Pehea ka noho ana, a make iho la cruiser "Murmansk"

On Christmas kakahiaka 1994 ma mua o nā maka o ke kahaha Norewai lawaia i lawe mai i ka nui kino o kekahi moku kaua e moe ana ma ka lepo, kokoke i ke kahakai. Ua koke ihola ia mea, ua he kahiko Soviet a me ka manawa Lūkini cruiser "Murmansk", ua, nae, o ka Indians kuaiia i hamoʻia mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Ke koke o keia uhane o ka Hawaii War he umikumamawalu makahiki. Akā, i ka moku i loaʻa kona iho mōʻaukala. Ua nui na mea hiki hai aku i kēia Malama Ka kino, ina ia i hiki ke olelo. Ma lōʻihi-haul huakaʻi, gales a me ka hopohopo ...

Ka mua "Murmansk"

Ae, i kekahi manawa ua kekahi moku, ka mea i hanau mai ia inoa. Iloko o ka Tehranʻaha kūkā , Stalin, hoʻomaoe hou i nā poʻo o ka Ally mana, a i ole poina e pili ana i ka puu o ka USSR i loko o ka māhele o ka'auwaʻa i mua capitulated Italy. Ka mea, ua eha mokuluu, ewalu poʻe luku aku, he battleship a me ka cruiser, a pau nei i kūkulu ai. Ma lalo o ka pretext o ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka haawi i ka Americans a me Beritania ua mohai aku i ko lakou mau kaua huahelu, i loa kahiko, akā, ma hope o ke kaua ka mea, i'ōlelo mai ai, e puku i ka Italia. E ho'ōla, i ka makahiki 1944, ma ka no o uku aku i ka Northern'auwaʻa i hele mai i ka moku, a me ka "Milwaukee", Kapa hou i ka cruiser "Murmansk". A moku ma ke kai ua kokoke i i hele mai mai o kona ikaika Anati-mokulele mea kaua i hoʻohana 'ia e hoʻopale ai i ka lani ma luna o ka Bay o Murmansk, ka Arctic a me Vaenga, akā, i loko o keia hihiaʻo ia i pomaikai ae la lakou. Ma hope o 1945, ka "Murmansk" - Ua hoʻi i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia "Milwaukee", a ma hope loaa i ka inoa nani o ka hou incarnation.

New "Murmansk"

Ma hope iho o ka lanakila o ka Soviet Union i ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka polokalamu o hoʻonupaikini o ka Moana. Kona kūkuluʻia hoomaka i ka hope kiʻekiʻe-māmā cruisers o ka papahana 68-bis. Nā shipyards Molotov, Nikolaev a me Leningrad kino o hou moku i waiho ai, i ka mua o ko i ua "Sverdlov", a me ka mea hope, o kaʻumikumamāhā -. Cruiser "Murmansk" Mau huahelu, he e hoolako i ka hale hānai alo o Soviet manuwa koa i loko o nā wai o nā mea a pau i ka moana. Olelo no ka shipbuilders, dictated e hoʻohalahala i kaili wale ia a me kekahi mau paakiki. Inā lōʻihi o na pu ki e hōʻike i maikaʻi ka hoʻohanaʻana a me ka maneuverability ano, a ua lilo kaua i maoli he paki firestorm ina e pono ai. Moku e uhau ana Makuakane me ka pilikia.

Mea kaua cruiser'ātoma makahiki

I ka 1955, he ka helu o ka nui hanana ma ka mōʻaukala o ka Soviet Moana, no kekahi laʻana, ua ho'āʻo ka mua nukelea torpedo, a hoohana no ka mea mua nukelea-mana mokuluu. Once i loko o ka malu o ka hiʻona'āina kaulana i kekahi mea, a paha i manaoia mailuilu haalele ia. April 24 Ua ee aku ma ka hope o ka papahana 68-bis o ka cruiser "Murmansk". An hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o kona oaoieei-ano, ma nā mea a pau i ko lakou nani, ka mea, i holoʻokoʻa i hele mai ma ke alakaʻi laila koa-pili kalai aupuni o ka USSR. A me Khrushchev, First Kakauolelo a me Pale Kaua Kuhina Zhukov moe hou iho nei e pili ana i kekahi mea nukelea, Kao lele lako kaua, a hoi maikaʻi - papa anuʻu loa kai.

