ohana'ana i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele no ka ho'olaha'ana i nā mea.

Mai nā mana'o o nā mea hō'eha

Eia na'e,'o ka ho'ohui'ia'ana o nā'ano like'ole o ka puke i loko o kahi waihona'ike waiwai'a'ole i loa'a me nā mea kū'ē'ole a me nā mea kū'ē. No laila, i nā'ao'ao maika'i'ole o ka pāna'i pilikino,'o ka mea mua loa, ka ho'opuka'ana i ka maika'i o ka mea i ho'ouna'ia.

Aia kekahi mau ho'onāukiuki ho'onāhia e pili ana i nā'oihana pūnaewele e hiki ke hana e like me ka'oihana me ka'olu'olu like, e hō'ike ana ma nā'ano like'ole i ka manawa ho'okahi. Eia kekahi,'a'ole'o Western wale nō, akā, no ka'ike'ana i ka puke mo'olelo, ua nui ka mana'o o ka lehulehu, a he nui ho'i ka lehulehu o nā mea'imi media no kēia mau lā.

He aha ka hopena o ka mea heluhelu?

'O ka ulu'ana i nā multimedia'a'ole i hiki i ka synthesize wale nō nā ki'i, nā wikiō a me nā leo i loko o ka'ikepili, akā ua hā'awi pū'ia ho'i ka manawa e ho'onui i nā leka uila i nā kumuwaiwai'ē a'e i loko o ka ho'opuka'ana, e ho'okomo i nā papa koho koho, nā koho a me nā'ōlelo. 'A'ole hiki i kekahi ke'ae aku i kēia ala kokoke i ka'ike'ole i nā mea'ē a'e, a me nā mea like'ole, akā, e pili ana i kona'ike ma ke'ano holo'oko'a. Eia kekahi la'ana, inā ma nā'ano mo'omeheu i hana mau'ia e ka'eneke ke kuleana o ka'ike, a laila i loko o nā'enehana multimedia hiki ke ho'onohonoho'ia kēia hana i kahi wikiō a i'ole puke ki'i ki'i. A'o nā hua'ōlelo i ka manawa like, e hele i ka'ao'ao, e ho'okō i ka'ano o nā'ōlelo ho'ākāka, nā wehewehe, nā po'o.

Like no me ka hoolohe, ua loli dramatically kona OE ano o ka consumer, a ua manawa wehewehe aku ma ka ha awina i oi aku o ka mea heluhelu, ka poe i, ma ka huli, 'o ia hoʻi hopena ma luna o ke kahua' ike. Ma ka manawa like, ua loa'a i nā manawa nā manawa kūpono e koho ai i kēlā me kēia koho o ka hō'ona makemake'ia, nā kumuhana a me ka nui o ka'ike e pono ai.

He aha ka hana hou hou i kēia lā?

Rapid ke kaʻa poepoeʻana o ka 'ike wahi kanaka me ka inevitable nalowale o kekahi palena ma waena o ia hoʻonāukiuki aku iā ia ma hope o ka hoʻohui a Me, ka hoʻoleleʻana a me ka kele'ōlelo loea i kekahi i kekahi.

'O nā pūnaewele media i kēia manawa ke kau nui'ia nei ma ka nānā. 'O ka hō'ike'ike o nā wikiō, nā ki'i, nā ki'i e ho'onui loa i ka loiloi o ka'ike'ikepili, e hō'ike ana i kona hua piha i kahi'ano'oi aku. I ka manawa like, ua'ike'ia nā hui like'ole o ke kani, ke ki'i a me ka'ōlelo; A'o ka'ilikai o ka maika'i o kēia ka'ina hana ua kaupalena'ia wale nō e nā mākau hana hakuhana o ka pū'ulu hana a me ka waihona waiwai.

Eia kekahi, mai kahi hana hope loa i ka ho'okumu'ana i ka puke hou e pā'ani'ia e ka mana'o o ka lehulehu, kahi i'ae'ole'ia ka'ōlelo'ana no ka'ike o nā mea pilina ma nā punaewele. He haneli mau mana'o, he mau palota ma ke koho balota, no ka'ike aupuni a me nā koho - ua lilo kēia i mea ho'ohana waiwai no ka hopena kūlohelohe i ka'ike'ikepili, kahi e pili ana i ka ve'a o ka ho'olālā'ana i nā mea o ka leka uila.

