Apuni ka, ʻaoʻao

Pavlovsk - St Petersburg - pehea e kiʻi ma luna o ka huakaʻi

Ke aupuni 'e hiki mai ana i ke kulanakauhale-meʻe o St. Petersburg Pavlovsk - he integral hapa o ka moolelo o ka'ākau kulanakauhale alii. He nui ka poeikohoia o ka Lūkini imperialʻana noho i loko o laila. Tsarskoye Selo, Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg - Photos o kēia kaʻao mau kūlanakauhale i hōʻike mai iā ia ma kaʻaoʻao. Kā lākou moʻolelo nā lā hoʻi i kaʻumikumamāhiku o ka kenekulia. A, ano, i loko o ka suburban wahi o ka'ākau kapikala ia mea he kuhikuhipuʻuone hale aliʻi a me ka ia? Ea eiiieaen, ka Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk". St. Petersburg ua pili i ka iau o mau papahana ma ke kula o ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu Hawaiʻi o Rusia. Ke kikowaena o ka luna 'o ka Pavlovsk Palace, ka mua kauwela noho o Emperor Paul I.

Pavlovsk, ka mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale

City Pavlovsk Saint Petersburg commuters mea wale nō he mau kilomika mai ka Tsarskoye Selo, ka wahi a puni o ka palahalaha, a me ka poe liilii, ua hiolo puu. Ma waena o na puu e moe i ka loko, ma ka mokuna o untouched nahele ulu. Slavyanka River, i kahe ana i loko o ka Neva, ua ka hou i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi ma ka lokomaikai o ke kulanakauhale i ka lepe puke, i loko o ia mau lā o ka muliwai ka wai ua maʻemaʻe a me ka pono no ka pono o ka heluna kanaka. A i Koho kahua no ka hana ana i ke kulanakauhale o Pavlovsk. St. Petersburg - i loko o ke kanaka o ke Kiaaina-nui - kākoʻo i ka papahana, a hoomaka ae la e kukulu.

Pavlovskaya Sloboda Ua kukulu mai me ka pololei alanui, a me na kanaka] lyudom courtiers, kauwa, artisans a me kauwa - nā kanaka, ma kahi o 300 kanaka ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o Slavyanka. Aia Ka i kukulu i ka ekalesia pohaku o St. Mary, he noa ke kula no nā keiki, a me ka nui lio iwilei.

hoi na mea makau

Paul pakaua, kaulana puʻukaua, me ka dilapidated pakaua mahope mai o ke kaua a me ka Swedes, i hoihoi hou ia e Paul I no ka oihana koa aʻo o ka poe koa luna, ka mea i loko o ka pā kaua i noho ai. A he mau no hoi koa 'Barracks. Au ua ma Pavlovsk a me ka hale no ka polokalamu JavaScript nā pūʻali o Rusia me 30 nohoalii, i ka loa ma ka like ana me ke alii manao.

Ua hana like me ka aloha haukapila no ka pono kanaka 26 moe - no na wahine a me na kanaka, me ka noa lapaau. A eia ka mea hope, ho'āʻo o ka oihana koa haukapila me ka noho 40, i ua mau kipa Paul I.

Kēia i ke kulanakauhale o Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg aina i loko o ka hopena o 18 la kenekulia, i ka noho alii ana o Prince Paul Petrovich.

nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone

Ua kūkulu Palace, a Park Ensemble "Pavlovsk" ma ka huli ana o ka 18th a me ka 19th kenekulia, a me ka manawa i kekahi o ka mea nui loa panorama wahi ulu lāʻau maʻEulopa. Pavlovsk imperial Palace, a me ka pili Park luna 'i kūkulu i makahiki 50 ma ke kūkulu komo nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone o ekolu hanauna: Carlo Rossi, he Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone o Italian ka molekumu o, Dzhakomo Kvarengi, ka Italia kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, follower o ka Palladian kaila o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, Vincenzo Brenna, Italian pena o kuhikuhipuʻuone mea hoʻonani, Hawaiian kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Charles Kailee a me Andrew Voronikhin, Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, follower o ka classicism, kekahi o na Mamua o ka Russian aupuni a pau.

