Palani King Francis II a me Mary Stuart

I ka wā e hiki mai King Francis II i hānau i loko o ka ohana o Henry II (1519-1559) a me Ekateriny Medichi (1519-1589). Ua hiki i kaʻumikumamākahi o ka makahiki mare kau mau, January 19, 1544. Ua ka inoa o ke keiki ma hope o kona kupunakane, Francis I. No i ka mea i Ana i ole i hiki ke hanau i ka hooilina, ka mea i wehe 'ia mai ke aliʻi, ka mea i noho ana me kona mau punahele Diane de Ka Poitiers.

babyhood

Francis II ulu i loko o Saint-Germain Palace. Ka mea, ua i ka noho ana o ka Parisian suburb ma luna o nā kapa o ke Seine. Ke keiki i bapetizo February 10, 1544 ma Fontainebleau. King-kupuna kāne i ka ia me ka Naita ia ia. Godparents lilo Pope Paul III a me ka makuahine Margarita Navarrskaya.

I ka 1546 i ke keiki i alii kiaaina ana o Languedoc, a me ka makahiki ma hope loaa i ka inoa o Dauphin, ma hope o ka make ana o kona kupuna kāne a me ka makua kāne, Henry II lilo ke alii. Ke keiki, he nui mentors, a me ka Helene nä känaka 'epekema mai Napela. Ke kaikaina hooilina? Anoee hula a me ka pa (ia i ka hoailona o ka maikai i hiipoi ma ia manawa).

mare hui

Nui i ka ninau o keʻano kaua, a me ka mau nō lā hoʻi o ka mamo aliʻi. hoʻoholo Henry II i kana keiki, e loaa no ia i kana wahine, Mary Stuart - Queen o Kekokia. Ua Ua hānauʻia ma ka December 8, 1542, a mai nā lā loa mua loaa i kona inoa, no ka mea, alaila, o ka make ana o kona makuakane, James V. I mea, no ka mea, rula o ka hoʻopuniʻana hoahanau o Dzheyms Gamilton (Earl o Arran).

Oiai ke kahuna nīnau ua hoʻoponopono. Palani a me Kekokia ua Hui'āina. Enelani lanakila lākou Protestant ekalesia. No laila, i nā luna o nā'āina ekolu mea i nui o ka wikiwiki i loko o ko makou manao kuikahi nei,. A lohe o Kekokia hope lanakila 'o ia i ka "Farani" aoao, nā kaukaualiʻi hoʻoholo ihola e haawi aku i ka wahi alii wahine o ka Dauphin mai Paris. Ke initiator o keia hoao ana lilo Cardinal Devid Biton, ka poe i hookuu aku la ia Hamilton.

I ka Ia manawa ma koke i ka aina ma ka Beritania poʻe kaua. Ua luku Hui ekalesia, a ua hōkaiʻia ka kua'āina aina. Protesters o ke kahua kanaka makau aku i ka Hawaiian kaukaualiʻi, ka poe i makemake ole i ka e concessions i kona hema hoalauna. Hope Kahu Kula Maria huli no kōkua i Farani. Noho iho la na hao wale ia makahiki, no ka mea i hai mua ia o ka mare ana. Ma 'Aukake 1548 Maria, ka mea e huli elima makahiki, e noho ana ma luna o ka moku, a hele aku la a hiki i ka wā e hiki mai kane.

Wedding o Maria Stuart

Girl, i waena o nā mea a pau, ua hoʻi ka moʻopuna a Claude de Ka lākouʻaʻahu - nā hoa o Farani a me kekahi o ka loa influential nā aliʻi i loko o ke aupuni. He i malama no ia, a kōkua ma ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo a kona make ana, a loaa i ke kaulana o ua aliʻi lā i ka 1550. Ka wahine mare ua unusually lōʻihi no o kona mau makahiki, iā François II, ma ka mea ku ole, e wehewehe aku ma ka ulu haʻahaʻa. I loko nō o kēia, i ka wā e hiki mai Henry II ma-kānāwai iʻono ai, a olelo mai la oia me ka manao, i na keiki hele a maʻa i kekahi i kekahi ma manawa.

