'O'Ibsen "Hale Kūkini", a "Nora"

I ka manawa o nā kenekulia 19 a me ka 20, i ka wā o nā'āina a pau i'ike i nā mea ko'iko'i, nā mea make, ua hānau'ia ka inoa o ka mea kākau mo'olelo'o Ibsen. "House House" -'o ka hana a kēia mea kākau, i kapa'ia'o Nola, i ho'ohālikelike i ka'uhane o ia manawa: nā mana'o kipi, nā mana'o kānalua, nā hihia pono, nā ho'ā'o e mālama i nā maka o ke kanaka ma nā'ano pa'akikī a me nā hihia.

He nui nā mea kākau i ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia 20 i no'ono'o i nā pilikia like'ole, e'ike ana i ka hanu o ka loli a me nā hanana hopena e hiki mai ana. Ua'ike pū nā kānaka no'ono'o i kahi manawa pa'akikī o metamorphosis a me nā kumu ku'ikena, a ua'imi'ia nā pane ma nā hō'ike,'o kekahi o ia hana'o "Doll House". Henrik Ibsen no a hiki i ka playwright o ke kula kahiko, a me kana hana mea nui ke aloha a me ka oluolu kahe ana o ka pepa ma luna o ke kahua, a loko o ka waha o na nā mea hana keaka, no laila ia i loaa i ka puu o ka hiʻona i ka mea kākau o ka play, lilo ana i nā hualoaʻa a. I Rūsia i kēlā manawa, ua hana nui'ia kāna'oihana ma Moscow Art Art theatre.

No laila, pehea ke'ano o nā pilikia i uhi'ia e'Ibsen, nona ka "Dollhouse" i no'ono'o ai'ole e'ike pono i nā mea heluhelu a pau e'ike i kahi o ia iho ma nā mea o ka pā'ani? He kūpono ka ho'ololi'ana i ka pilikanaka o ka mea kākau. He kanaka maoli ka mea pā'ani ma ke'ano o ka hua'ōlelo: stern, reserved, pono, principled, hiki iā ia ke mōhai aku iā ia iho, inā'o nā mea i koi'ia. He mea ko'iko'i loa no ka pono o ke kaiaulu, ua no'ono'o'o ia i ka'ohana a me ka ho'okumu'ana i ka mare ma ke'ano nui,'o ia ka hopena o ka hau'oli pili i ka mea kākau. A'o ka mea mua i ho'oka'ulua'ole i ka uhi'ana i nā manawa kū'oko'a a me ka hohonu mai ka noho'ana o ke kāne a me ka wahine i mana'o mua'ia'o ia iho'o Henrik Ibsen.

"Hale Puppet" - kahi lumi lumi me kahi helu li'ili'i. 'O ka mea hakakā, he wahine ia'o Nora, ka wahine a me ka makuahine o nā keiki, i ma'a mau i ka'ike'ana i ke'ano o ka noho'ana o ka'ohana a me ka mālama'ana i kahi home. Akā,'a'ohe mea e pilikia ai kona ola, no ka mea, aloha nui'o ia i nā keiki a me kāna kāne, a he maika'i nā mea a pau, inā'a'ole no kahi huna pōpō. A lohe o Torvald, Nora ka kane haule maʻi, iholaʻo ia i ka aie i ke kālā i loko o ka ole he maʻemaʻe i loko o ka lima o ke kanaka nana i koke wahi a hoʻomaka e blackmail i ka wahine. Makemake ke kālā kālā e lawe i kahi ma kahi āpau kahi e hana ai'o Torvald, a ho'ouna i nā leka me nā mea ho'oweliweli, kahi i loa'a i kahi kāne'ike'ole. Ua weliweli'o ia i ka'oia'i'o i hō'ike'ia iā ia e ho'opuka'o ia i kāna wahine no ka ho'opunipuni e like me he wahine hewa maoli'o ia - maka'u i kāna'oihana, maka'u'o ia i ka hō'ino a'a'ole e ho'ā'o e pale i ka mana'o o kāna wahine. Ke hō'oia nei'o Thorvald i ka ho'oku'u'ana i kāna wahine i ka pono e hānai i nā keiki. Ke hiki aku ka wela o ke aloha i kona apo, e ha'alele koke ka mea kālā i kāna mau koi, e ho'oholo ana he mea nui ka wahine i maka'u.

Akā inā pau ka pā'ani i kēia,'a'ole ia he'Ibena. "Ka Hale Hō'ike'ike" e pani ana i kona mau pahu puka, ma hope iho e hō'ike'ia ana kekahi hō'ike pono. Ua hau'oli'o Torvald no ka hiki'ole i ka pilikua ke kaohi iā ia mai ke alaka'i'ana i ke ola ma'amau, a ke ola nei me he mea'ole lā. Akā'a'ole hiki i ka Nola ke ho'opoina i ka hana a kāna kāne a kala aku iā ia. Ua'ike'o ia ua kūkulu'o ia i hale pā'ani no ka wahahe'e, a no kēia manawa ua hā'ule, no ka mea,'a'ole ia he mea e like me ka hana i ka "pono" wahine. Ua ho'oholo ka wahine e ha'alele i ka hale a ha'i i nā hua'ōlelo make a me nā mea weliweli no kēlā manawa'o ia, ma ka mea mua, he kanaka ia,'a'ole he makuahine a he wahine paha. No laila, ha'i aku'o Henrik Ibsen i ka puke mo'oko'a o kahi manawa hou e pono ai i nā moena e pale aku, i ola nā kānaka i ka mea like'ole, a'o nā wāhine e like i ka hui like o ke kaiāulu.