'ole

Heʻahahui Park Pavlovsk i'ōʻia i loko o ke awāwa o ka Slavyanka River, ma luna o nā kona kapa i loko o ka wahi o ka 600 aa. Pavlovsk panorama ua maheleia i eono māhele:

Central District.
"Nui Star".
Neighborhood "Old Ioana."
"New Ioana", he kokoke apana.
"Pāpāiʻawa Field".
"New birch."

kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ke kūkulu

Ka mua pae o ka kūkulu o ka hale aliʻi o ka paka, i lilo ai i ka 1782 ma lalo o ka auspices o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Charles Kailee ma wahi o ka lāʻau keʻena Paullust. Initially, i ka hale o kaʻike mau aliʻi aina me na hale o oicyenoaaiiie manao, a me ka comparatively uuku pāka. Eia naʻe, Paul I, no ka mea, ma ka mea, kūkulu i ka hale eiiieaen, ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i oleʻae me Kailee e pili ana i ka loa o ka paka, a me ka hale iho, i ka wā e hiki mai ia Auguseto makemake oi kilakila Ana. A me Kailee, ma hope o na hoopaapaa, a hiki kāna hana e lawelawe me ka hooilina a hiki i ka noho aliʻi i ka hoʻololi 'ana i kona kokoke, a, e hoʻonui i ka ?? eoi? O ke kūkulu. Ma ka Akuma ka o ka 1782 ua ku i ka papa kuhikuhiE kukulu ana o ka hale i pau, a me nāʻaoʻao keʻena ma luna.

I ka hope loa hoʻokolohua o ka Auguseto ka noho

Koke ma hope o ka poni ana o Paul I a hiki i ka noho alii ana (ma 1796) ka lānai hou i Auguseto kauoha radically hoʻololi lākou kauwela hale aliʻi, e hoʻonui loa kona pa, a? Oaiaaou i ka puni e like me ka mea hope Europaʻano. Ke hoʻoponopono i ka hōʻano papahana i waihoia mai e kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Vincenzo Brenna. Over ka eha makahiki e hiki mai ana Pavlovsky hale i loa hou.

Ke hou hale neo? Aaiiai? Ke alii chancery, a me kona mau mua o ka papa o ka Emperor pili i ke kokoke kauhale o Pavlovsk - Fedorovsky Posad, Tyarlevo, Red Village a me Lipica me ka aina, a me ko na kauwa. Ke kulanakauhale loaa kekahi imperial paa o ke kulanakauhale aupuni, alai ae ia e ka luna kula. Mai laila, hoomaka ae la ka hale alii waiwai? Eaia me nā waihoʻoluʻu. Naʻe, i ka Auguseto i ole kahu ai i ka noho ma kona kauwela noho, March 12, 1801ʻo ia i make ma ka poe kipi.

Pavlovsk ma hope o Paul I

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Emperor Paul I , kana wahine Maria Feodorovna noho ma Pavlovsk. Over ka 27 makahiki o kona alii ana i ke kulanakauhale, a me ka paka, ka oi aku o ka Palace Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mala, i kekahi 'ano kūkaʻi piko. I ka wā o ka Empress make i ka 1828, Pavlovsk oki ia nei e like me ka noho aliʻi. Ke kūlanakauhale Ua huli i loko o ka fiefdom ka hoahanau o Rotehama I, Duke Mikhail Pavlovich kaikaina o, a Radel no ka pomaikai o Pavlovsk, me ke kanaka ole mai hoohalua ana o ka aina a puni ke kulanakauhale no ke kūkuluʻana wahi, he hailona o ka noonoo ana i ka hana o ke alanui. I kaʻikeʻia Mikhail Petrovich ke aloha orphanage a me ka noa iniiaiie kula.

Railroad

City Pavlovsk a Tsarskoye Selo i ka 1836 hui o ka mua Lūkini alahao lōʻihi wale he mau kilomika, akā, kona waiwai ua Mokuna. First "'āpana o ka hao" ua lio-i unuhiʻia, a me ka wa ma hope o ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hele locomotives. Huakaʻi he lealea a me ka ole. No ka Loko kūkulu Pavlovsk Station, i hope huli i ka puolo wahi, a ua lilo ia i wahi no ka honua-papa 'aha mele. Ua mālama 'ia maestro Iogann Shtraus. Railroad hana, a ma ka Akuma ka makahiki 1837 i ka huakaʻi i lawe ohua, mai St. Petersburg.

