Reproductive hana a liluwelo manaʻo nui o ka meiosis

Ke reproductive hana ana o ke kino ua lawe mai ka manawa e pili ana o ka elua gametes (germ aeee) i loko o ka hanana a me ka mahope kūpono 'ana o ke zygote hui ma lalo kino - fertilized Kepakailiula. Ma ka moe makua aeee i ka kekahi kau o ka n-chromosomes. He kapa haploid. Zygote ua lawe i kekahi lākou i kēia mau mea, ia mea he diploid aeea, 'o ia hoʻi, chromosome helu 2n ma laila: hoʻokahi maternal a me kekahi paternal. Liluwelo meiotic mahele kūikawā nui like ma luna o ka halepaahao ninoieo i loko o ka mea e hoomaikai ia ia, i ka haploid halepaahao i hana mai i ka diploid keena.

ka wehewehena

Meiosis ma kālaimeaola ua kapaia ke ano o ka mitosis; manawa i kona diploid somatic keena o ka wahine glands e māheleʻia i loko o 1n gametes. I ka wā o ka Kernel ua fertilized, aia no he kuʻi nukeliu o gametes. Pela, ka mea, ua hou 2n chromosome huapalapala. Meaning of meiosis mea e hōʻoia 'malama ana o ka hoʻomaopop' ana i kēlā me kēia 'ano o ke ola meaola chromosomes, a he kūpono nui o DNA.

hōʻikeʻano

Meiosis - ke kaʻina mea ana. Ua he a mau ano o ka mahele ana successively i kēia kekahi i kekahi: meiosis au a me ka meiosis II. Kēlā me kēia no ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana, ma ka huli, he o prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. Ka mahele mua o ka meiosis paha meiosis au, halves ka helu o chromosomes, a laila he mea ka kŰia o ka ai-kapaia ka ho'ēmiʻana mahele. A hiki aku ka mea, o ka lua o ka kahua o ka meiosis a meiosis II, haploid aeee 'aʻole i hooweliweli i ka loli, ka mea, ua ola. Kēia kaʻina ua kapaia equational mahele.

A pau na keena ma ka kahua o ka meiosis, e lawe aku i kekahi mau 'ike ma luna o ka aaiaoeʻilikai.

• Meiotic prophase o ka mua - ke kahua e holumua ai helix chromatin a me ka ho okumu ana o chromosomes. I ka pau ana o keia loa luna 'hana i ka aaiaoe mea noho i loko o kona palapala ano - 2n2 chromosomes.
• Metaphase hiki mai - mai, a me ka i kā mākouʻilikai o ka helix. Ke aaiaoe mea ua nō i hoʻololi.
• Anaphase o meiosis ua pu ma ka ka ho'ēmiʻana. Kēlā me kēia paʻa o ka makua chromosomes e hāʻawi mai kekahi o kona kaikamahine keena. Aaiaoe mea ua loli ma ka haku mele 'ana, e like me chromosome helu i ka hapalua o ia: no ka mea pono kēlā me kēia laau o ka halepaahao no ka 1n2 chromosome.
• Telophase - pae ka wā ho okumu i ka Kora naʻEsau, kaawale cytoplasm. i hana kaikamahine keena, ka mea, he 2 a me kela mea keia mea o nā chromatids. Ie kau o chromosomes i loko o ka haploid ia.
• Eia interkinesis malama, he pōkole wanaao ae ma waena o ka mua a me ka lua o ka kahua o ka meiosis. Ka mau kaikamahine aeee i makaukau e komo i ka lua o ka kahua o ka meiosis, a ia lŘlŘ ma ka iaʻano papa hana e like me ia o ka mitosis.

nolaila, ke liluwelo manaʻo nui o ka meiosis mea i loko o ka mea i loko o kona lua o ka mua ma luna 'maomeka ua haploid keena 4 i hanaʻia - 1n1 chromosomes. Ie, hoʻokahi diploid makuahine aeea haawi i ke ola i ka eha - kēlā haploid chromosome huapalapala. I kekahi o ka mua meiotic degere pae aaiaoe mea recombines, a ua lawe mai i ka lua o ka mua o ka neʻeʻana o nā chromosomes a me chromatids i kekahi mau auamo o ka halepaahao. Mau hana - i ke kumu o ka oko a me kekahi mau hui pu ana o ka intraspecific.

hualoaʻa

Penei, ka liluwelo manaʻo nui o ka meiosis, maoli nui. Mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo like me ka papa kuhikuhi, ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ke Kin o gametes. Meiosis ua lako pono hoolilo o aaiaoe 'ike mai kekahi meaola? Ueony i kekahi, aka e ka mea paʻi nā kiʻie ma. Meiosis mau hiʻohiʻona nō intraspecific pu ana no ka mea, kaikamahine keena oko ole wale mai ka makua akā, i ka oko ao.

Eia hou, i ka liluwelo manaʻo nui o ka meiosis ninoieo ma ka hoomaopopo ana hoemi i ka helu ana o chromosomes i loko o ka manawa i ka wa a ka germ aeee i hana. Meiosis e hōʻoiaʻiʻo lākou haploid; i ka manawa o ka fertilization ka zygote diploid chromosome 'ole ua hoihoi hou ia.