Pehea pilikia o Chagas maʻi? Kumu, Symptoms,ʻike, a me ka iapaau ana

I kekahi manawa nā mea kolo e haawi i kekahi kanaka i kokoke nui ka pilikia. Kekahi o ia mau mea - Chagas maʻi, a Chagas maʻi, kena ae la ma ke koko-keikihipa omo kuʻia. Ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka mea oi aku mamua o 100 makahiki aku nei, he kumu ao, mai ka Palakila Carlos Ribeiro Chagas ma mua iho immortalized. maʻi inoa kani okoa, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka puana o ka inoa o kona discoverer. Hana Chagas maʻi mea pilikia loa, a pehea nui ia mea? Ke pane i keia ninau neiʻo ia. Ae, pilikia, eia nae e haule ana na kanaka e noho ana me keia maʻi no ka makahiki me ke ahiahi, ka ike ka mea, i iho mailoko o. Akā, i kēia mea i ke koe ma mua o ka noho alii ana. Ka oi, he pono ole hopena kaumaha maʻi: e hoomanawanui i make i loko o na mahina mua ma hope maʻiʻaʻai. Pehea, a ma kahi 'oe ke lawe i keia maʻiʻaʻai, a no ke aha kanaka ma luna o ka mea, e like me kekahi mau reactions? E ka ho'āʻo e pane.

Chagas maʻi: Geographic wahi

No ka Lūkini, mea pōmaikaʻi, oiai keia maʻi ka mea lahaʻole. Akā, hookahi a kōkua iā ia, mai o mākou i kahi loihi aku, ma kahi e ma Amerika huakaʻi i ke kai. Na ia kulana home 'ole i ka manawa hōʻike a me Chagas' maʻi. Raspostranen Where o ia manawa? Mawaena o na kanaka Hawaii en me nā paʻi i kona? Aaeno? Ma kaʻaoʻao hema American'āinapuniʻole, a ma kekahi mau aina o ka Caribbean, Brazil, Venezuela, Panama, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Kosta Rika, Paraguay, Bolivia, Suriname, El Salvador, French Guiana , Belize, Nicaragua, Honduras. Like no me ka holoholona hihiu, i mea i iho mailoko me Chagas 'maʻi (squirrels,ʻiole, opossums, nā pōpoki, ilio a me na mea e ae, i ka huina o 150? Ueo) maʻiʻaʻai ike hou akau. Ua hāʻawi mai makau i ka maʻi e koke palahalaha ae hohonu i loko o ka 'Amelika' Ākau'āinapuniʻole. Ua loaʻa nā hihia ma Texas, Arizona, hema California a me Maryland. Paipai i Amelika trypanosomiasis ma ka Honua he hoʻonui ai i ka poʻe Polenekia o ka heluna kanaka, ma ka hope 15-20 makahiki, lawe wahi ma luna o kekahi me ka unahiʻole i mea ole verifiable. Kupa o Amelika Lakina aina e, hele i ke ao nei ma ka huli ana i ke ola maikaʻi, iauaeoia oo? Ecia - ma ka huli 'ana o ka hoike ia. Kekahi, he pono ole ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai mea i ka poe ilihune o kēia wahi,ʻaʻole wale puliki i kekahi hana, akā, no ke kala donating koko , a hiki kuai lākou nā loko (puupaa elua, maka, etc.). Ka wā o kéu hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mau mea nui o ke koko transfusion i loko o ka United States hōʻike i ka pou mea me Chagas maʻi oi ma mua me ka hepatitis, a kōkua iā ia,. A ma ka puka o ka make, mai ka naau ho'āhewa wale 'ole congestive naʻau hoʻokō' ole ' kanaka, mai ka Amelika Lakina māhele mea hōʻike i kekahi i loko o nā hana eha iaʻi e, mai ka ia maʻi, wale hoʻoili mea i loko o ka maʻi palapala. No laila, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai kokoke palena o ka wahi o Chagas 'maʻi a pau, aolie e nalo.

