Pake fluke. Clonorchiasis: symptoms, lapaau. parasites o ka ke kanaka

Clonorchiasis kanaka - biogelmintoz trematodozov mai ka pae wehewehe aku ma kekahi iniiaiie lesion o biliary'āpana, pancreas a me ka ake parenchyma.

epidemiology

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai - he kanaka mailoko o klonorhami. Eia hou, ka wai hoopilikia i ilio a me nā pōpoki. Chinese fluke Ua laha ma Japan, Vietnam, China, North Korea, ka Amur pa holoi, Obi a me Primorye. Helminth hua anao? Aou me faeces ma ka koʻana koko meakino ale clams cercariae (larvae) e hana i loko o ke kino o i ka hola 14 lā. Ma hope o hui 'ana me ke kino o ka larvae o ka iʻa a me ka crayfish mai o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, ka mea, e hoomaka ana i ka neʻeʻana i loko o nā nāʻiʻo a me ka subcutaneous'aʻaʻa. Penei, he metacercariae. Clonorchiasis poe iho mailoko o ka ai maka oukou ia mea, insufficiently wela malamaia lakou nei, ka iʻa a me crayfish. A hoʻomōhala i ka clonorchiasis. ʻO nā mea maʻi 'symptoms pele hoʻomaka e hele mai ma hope o ka pathogen komo i ka uuku liʻiliʻi.

Flukes: ano

Trematodes (flukes) - ilo, e pili ana i ke 'ano o ka flatworm. E like me ka rula, ka mea i lau-hoʻokino. Lākou nui loli aʻe ma luna o ke akea huahelu mai 0,1 mm o ke 15 knm ka lōʻihi. Chinese fluke hiki parasitize i loko o ka meaola o ka holoholona a me nā kānaka. A pau 'ano o nā flukes i parasitic Aloha Hawaii.

Morphology a me kālaimeaola o trematodes

Kino trematode constricted ma dorsoventral ao ao. Cuticle pu me ka muscular, ahu iho i hana i ka ili-Muscle sac ma i ka na nā loko i ke aupuni '. i paa ma ka mea o kūikawā muscular kino Flukes - suckers. Aia paha e elua - ku una a me ka abdominal. ʻO nā loko o ka fixation makia a hiki e wahi no hoi a hiki i ka cuticle a me ka glandular lua.

alimentary kahua

Ma ke alo o ke kino, ua IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE ku una sucker, Aia ma ka lalo waha hamama. Over ka waha e pharynx (pharynx) a me ka elongated esophagus. Intestinal Tube - mau slepozakanchivayuschihsya kumu. Anus ma ka palahalaha o ka ilo pele mea ole. I koe unhydrolyzed ai lele mai ma ka waha. Part o ka mana o ke flatworms hiki e lawe mai ma ka tegument.

Ko mākou hopohopo a me ka excretory kahua

ʻO ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana maupaʻa nā aʻalolo ganglia, aia ma lalo o ka pharynx, a me nozzles holo ana i nā māhele o ke kino. Excretory'ōnaehana ua poe ia e ka luna 'nenoaiie o tubules i kuahene mau excretory leki uea.

reproductive kahua

Ke reproductive nenoaiu o trematodes ua loa pono ke kino. Flukes (koe Schistosomatata ano o ka Poeikohoia) - hermaphroditic (bisexual kanaka).

Male reproductive nenoaiu, like me ka rula, he o mau testes. E haele oukou pela mai ia vas efferens, a i pili i ka hoʻomaopopo like vas deferens. Ua Ua ana puni ma ka cirrus sac (kūikawā muscular sac). I ka hope loa o ka vas deferens - cirrus (copulatory hui, kēia).

Ka 'ole o ka wahine reproductive i hoʻomākaukauʻia ka loaʻa o ka ovary, jajtceprovoda, ootype, spermatheca, Vitellaria Laurerovy wai Mehlis' gland a me ka uterus, a welau a me ka wahine wahine puka.

etiology

Ke causative hope paha o clonorchiasis fluke - Chinese fluke. Ua pili ia i kaʻohana o nā ilo Opisthorchidae - Clonorchis sinensis. First bot ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma McConnell i ka 1874 Chinese fluke i loko o ke kanaka kino ke parasitize mai i ka 40 makahiki. Kino helminth palahalaha, lanceolate 10-20 mm o a me ka laula o ka 2-4 mm o. trematode hua i malamalama-gula kala like 'ole, ma kekahi o kaʻauamo o ke chap mea maopopo i nanaia. Clonorchis sinensis i kanaka makua ke kahua e parasitize nā loko o kānaka, a me ka carnivorous mammals. Ka hope i ka definitive kaua. Me he wahi hana freshwater clams, keu - freshwater crayfish a me ka carp ka iʻa.