St. Petersburg - Pavlovsk, a Pavlovsk - St. Petersburg ... How e kiʻi ma laila? Keia ninau ua koke lilo kona pilina me ka Hekikai o ke alahao. City e noho ana i ka Lūkini tsars Ua i nā huli i loko o ke kaila suburb no ke kau, nā kupa o St. Petersburg. I kekahi manawa pōkole wale nō ka hoʻoikaikaʻana o Duke Mikhail Pavlovichʻikeʻia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale: keaka, Meteorological Observatory, he oeʻanuʻu, a me ka lehulehu hale waihona puke.

I ka 1902, ka mea i kūkuluʻia kekahi alahao laina, ma-Vindava Rybinsk kuhikuhi, a i wahi ma Tsarskoye Selo ma ka Railroad i Tyarlevo, a mai Tyarlevo hiki i St. Petersburg. Soon aneane hoomaka i ka Petersburg intelligentsia e hele a ike i ka Pavlovsk a me ka waiwai e lilo aku eiooaa? Ma luna o nā kapa o ke Slavyanka. I ka 1874, i ke kūlanakauhale o ke aupuni i hoopukaia 323 pela no kūkulu o ka aiiia home.

Pavlovsk Palace: Chronology o ke kūkulu

? Ieoaeunoai hoomaka ma May 25, 1782, ka wā i ka pohaku kumu, i waiho ia ma ka imperial Palace.

Year 1783 - pau i ka hana o ka papa kuhikuhiE hale.
Year 1785 - kiai kukulu gale neo? Aaiiai? A me ka oihana ana.
Year 1787 - pau ka piha mea hoʻonani keena mehameha o ka pā kaua.
Makahiki 1796 - ka poni o Paul I, i ka makaukau ana o ka hale aliʻi o ka Emperor? Eaia.
Makahiki 1800 - ka hale pau hou.
Makahiki 1801 - ka pepehi kanaka o Paul I like me ka hopena o ke kipi pili aupuni.
Makahiki 1803 - i ke ahi i luku ai i kekahi hapa o ka imperial Palace.
Makahiki 1805 - i ka hopena o ka hoihoi hou ia hana ma hope o ke ahi.
Makahiki 1808 - ka mea i hanaia kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Voronikhin masterpiece o Kalaiaina mea hoʻonani i kapaia "oihana-Kahauanu", kalaka nui-rotunda Dome, hoʻonaniʻia me nā caryatids ma ka sculptor Demut-Malinovsky.
Year 1824 - kūkulu o ka Pavlovsk Palace hale waihona puke.
Makahiki 1872 - ma ka waena o ka pā hale o ke kia-mea hoomanao "Paul I".
Makahiki 1942 - 1944 - ia? Ea a me ka hale aliʻi eiiieaena Pavlovsk St. Petersburg wahi i na'lii poino e Kelemānia ea kaua, a ua kauʻia ma ka hale aliʻi ma luna o ke ahi ma ka Nazis ma ko lakou hee ana.
1957 - lawe mai i ka lāʻau kū-kaua hoihoi hou ia ana o ka hapa o ka luna ', wehe aʻela ia i hookaawale keʻena o ka hale aliʻi a hiki i ka lehulehu.
1978 - puka 'o ia mai ka piha hoihoi hou ia ana o ka imperial Palace, he kuhikuhipuʻuone eiiieaena "Pavlovsk" i i hookoia ai ka Papa "pihi o Honor".
Makahiki 1983 - ka hale aliʻi, a Park eiiieaena "Pavlovsk" loaa i ke kūlana o ka iau-no?.

Currently hookupaa memo Pavlovsk - St Petersburg nalowale Ua hōʻea ma ka Vitebsk Station. Ke aʻe mea i hiki i ka haʻalele i ka huakaʻi. Mai laila, ma ka nei, e hiki ke hele anywhere ma ke kaʻa 'ohua a kaʻa'ōhua. Akā, ma Pavlovsk - St Petersburg hua lole - ka loa affordable a me ka ike loea pololei o ke amo. He pono he mau i pau ka moni, aneane like kokololio.