ka causative Agena

A uuku-ike a Chagas maʻi - ka maʻiʻaʻai mea microscopic hookahi-aa? Parasites ola - moku peʻa trypanosomes (Trypanosoma cruzi). Lawe ae la lakou i kapa aku i ka Carlos Chagas Institute ma ka hanohano o Osvaldo Cruz. Kēia mau mea i colorless (i loko o ka Hawaii photo, ka mea i hōʻike 'ia i loko o ka hoʻomanawanui ka koko i kohuia peni mäka), a me elongated kino, i' ano like me ka kālī. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao mai o ka flagellum e kōkua trypanosomes holo i loko o ke kino o ka luahi (ka hapanui koko). A hiki ia i ka makemake hui, e komo iloko ma kaʻili lahilahi i loko o na keena, a lilo bezzhgutikovuyu lilo yaytsepodobnogo ano (amastigote). Ma na keena o trypanosomes 'Imi proliferate, ho okumu i hou veretenopodobnyh "keiki" me ka flagella, i komo i loko o ke koko o ka luahi no hou maluhia iho la o ke kino. Loa ino hiʻona o kēia mau microscopic kai o ia ka mea, e hiki ke ho ololi i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana o ka luahi, hahau aku la ia ia, e haawi mai i ke kaua. Trypanosomes mea wale nō parasiticʻaoʻao o ke ola, ana pela i ke alanui: ke kanaka (holoholona) - pilikia - ka kanaka (holoholona). Ma kēia mau koʻikoʻi a hanohano, ke ola kalapona mea he loli o nā 'ano apau loa: mai ka hua i ka makua. Ka mea, i 'Imi hoonui loa i loko o ka opu pilikia, a i hoʻohana no ka resettlement ma ke ola kino.

Aoao o ka maʻiʻaʻai

Chagas 'maʻi, a transporter - he kūikawāʻano o bloodsucking triatominae, lalau i ka hapanui i ka po, oiai oe hiamoe i loko o na keena ma kēia nā mea kolo noho ai. Kekahi i kapa ia he'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka "e honi aku ai," no ka mea, ka mea makemake, e nahu maiʻano nui ma luna o nā lehelehe. Ka inoa apo la. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole na wahi a pau. I Chile a me Argentina, ka mea, i kapaʻia ka papu - vinchuca, i mea insect, a ma Brazil - chinch Barber. A pau i waena o ka nui poʻe kaua triatominae, loaʻa nō 130 laha 'ma Amerika wale nō i loaʻa aku ma mua o 10ʻano likeʻole, i mea na nā moku halihali mokulele o keia microorganism o ka causative Agena o Chagas' maʻi. Ma waho aʻeo ia nā mea kolo, hiki ke iho mailoko o ia e ka maʻi kanaka ma'ō'ō ihe, ka wā i kona koko i loaʻa i loko o ke kino ma olakino contactee na mai hehe ma ka ili. He aha mea,ʻaʻole kōkua iā ia, hou? No laila, pinepine i ka maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka haukapilaʻo ma ke koko transfusion a hui, transplantation. Na kamalii uuku iho mailoko o loko o ka opu, ina ia mea he lawe o ka maʻi. Ka loa maluhia alanui eʻohi i ka maʻiʻaʻai - ma ka ai, i loaa bedbug feces. Kēia hiki hiki mai ina kuhovarili iho mailoko me Chagas maʻi kanaka mai ole oko Hoʻomaʻemaʻe. No laila, e holo ana i keakea aku i triatominae'āina, ia mea kupono e koho i kekahi wahi, e hiamoe hou makaainana (o ka hotele mea maikaʻi), kuai ka lau a me ka hua holoi leʻa, a me ka hale o eatables, helpfully kaumaha aku ma kaiakū poe kuai, mai mea iki.