Lifecycle trematodes

trematodes ola kalapona ninoieo o eha manawa:

• embriogonii;
• partenogonii;
• tsistogonii;
• maritogonii.

Embriogoniya - ma embryonic ulu o ka germ keena ma ka hua manu mai fertilization e trematode miracidia OAAIeOO. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia pae no e pili ana i ka mahina. Partenogoniya - posleembrionalny wā o? Acaeoey o ka larval ke kahua ma ka kino o ka puali waena. Hooku iho la ia pae hoomaka mai ke kahua mai o sporocysts ma mua o ka cercaria i loko o ke kaiapuni. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia wā e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane mai elua pule a hiki i na malama elima.

Tsistogoniya - huli ana kaʻina hana ma ka cercaria adolescaria (i loko o ka papa) ole metacercariae (kino kula hope puali). Tsistogonii Duration - mai kekahi mau hora a hiki i na malama elua.

Maritogoniya - i ka wā o ka? Acaeoey o flukes i loko o ka definitive koa meaola i moe waiwai nui (imago), i ka Naauao na hua i loko o ke kaiapuni. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia kahua - mai ka hebedoma kekahi a hiki i na malama elua.

pathogenesis

Nā mea maʻi e noho ana i loko o endemic wahi hoʻomōhala e hoʻonele i ua hele mai ka makuahine i ke keiki ma ka transplacental. Nolaila, ua diagnosed ia kanaka, naʻe ka maʻi, akā, ka mea, ua he mehana papa. Hp'pnphp i ka hooulu ana o ka pathology mea trematode ma paʻi hopena, e pili ana haumāna microflora, neurotrophic kāna hana, ʻawahia a me ka allergic reactions. Eia kekahi, klonorhi i cirrhotic loli ma ke akepaʻa.

maʻi symptoms

Inā 'oe i ua diagnosed clonorchiasis, maʻi symptoms i like i ka opisthorchiasis. Ma ka huʻi pae o ka maʻiʻaʻai mea na hiohiona lilo o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, malaise, nawaliwali, hoikeana o allergic reactions. Me ka Holomua o ka maʻi i hoike mai ai ia hiʻona characterizing akepaa, pancreas, a me biliary'āpana. E hoomanawanui i ohumu o ke kuni, a me ka loaʻeha IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE i loko o ka hypochondrium akau.

Hiki complications o ka maʻi

Kēia hiki e:

• maʻi cholecystitis;
• cirrhosis;
• maʻi gastroduodenitis;
• pancreatic Ka maʻi 'aʻai a me ka'ōpū;
• maʻi hepatitis.

pathology lapaʻau '

ʻike, ua nānā 'ana i lapaʻauʻikepili a me epizootic a me ka gelmintokoprologicheskih haʻawina. E möakäka hou i kaʻike, paka biochemical Ka Ikepili o ke koko (huina kumuʻiʻo, koko kōpaʻa, bilirubin, ha awina o 'ākilikai phosphatase, aminotransferases, amylase, trypsin, a me ka lipase), ua hoakaka hana (cholecystography, ultrasound hookolokolo ana o ka gallbladder, akepaa, pancreas, fibrogastroduodenoscopy) a me ka serological (hoopakele ia , RIHA, PCR) ki ina hana like.

Inc

Inā ka hoʻomanawanui i diagnosed clonorchiasis, lapaʻau e e luna ':

• dietetics;
• anthelmintic ai '( "biltricid", "Niklofolan", "hloksila");
• antihistamines ( "kalipuna gluconate", "loratidine," "Suprastin");
• nonsteroidal Anati-hoʻoʻino ai '( "Ibuprofen", "Nimisulid");
• nā'ūhū ( "Panzinorm", "Mezim", "Creon");
• Sorbents ( "Enterosgel" "ataxia", "Polysorb");
• antispasmodics ( "papaverine", "No-Spa", "Mebeverin");
• macrolides ( "oleandomycin", "Spiramycin", "azithromycin", "Roxithromycin", "Fluritromitsin");
• cholagogue ai '( "Xylitol" "Sorbitol", kulina silika, immortelle, ala puhaka, ka mineta lau);
• gepatoprotektory ( "Essentiale", "Ursohol").