Ka ahaaina mare i wahi April 24, 1558. Ke hou mare hana ia ma ka wā e hiki mai i nā mamo o ka hui, e e hiki i ka hui pu iho i ka noho alii o Kekokia a me Farani ma lalo o hoʻokahi koʻokoʻo aliʻi. A, o Maria ka ka nui-moʻopuna o King Henry VII. Kēia mea e haawi mai i kana mau keiki i ka kupono kumu, e koi aku i ka noho aliʻi ma Lākana. A kona make ana, Francis II koe alii hoopili aku la o Kekokia. Kēia inoa i ole e haawi i ka mana maoli, akā, hoʻopaʻa i ke kūlana o ka luna o ka wahine. Akā, i ka hui i aole au i nā mamo a lākou pōkole mare ana. Kēia ka ukuia a hiki i ka manawa'ōpio wale nō o ka Dauphin a me ka hiki ia maʻi.

succession i ka noho aliʻi

ka ahaaina mare (10 July 1559) māhunehune o ka makahiki ma hope o Francis II o Valois i ke alii no ka mea, o ka mea untimely make ana o kona makuakane. ka ahaaina mare mai o kekahi o kana mau kaikamahine Henry II kaulana a me ka mea maʻa mau hooponopono joust. King kaua mai a me kekahi o na hoa - Gabriel de Ka Montgomery. Kauna ihe wawahi i ka iwi o Henry, a me kona kūkala i ke alii kiaaina ana i loko o ka maka. Ka eha hoao ona e like kumu li nui. King make, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ke kōkua ia i hoomakaukau i ka maikai kauka ma Europe, a me Manuela Vezaly (hoʻokumu o kēia'anatomia ao). Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka make ana o Henry i wānanaʻia Nostradamus, ka mea, incidentally, ua ola i ia manawa.

September 21, i kau 1559 Francis II o Valois ma Reims. Keʻano hana o ka hoomoe ana i ka pāpale aliʻi waiho ia Cardinal Charles de Ka lākouʻaʻahu. I ka pāpale aliʻi hoʻi, ua ai kaumaha i ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo i, e kākoʻo iā ia. kekahi o nā kūlana o nā kuhina o ka par me nā mākua kāne o Maria no lākouʻaʻahu ano Charles ua. He hoi he ole nui ma luna o ka makuwahine o ke keiki ka hoakaka, Ekaterina Medichi. Ka mea opiopio mō'ī kana a pau kona hoʻokoe manawa ma ka lealea: huli holoholona, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia kahua kolepa o, a hele aku la amusing i loko o ko lākou mau hale aliʻi.

Kona makemake ole e delve i loko o ka oihana e pili ana o ka moku'āina, a hiki hou wahie ka inaina ma waena o kekahi mauʻohana aloaliʻi, iini nui hoikeana o maoli mana. Giza, a maoli lilo kānāwai o ke aupuni e huli na pilikia i ke kai, kela mea keia mea o ka i ua superimposed ma ka 'ē aʻe.

Pilikia a me ka Waihona

Ka mea mua i ke kālā pukana. Francis II a me Mary Stuart loaa i ka noho aliʻi ma hope o kekahi mau kumu kūʻai nui na kaua a me na Habsburgs, hoʻomaka 'o ka mua Valois. Ka moku'āina aie i ke kala mai i nā kapa, i kūpono i ka aie o 48 miliona francs, oiai ke aliʻi waihona no ka makahiki loaa wale 12 miliona makahiki.

No ka mea, o keia, hoomaka ae la Giza e alualu i ka manao o ke kālā makauliʻi, a i kekahi o na kumu no kā lākou unpopularity ma kaiāulu. Eia hou, na hoahanau hookaawale i uku koa. Ke koa Ua nui hoemi, a me na koa, lilo kā lākou mau hana, a laila, hanai aku la i loko o ka powa a komo i loko o kaʻoihana kaua, Ua oi aku, mai ka confrontation o nā mea a pau ma luna o nā mea a pau. Au ua pöʻino a me ka pahale, no ke kahe kā lākou hana maʻamau.

kuwaho

Ma kuwaho, Francis II a me kona mau kuhikuhipuʻuone a ho'āʻo e hoʻomau pono e paipai a me ka malama i ka maluhia i hahai i ka pau ana o ka Italia Wars. Ua ua i ka moʻo o ka pūʻali o onei, Hohola i loko o ka wā mawaena, mai 1494 a hiki i 1559. Henry II koke ma mua o kona makeʻana manao Kato Kambreziysky honua. I ka berita o lakou a mau pepa.

