'O ka no'ono'o māmā - ka hopena maika'i no ka hana a me ka ho'olālā'ana

I kēia wā, hana'ia, a me nā mea i ho'ololi'ia. Kula Kaiapuni 'o nā mea huihuina o ka puna pele ahupapa me. Ho'olei pono i nā mea i ho'ohana'ia no ke kūkulu'ana i nā paia a me nā pāpale o nā hale. Ho'ololi'ia ka pōhaku ma ka māmā māmā. He aha lākou? He aha nā'ano loea? 'A'ole hiki i ka po'e noho o nā hale o ka wā e hiki ke ho'oku'u i ka ho'oilo? A i ke kauwela? 'A'ole anei lākou e ho'oku'u i ka wela? E ho'ā'o e ho'omaopopo.

'O ka hui'ana o ka mīmū, nā mea nui porous, ke one a me ka wai i ho'ā'o mua'ia i ka hopena o ka makahiki'umikumamāiwa. Akā na'e ua ho'ololi hou'ia ia ma ka hana'ana. I kēia manawa i ka makahiki iwakālua. Ua'ike'ia nā kuhi māmā i nā makahiki he nui ma hope. 'O kona ho'oka'awale'ana mai nā mea i hala mua aku,'o ia ka nui kiko'ī. Inā'ōlelo i ka'ōlelo loea, a laila,'a'ole e'oi aku ma mua o ho'okahi tausani'ewalu haneri kilokika ma kēlā me kēia'ōkuka. 'O ka manawa wale nō i mana'o'ia he pa'akikī. Loa'a i kēlā'ano waiwai hana akamai i ka hiki o ka claydite a i'ole ka slag. No laila, ua kapa'ia kēlā'ano'ano he mākoki claydite. Akā, hiki i ka maika'i ke hana maika'i i ka hana'ana, akā e loa'a ana nā'ano like'ole: ke kuhima polymer, ka lima no'ono'o, ka pahu hana polysterel. No ka mea hea ka mea i hana'ia a ma hea kahi e ho'ohana'ia ai? 'O ka pinepine māmā ka māmā no kahi baseball, nā papahana mua o nā hale, nā ki'i. Hō'ike'ia kēia ma ke'ano'o ia mau pāhele e mahana ana a, no laila, e mālama i nā kumukū'ai.

Mai ke'ano o ka māmā kaumaha māmā e kau'ia ana e nā'ano ki'eki'e ki'eki'e, ka mea kaumaha'ole, ka mālama'ana i ka wela. Kēia mau 'ano o ka hale pono i paʻa i loko o ka hana o ka kiʻekiʻe-ala hale. 'O nā'āpana māmā ma'amau i nā'āpana porous, he'oi aku ka emi iki i nā ikaika. Ua ma'alahi ka nīnau. Ho'opili'ia lākou ma ka ho'okomo'ana i ka ho'oikaika'ana i loko o ka hale.

'O ka nui o ka ho'olaha nui'ana o ka pilakō ka māmā i kahi hana kūlohelohe. He hana maoli kēia, no ka uku o ia'ano. Ma kā lākou mau hana ma ka hana'ana, ua māhele'ia ka kuhi māmā i'elua'ano. Me Kinohi -ʻia no ka haawe ana-e lawe ana i na pa a me ka porous filler, he mau 'umekaumaha o ka oi ma mua oʻehā haneri tausani kānaka kilograms no cubic mika. Ke kāhea nei lākou he "hana kūpono" kūikawā. 'O kekahi'ano'ē a'e, a, no laila,'o ka hamohana wela. Ke'ōlelo nei ka inoa no ia iho. Ho'opili'ia i ka wā e kūkulu ai i nā paia pā'ole. 'O ka kaumaha o ia mea'a'ole e'oi aku ma mua o elima haneri kilokika i kēlā me kēia mika.

'O nā paia o nā hale,'a'ole wale nō ka noi no ke kuhi māmā. Ua hō'oia'i'o'ia lākou i ka wā e ninini ana i nā'ano ho'onani. Ua ho'onui'ia kēia ma nā'ano'oihana ki'eki'e. 'O kekahi kaumaha iki i hana'ia i ka ho'okūkū pa'akikī i ka hana'ana o nā mea e ho'onani'ia me nā mea kaumaha. 'O nā'elima, nā pilasters, nā'ōhū, nā hua o nā lima o nā haku e puka mai me ka nani a me ka nani.

He māmā ka pahu hana,'o ka GOST e mālama ana i nā kūlana a pau, he hopena maika'i loa no ka hana kūlohelohe, ka hana'ana o nā pā, nā pā a me nā mea i kūkulu'ia e pili ana i ka hana.