Ho'olālā ka'ilipili i ka'ike

'O ka hui pū'ana o nā media ma kahi huahana e ho'okumu i nā kūlana a me nā kūlana hou i loko o ka hana a nā mea pa'i puke, ka mea i kēia mau lā e loa'a ai nā mākau kūpono e pono ai no ka ho'olaha'ana i nā mea i loko o ka hōpona i makemake'ia. 'O ka hō'oia'ana i kēlā mau pahuhopu, pono ka'enakala hou e ho'olaha i ka'ōnaewele, a me ka hana akamai i nā'ano o kekahi'ano a me ke'ano'ē a'e.

No ka mākaukau pono loa o ka mea heluhelu ma ka'ōnaehana a me ka pono pono, pono i kahi mea hana media pā'oihana ke hana i nā'oihana like'ole. Ma waena o lākou:

• Ka hiki iā'oe ke ho'opa'a i nā wikiō;
• Kākau'ana i kahi'ōlelo'ike a'ike'ike'ia;
• Ho'omana'o'ana i nā pāku'i leo;
• Nā'ike kuhi;
• Ka'ike me ka'ōnaewele blog.

E wehewehe i kou'ikepili, ka mea kākau mo'olelo hou

Mana'o nā koi i kēia manawa i ke ola o kahi mana'o kūikawā, a me nā'ano multimedia no kēlā me kēia limahana o ka huina i ho'ākāka'ia. A pono e hō'ike'ia, i ka mua, ma nā mākaukau hanahana:

• I ka hiki'ana ke pana i nā pūnaewele wikiō a ki'i i nā ki'i;
• No ka hana'ana me nā papahana papapihi like'ole ('o ia ka pili i ka'ike o ka hana o nā papa ho'oponopono);
• E ho'ololi i ka Pūnaewele, e hana me nā'ano ki'eki'e a me nā'ike pilikino;
• 'O ke kūlana ki'eki'e a ho'omohala i nā pono o ka leka no nā kumuhana pūnaewele;
• Ho'omākaukau a ho'oku'u i nā pūnaewele ho'olaha a me nā'ikepili video;
• E ho'ololi i ka kikowaena o ka luna blog (a'o kēia ho'i,'a'ole ka huli wale no ka'ike, akā,'o ka ho'onohonoho pono'ana o nā pūnaewele like'ole);
• E ho'omākaukau i ke alaka'i a me ka hui i kēlā me kēia manawa o ke ao a me ka pō.

'O ka hopena,'o kēia ka pae o nā pono a me nā loea'oihana o ka mea kākau mo'olelo e ho'oholo ana i ka kūlana kūpono i ka ho'okumu'ana i nā puke li'ili'i i mamao'ole mai ka ma'alahi i ko lākou papa.

Ma ka hopena e pili ana i ke kumu nui

'O nā mea heluhelu a pau o kēia au hou o nā'ano ho'olaha o nā'ano like'ole a me nā'ano hana he mau'ike i nā loli nui. 'O ka pahuhopu no ka ho'omohala'ana o ka'imi mo'olelo pa'akikī'a'ole ho'omaha wale i ka ho'ololi'ana i ka pūnaewele kikoo o ka ho'olaha a me ka ho'okumu'ana i kā lākou pūnaewele pūnaewele. 'O kēlā mau'awa kaulike, ka mea ho'ohana pinepine i ka'imikalakala pa'akikī ma nā pā'ani li'ili'i o ka pae'āina a me ka lālā'oihana, ma ke'ano he ho'oponopono i ka ho'okumu'ana i kahi'ano hou o ka media media.

Ke ae pā o ke hoʻololi i ka mea hou waihona i loko o ka converged 'ia mea, e hoʻohana i ka nui helu o kekahi mau ano a me na mea paahana o ka' ike i loko o ka hookahi paʻiʻia. ʻano o ka kikokikona maʻiʻo likeʻole, kiʻi enehana holomua, ka pāpaho, Hawaii photo, wikiō, kaniʻana, i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o kekahi o nā kumu waiwai o ka pä oihana mua no ka hoolohe ana - i ka mea a pau ma luna o nā mea maoli e malama noniakahi ike journalism, e haawi ana ia mea hoʻohana i ka maikai, oluolu, e ike i ka informative nā me i kā mākou mōakaaka a me ka uku ole ia mai olelo o ke kino me ka noʻonoʻo.

Na wale oiaio nīnau, i ka pilina o ka mea e mahuahua wale i ka pau wā o? Acaeoey o converged Media - ka mea, o ka mākaukau o ka hana aʻo, nā mākau a me ka mindset i pono e hiki ke hoolako i ka hoolohe ana me ka pāpaho maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe maoli e like ai.