Ka 'aelike mua i kakau inoa i ka Queen oʻEnelani Elizabeth I. E like me ia ia ia, no ka Farani i paa pio Calais kahakai, akā, ma ka kūʻai, Paris i e uku 500.000 leialii. Eia naʻe, Giza,ʻalo me ka nui o ka aie i loko o ke aupuni, ua hoʻoholo ihola,ʻaʻole e hāʻawi aku i ke kālā no ka pā kaua. Manawa i hoike ia 500 000 ECU ua noho wale ma ka pepa, oiai na feces hoao waiwai i loko o Farani. 'Aʻohe ua kue, a me Francis II. Kawaihae no ka opiopio mō'ī'ōlelo eloquently e pili ana i mea ia i makemake ole e lawe i ka Initiative i loko o ko lākou mau lima.

ia kenekoa concessions

Ka lua o ka berita, i kakau ia ma Cateau-Cambrésis, a laulea kakou Palani a me Sepania. He ua nui aku ola. France Ua nalowale nā'āpana. Ua haawi mai la ka Habsburgs Thionville, Marienburg, Lukemapuka, e like me kekahi mau mea i loko o ka Charolais a me Artois. Duke o Savoy (Spain Ally) i loaa mai Paris, Savoy, Piedmont. Repubalika o Genoa hele i Corsica.

Francisʻaʻole hiki akā, e hooko me ka aelike o kēia, i unuhiʻia mai e kona makua kāne, no ka mea, o ka mea Spain hope i ke alakai kulana i loko o ka Old World, iā France noho ma ka na me ka hakaka, hiki ole ke hana aku i kekahi mea, e hooki aku i keia.

Kekahi hana hoihoi 'wahi o ka aelike i ua Emmanuel Philibert (he makualiʻi o Savoy) mare Auntie Francis, Margaret. Keia mare ua mua, ua hooko aku i ka noho alii ana o ka mea opiopio mō'ī. Kekahi ahaaina mare i wahi ma waena o Pilipo no Spain, a ke kaikuwahine o Francis - Elizabeth.

No hoi i ka noho alii ana o Francis Hoomau iho la lakou lengthy naʻe me ka Sepania lei aliʻi ma luna o ka repatriation o na pani hakahaka ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o ka mokuna. Kekahi o lakou e noho ana i loko o na halepaahao, no ka makahiki.

I ka Ia manawa i loko o Kekokia uprising hoomaka haku Kalawina ku ei ka Palani kūlana o nā kuhina. Ua hoʻololi i ka oihana hoomana, laila, a pau ka Parisian man- akia koke ae haʻalele i ka aina.

haipule kaua

Brothers Giza he fanatical Kakolika. Ka mea, ua hoʻokumu pū i ka hou nalu o repression e ku ei na protesters, e noho ana ma Farani. Keia ana ae i ke alii François II, i ka hele-mua ma ka ku okoa ana o ka hana mau mākua kāne o kana wahine. alualu Huguenot a ka nuipa a hooko. Ua lukuia o ko lakou wahi o kaʻaha kanaka a me ka 'ē aʻe, me he mea la i ka lepera Barracks.

Kakolika kū'ē i nā hana o ke Kalawina paha, i kekahi i ko lakou mau luna ma ke alo alii. Ka mea, he loihi aku hoahanau o ka lula Antuana De Bourbon (King o Navarre, he uuku mauna) a me Lyudovika Konde. Ua i kapaia "aoi Prince" ( 'o ia hoʻi ka mea, he mau lala kakou o ka Capetian i nohoaliʻi ai, a noho aliʻi ihola ka lolouila Valois).