Pehea oe i loaaʻi ka iho mailoko o

He nui nā poʻe manaʻo i Chagas maʻi ua lalau aku la ia i ka wa a ka pilikia e nahu ma kaʻili, a hoʻomaka e inu i ke koko. I mea mea mea ole. Oe hiki ke nahu he umi, a me ka noho ola. A me nā mea a pau no ka mea, o ka mea maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ ka wā o ka luahi, e trypanosomes Cruz, Aia i loko o nā feces o bedbugs i loko o kou ili ole mucous membranes. Mau nā mea kolo pili ana i nā wāhine, i kahi e ai i laila a me ka crap. Ke kanaka i loko o ka moe hiki ole ke kōkua scratching (a me na holoholona palu) nahu wahi. Mai ka parasites komo i ke kino, a me kona hou nona. Ma iho, he ola i pilikia mea ole pilikia loa. Akā, ma ka biting iho mailoko o kānaka, ua aneane pau loa iho mailoko o ia me trypanosomes, a ma ka hahaiʻaki hoʻolele i ka luahi hou o Chagas 'maʻi. Ke causative hope paha e ola ana a me multiplies i loko o ka insect ka'ōpū. Lele pilikia o kona mau a pau ke ola (ka hola 2 makahiki). Oʻo parasites i aia i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi o ka luahi, a me ka mea, ua kipaku o ka faeces. Once i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, mua na trypanosomes hoonui i nui na mea i loko o ke koko, a laila, noho iho i loko o nā nāʻiʻo (ʻano nui i loko o ka naʻau a me ka gastrointestinal'āpana epithelium). Ilihune kanaka ma RomaʻAmelika noho i loko o ke awa, nui ohana ma dilapidated pupupu, kahi bedbugs ua nui na nooks a me crannies. Pinepine Chagas maʻi iho mailoko o nā mea a pauʻohana lala, a i mau kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa. Food no, manao iho la: keʻena hoʻokolohua holoholona iho mailoko me trypanosomes, i ka wā o ko lakou ili ia i wela.

Ka huʻi ano o ka maʻi

Ua uaʻike ia i ka manawa prokusyvaniya ili bedbug painless a me ka imperceptible. A laila, i loko o ka wahi he mea he wahi ulaula (a me kekahi manawa, aohe), kekahi kanaka malama haanou ana a me ka maneo. Hūnāʻia (incubation) manawa, oiai ka parasite i loko o ke koko o ka luahi assiduously hoʻopulapula, e lawe i ka mau o ka lā a hiki i 10 mau lā, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ikaika o ke kino o ke ahonui, a me kona welelau i allergies. A laila, hiki mai ka ai-kapaia huʻi palapala. Ka mea, iloko oia kau mea loa mea pepehi lethality Chagas 'maʻi. Symptoms nā:

• he oi ala i loko o ke ana wela i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe;
• kuni;
• loa headaches;
• ha pilikia;
• malfunction o ka naau;
• nui eha abdomen, umauma, a pau na nāʻiʻo;
• adrenal ole;
• mahuahua ma ka thyroid gland, spleen, a me ka lymph aka wahi.

Me ka hoike ana o parasites i loko o ke aʻalolo olona, o ka oi aku paʻakikī holo Chagas 'maʻi. Symptoms ma keia hihia e like penei:

• lōlō;
• olelo hoʻopilikia;
• athetosis;
• imi naʻauao ke kino kīnā.

Symptoms:

• haanou ana o na lehelehe;
• haanou ana o ka maka;
• kūʻai bronzingʻili.

Ka huʻi palapala hiki hope elua malama, i ka wā i nui kanaka (oi keiki) make. Ola o ka hoʻoponopono ulia i ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms nalo a me ka maʻi hele i loko o ka aʻe ke kahua. Iho mailoko o kanaka i infectious ma hope 10-11 lā ma hope o ka nahu.

Ka maʻi ano

Ma keia kahua o Chagas 'maʻi hiki ia he lōʻihi manawa nui, aole i hoike mai ai ia ia iho, i ka mea i ike ia ma ka hola 80% o nā mea maʻi. Trypanosomes Kīwala'ō hou i loko o ke koko, a loaa i loko o nā nā'aʻaʻa, a keena o ke ahonui a me ke kiʻekiʻe o luku aku ia lakou. Ka "Chronicle" ma ke kamepiula malama exacerbation alternating me ka piha kala ana. Chagas hōʻike 'na kēia mauʻano o ka maʻi maʻi:

• psevdomiksedematoznaya;
• myxedema;
• ko mākou hopohopo;
• naau.