A kakini na pu o ka papa kuhikuhiE caliber (152 mm),ʻo ia ke ao kākoʻo (100 mm), 32 Anati-mokulele 'akomi kokololio-ahi pū, he kakini torpedoes - pau keia i ole manaʻo ma luna o nā luna,ʻaʻole loa, haohao o ka manuwa mea. I piha pohupani hale ma 16,3 tausani. Tona cruiser "Murmansk" i ka lōʻihi o ka 210 m, akea 22 m + a me ka hei ana o 7,26 m. It e hiki aku i ka mämä holo i ka 31,5 knots (i ka i ka puu, a ma keia la ka hae) a i ka mana puke.

Aka, ma lalo o Stalin waiho mua i ka moku i kuhi obsolete. Ma luna o ia ma ke kūlana weliweli o ke kalai metala koke ma hope o paneʻe.

Koa hana i peacetime

Mea pōmaikaʻi, ka malamalama cruiser "Murmansk" e kauoha aku nei i ka'auwaʻa e hoʻokele i ka pale, albeit me ka poho, a me kaʻoki. Mai 1963, i ka moku komo i loko o na kino aku, mai ko lākou poʻe hoahānau kai. A laila ka mea, o ka mea maikaʻi, e hoʻouna aku i ka launa aku i ka mea okoa'āina, ka mea i malama i ke kūkulu'ākau o ka USSR i ke kiekie o ka anuanu War, loaa ka honorary inoa o "maikaʻi" (1965) e lawe ma luna o ka papa o ka General kakauolelo Brezhnev (1967) a me nā kūlana hoa. Iloko o ka mea ¶ʻO'Araba-ʻIseraʻela kaua, oia cruising ana ma ke Kaiwaenahonua, a me ka koke i hana squadron, laila, e lawelawe i loko o ka 'Akelanika. I mau, ke Kawaihae o kekahi moku piha o nā hanana, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa nui, e hōʻike i ka mea i ka mea, hele i ka moana mamao hoʻopili like me ka lōʻihi o ka umikumamakahi equator.

Ke resignation a me ka hope lele

Manawa mea inexorable, akā, i ka moku i ka waiho ana me ka mahaloʻia. I ka 1989, i ka hope o ka manawa, ua "pana aku la ia mai" a i mea maikaʻi. Ma Kekemapa o ka ia makahiki, ka cruiser kauoha aku decommissioned a disbanded ke kime. Ka manawa mua, ua ku iho la ia ma kahu kūlana haʻahaʻa, a ma ka 1994 ka mea i kūʻai liloʻia aku ia India no ke kalai hamoʻia mea hiki ke hooheheeia.

O manawa kaumaha e ike pehea pau-o ke ola? Ieaoa ua make ia e scrapped. Akā, i ke kipi 'ano o ka moku, a me ka ia hoikeia'ku auanei ia ma ka hope Episode o kona Kawaihae. Makani ino mai ai i loko o ka Barents Sea wawahi aku towing kaula, akā, mālie i ka manawa kino kupapau ma ka sandbank. Hehee ai iho, aole ia i makemake e e kau Ka Hānai Ā Huhu, no laila, he nui na makahiki auwaha kona kūāhewa.

No ka mea, he nui na makahiki ana i ku ai ma ke kahakai, a wale formidable pu turrets hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mauna o ka metala i hookahi ka cruiser "Murmansk". Photos moku paʻi Europa kaomi, kākau 'atikala e pili ana ia. Ultimately, i ka makau o hiki poino i ke kaiapuni, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e oki i loko o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia. I ka 2013, haʻalele ka moku o ka formidable ole.