Ambauzsky kuka

Ma March 1560, i ka Huguenots ma muli o ka hana o ka Kakolika o ke kahua Ambauzsky kipi. Ua ua, he mea kēia e hopu Francis pio, a puʻe wale aku ia ia, e hoʻomamao aku ia ia iho mai o ka lākouʻaʻahu hoahanau. Eia naʻe, ma mua o nā mea kuka la ia mea a hiki i ke alo alii, a i puʻuhonua ma Ambauze - A kulanakauhale ma ka Loire, a me ka mea i ka naau o Farani. Aka hoi, hoʻoholo ihola i ka poʻe kipi, e lawe i kekahi manawa. Ko lakou hoao nele, i ka poʻe komohewa i, ua make ma kahi paa.

Ua alakai aku ai i ka nalu o ka hoomaau ana o ka poʻe Kalawina. Ka mea, hana aneane me ka hookolokolo ana. Ua hopuia Antuan De Bourbon a me Lyudovik Konde, a kauoha me ka kipi. Ka mea, Ua ola wale ma ka mea e ku e mai i ke alii ka makuahine Ekaterina Medichi. Ua, e like he nui aristocrats ma hope iho ona, ua lōpū ma ka haipule mea, a me ka ho'āʻo ana e hiki i kaʻae like hoʻokuʻu ma kahai ma waena o na Kakolika, a me ka Huguenots. Ua ua i loko o December 1560.

e hoolaulea aku ai Policy

Ma hope o ia mau kuko haipule pilikino E pili lilo softer, i aponoia Francis 2. kona noho alii ana i koho ia e ka mea i ka poe pio a pau i hoʻokuʻuʻia ma ka hoʻomana. Mai ka manawa o Henry II ka mea, ua ka mua ke ola. Ma May 1560, ua puka mai ka edict, ka poe i kakau inoa Francis II. Duke o Brittany (kekahi o kona poe he nui aʻe) no ka manawa mua i olelo mai ai e pili ana i ke ku okoa ana o ka naau.

I o Aperila, i ka Queen Mother o Farani kūkala Kaulike Michel de Ka l'Hôpital. He ua he kaulana kanawai kauwa, haku mele a me ka humanist'āina. Mea kākau paʻiʻia poem ma Roma, ma i hoʻi me ke kahiko Horace. Kona makua kāne i mālama ai ma mua Charles de Ka Bourbon. Tolerant Michelle hoomaka ae la e alualu i ka manao o ka ioeeiiaiey. No kaʻano o ma waena o ka mea e kaua ana confessions i mālama ' ka States Nui (ka manawa mua i loko o 67 makahiki). Soon ma hope o ka olelo i hooholoia, a i de Ka L'Hôpital. He hoopau i ka make hoopai ana no ke karaima e ku e hoʻomana. Ke koena o na hana o ke kulekele i koe ma hope o ka papa, nona ka maka ua Francis II. Children ma luna o ka noho aliʻi, hoomaka ae la e lanakila kekahi i kekahi me onaona coquette hoʻololi Loan.

Francis, a me ka hopena o ka make ana o Mary

Francis II - Alii o Farani - hiki ole malama i Track o kēia mau hanana. Ka pepeiao Emo ole i hanaʻia i ka fistula e kena ae i ka ona gangrene. December 5, 1560 16-makahiki-kahiko mō'ī hala aku ma Orleans. Kona pii ana i ka noho aliʻi ma hope o ke keiki a Henry II - Charles X.

ka wahine a Francis Mary Stuart ka hoi aku la i ko lakou hale aina, kahi a ma ka manawa o ka poʻe Kalawina lanakila. Lākou he mokuahana koi i ka uʻi mō'īwahine ka anaʻe me ka Roma Church. Ke kaikamahine e hoʻokele i kaʻoihana kaʻa ma waena o nā aoao elua a hiki i ke kaua a ka mea i nele i ka noho aliʻi i ka 1567, alaila, holo aku la a hiki i Enelani. Aia ia ia e kali ana i ka Elizabeth Tudor. Plaid Ua hoʻomaopopo i makaʻuʻole palapala me ka Hui Agena me na mea ana i papa hoʻolaukahi ka ho'āʻo ma ka Moiwahine oʻEnelani. E like me ka hopena, o Maria i i loko o 1587 i ka makahiki o ka 44 makahiki.