Psevdomiksedematoznyʻano ua hoailono aku la i na keiki kanaka kahiko, 15 makahiki, a kaikaina. He ano o ka hōʻemi iki mahuahua ma ka thyroid a me ka lymph aka wahi. I manawa o exacerbations i keiki hoʻomaka ke kuni, kuni, tachycardia malama. Parasites infiltrate i loko o ka subcutaneous'aʻaʻa, a ua maopopo maʻi i kona maka. Ke ano nani a me ka redness hiki ke 'ike visually Chagas' maʻi. Photos hōʻike ma ka laulā huahelu o ka hana kūikawā kumu waiwai ma ka 'inikua kanaka, ke kumu, e kau iaʻo Iosepa, kaʻawaʻawa loa.

Myxedemaʻano i kekahi, mai ka mua nui nui ka haunaele ma ka thyroid.

Ko mākou hopohopoʻano mea fraught i kali hou aku; i loko o ke ana o nā keiki a me infantilism.

Cardiac hiki aku ai i ka pericarditis, bradycardia a me nā naʻau pilikia.

Me ka IIeEeAIEUAA o trypanosomes Cruz i loko o nā paia o ka gastrointestinal'āpana nā loko malama achalasia, oa Muscle motility kāna hana o kēia nā loko. Ua hiki aku ai i esophageal iaʻi a me ka mea ulu o ka'ōpū a me ka naʻau liʻiliʻi. Ke hoomanawanui i ka eha, ka wā moni 'ia ka ai a me kona hooholo ma ka esophagus, ka luaʻi, belching, make o ke kino ke kaupaonaʻana mamua o ka kupono ikaika loa ka makemake. Mau symptoms mai i hilinaʻi ma luna o ka hana mau ana o ka ai, a ma laila nō i wai aʻai.

lapaʻau '

Chagas 'maʻi ua hoʻokumuʻia mawaho na hoailona ma ka lapaʻau ka ninaninau ana i ka hoʻomanawanui, a ma ka hou keʻena hoʻokolohua haʻawina o ke koko ma lalo o ke microscope a me serological kālailai. Naʻe, i loko o ka maʻi ano o ka maʻi i loko o ka trypanosomes koko koe haʻahaʻa, ma muli o ia i ka mea i pono, e huai ae ia.

I ka ia mea hiki ole e kaʻawale ka parasite i loko o ke koko hāpana, i ko lakou alo, kulana kupono paha i loko o ka lymph aka wahi (hana i ka biopsy).

No hoi i hoʻohana xenodiagnosis. , Ae waiho nei i loko o ka mea ana i kekahi maʻi kanaka ola kanu keʻena hoʻokolohua bedbugs, a ma hope (ma hope o 14 lā) ao, iʻikeʻia i loko o kā lākou mau naʻau liʻiliʻi parasites paha ole.

Kekahi hōʻike - koko moʻomeheu a me ka pakui ia e ho'āʻo holoholona.

Ma mea nui o ke koko transfusion i kūpono i hoʻohana ', ma muli o ka reactions o kukui hāweo nā mea'aʻaʻa, e like me reactions gammaglyutinatsii ke peleki pāʻana, i mea oi ikepili koʻikoʻi, eia nae, aole i maopopo.

Good hopena a me E hoike mai Laʻana Mashad-Guerreyro. Ua Ua nānā 'ana i ka huina naoh o ka compliment, i mea, o ka ka loaʻaʻana o nā mea'aʻaʻa i ka antigen o ka parasite. Kēia mea o loko i mākaukau waiwai i loko o ka maʻi ke kahua o ka maʻi, i ka wa 'ē aʻe kāu kiʻina hana eʻaʻole maopopo ikaika.

lapaʻau

Currently, eia mua ai 'i ke kōkuaʻoe loa hoʻolilo i ka Chagas maʻi. Lapaʻau i ka hoʻokō, Eia naʻe, wale i loko o ka loiloi mua kahua a i ole na trypanosomes komo i loko o ka nui nā loko. Kēia "Nifurtimox" a me ka "Benznidazole". Ka mea hiki ke kuai i loko o ka US, a he Roma Amerika, pololei ma kuhikuhi. Hāʻawi akuʻikepili lapaʻauʻia i loko o nā mea maʻi me ka huʻi ano o ka maʻi, keiki, oiai relapses, ke ole ka maʻi ano o ka maʻi ua ole e holo mai ana. Ma ka hope o ke kahua, ia loa 'aʻole e hana. No laila, a pau ka hana a na kaukaʻeleu ma luna o ka hana maikaʻi i complications - naau maʻi, gastrointestinal'āpana, ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu, thyroid a me nā nā loko.

Outlook

He nui nā kanaka, oiaio hoi ka poe i hele mai ma hope o ka huʻi ano o ka nohoaliʻi ke ola, mai e ike pehea pilikia Chagas 'maʻi. A i kela makahiki ia ke kumu no aneane 50 tausani kānaka o ka Honua. Ua iho mailoko o ma ka manawa, e like me na koho, mai ka 15 a hiki i 20 miliona, akā, i kēia mau kii, ua ole loa ike loea, like me ka poe ilihune, a me Chagas / Chagas maʻi ua palahalaha ae pakahi aku la ia i lohe nui kukakuka kauka kākaʻikahi. Ke prognosis o keia maʻi e maikaʻi wale nō i loko o ka hihia o ka wā ponoʻike, a me ka lapaau. Ma ka loiloi mua ke kahua, ina o ka manawa ia i, paha loa ke ola. Ma ka hope hiki ole ke ola. No hoi, he mea hiki ole ke hoihoi i ka loli ana i nā loko, a luku iho la ia parasites. Kela a me keia makahiki, ma ka alo o ka maʻi maʻi pepehi nui nā mea maʻi mai ka huʻi naʻau e hemahema, naau ino, hahau ana a me ka 'ē aʻe ola pilikia, kena ae la ia e trypanosomes cruzi.

Kāohi

I hookoe mai i kekahi Chagas 'maʻi, Kāohi Ua nui loa me ka laʻau koʻokoʻo ma luna o Trypanosoma cruzi hakuʻole. ka mea, o keia pilikia no ka noho ana o na wahi:

• i kā mākou nānā i kou hale no ka hoike o ka lewa o ka pilikia i hiki ke hali mai sanitation ma ka home me ka insecticide;
• ina he mea hiki, e kūkulu ma luna o ka moe pale;
• kou niho.

No ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia:

• pakele kipa i ka nani, ka oi aku ma ka hamama kau mau kapa;
• i ka pilikia e hoʻokokoke i ke koho ana i kekahi wahi i ka hiamoe;
• hana ole e hoowalewaleia i ka huakaʻi i ke kai liʻiliʻi no ka meaʻai māmā kaumaha ma ke alanui a me ka makeke kalepa (ina ka mea, aohe pono ia i hoʻomākaukauʻia ai kaʻai, ma muli o ka hygienic rula).

No ka Sanepid:

• huli i nā keiki a mua keiki kona makuwahine i hoʻopaʻa Chagas 'maʻi;
• lawe mai i ka? aeiino? o kahiko hale;
• mau sanitation insecticide? eeuo pa kanaka;
• loiloi a hâʻawi wale koko a me nā mea hāʻawi no e hookolokolo aku la ia akahele.

Aia He He hāpai 'e nana a pau nā meaʻeʻe moku hiki mai endemic aina e, a e pale aku i ka laha ana o Chagas maʻi i loko o ka' ē aʻe wahi. Naʻe, haawiia i ke kiʻekiʻe mea hoʻohaumia o trypanosomes Cruzi holoholona maʻi pilikia i loko o nā makahiki e hele mai ana kaʻaʻole paha ia e hoʻonā 'ia.