"Revolver" (pu): mōʻaukala, hōʻikeʻano, ano

"Nagan" - he panapana, hana gunsmiths mai Pelekiuma hoahanau, Emil (1830-1902) a Leon (1833-1900) revolver. Kēia mau mea kaua i i loko o kekahi'āina ma ka hopena o XIX - kualapa waena XX kenekulia. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka kaua koa.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia, ua nūnē nui na mea he nui e pili ana i ka rearmament o kona poʻe kaua. I ia mau lā, ka mea i olelo mua iaʻi revolvers: i ka paulele i ka hoʻomana kāʻei pū a mea pōkole i na mea kaua hui i ka pono io o ka mea kupono, ike loea a me ka hoonui kauoha. Ka pulakaumaka oʻEulopa mea kaua? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ke kulanakauhale o Liege, ke aupuni 'o Pelekiuma. Mai ka 1859 ka mea, ua hana ia ma ka hola o Leon, a Emile Nagant. Ua ua He uuku ohana Workshop, a hana hou ia i ka Hōlani pū a me kekahi manawa, a hiki nui i ka pū kī.

Ka mua hanana revolver i ka pepa, a hiki i ka kaikuaʻana Emil ho'āʻo Aaeuaeeneei koa Oihana. He hoʻoholo ihola e hana e like me ka mea kaua he luna a me ka 'ole-Komikina'Āina luna', haawiia keia i like "hāpana revolver i ka 1878". Kēia 9-mm o ka pū panapana liʻiliʻi, 1878, ua huahelu eono-he. Kona lako pono me ka "mea hoʻoluku pālua-hookoia": ka hāmare moa lawa a me ka lima pua, a ma ua e ke kāhea.

Ole-Komikina'Āina luna o ka infantry, lio, a me nā kākoʻo hapa o ka Aaeuaeeneei Army manaoio i "Nagan" - he panapana liʻiliʻi, luna papa! A me ka oiaio, i na olelo e manual o na koa hao wale, ka mea i papahana ma ka 9-mm o panapana liʻiliʻi, "Nagant M / 1883" me ka noonoo e ke kūlana kaua ano: ". Ka aaeei" ma ka hana, he hou'ikamu, Ma waho aʻeo ka pana Aloha i, a me ka pana ana o keia hāpana i ka hāmare Ooo hou ma hope o kēlā me kēia pana.

E like me ka hopena, ka mea i hana hou 2-3 hooponopono hou ana i kekahi mau calibers a me ka barela ka loa. Ma hope o ka manawa Emile Nagant seriously maʻi a me ka loa hoʻi i kona mau maka. Ano, i ka papa kuhikuhi hana ma luna o ka holomua o ka mea hoʻoili Leon Nagant.

la'ana 1886

No laila, ua hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i ka "Revolver". Moana i ka 1886 kaupaona i ka uuku emi ma mua o kona mua. He ua ike loea, a me ka manao ua lilo technologically holomua. Kēia kumu hoʻohālike i loko o ke kāhea mea eha wai i UAIAaIN e kekahi dvuporuyu. Eia hou, i ka hou huahana lawe i ka mooolelo o ka ka welelau o nā mea kaua? Acaeoey i loko o ka olelo o ka hōʻemiʻana caliber: poe akamai i koho i ka loa hanohano i loko o ia mau lā, 7,5 mm o ia me ka smokeless ka pauka.

Ka mea nui wale pilikia e e nā mākau 'ua i ka poʻe akamai revolvers o ka anal o ka aʻe paha kinoea i loko o ka nahā i, a hana i ka muaʻaoʻao o ka pahu, a me ka breech o ka barela pauku.

Aaeuaeeneei armorer Anri Piper imi i ka mea kūpono pāʻoihana: ka kāhea o kona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, ka pahu neʻe mua mua ae hoʻolele. Revolver Henri i kekahi kūikawā 'ole, ua kekahi pōkā ua pau i hūnāʻia i loko o ka lole, ka obturator lole mālama aku Dultsev ia he lepo la ke kinoea haawi a kaomi aku i ke kumu wai i loko o ka manawa, o ka volley - keia hanaʻole ai i ka Hopu kinoea.

Keia rula simplification me kilakila lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe ua pahu ma ka barela pahu, Leon Naganov noi i ka 1892 makahiki. Ma lalo o ka hou kŘkohu revolver ia i? Ac? Me ke kauoha lole, i hoʻolako pono me ka lōʻihi dulcitol. I mea i lilo "Revolver"? keia panapana liʻiliʻi, ua manawa lilo i Classic hoʻohālike, a mahope Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i ole loli nui i loko o ka 'ole.

lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe

All revolvers "Revolver" i kekahi mau kumu a me ka waiwai:

• Ke kāhea mea e leie aku i papalua ia, e pana like me ka hāmare moa lawa, a me ka hoʻoponopono-cocking. Na, koe wale nō "koa" a me ka "NCOs" mālama '-hoʻokahuli aupuni manao, ma i ka pakiko-cockingʻano papa hana ua wahi e emi i ka hoopau ana o ka ammunition.
• Monolithic hoʻokahi-apana ponoi.
• Puka, wehe i nā keʻena pahu kīloi paʻewa kuapo. Mikanele mea pono i ka hāpana o 1910, ma i ka puka nā poʻohiwi hoʻi, a ke hookuu aku oia i ka pahu, ek'ki i ka pono.
• Barela no ka kuli pae makaʻeo i loko o ke kino.
• Ramrod pee ana ma ke kī pūʻana kulana o ka pahu iho (axis). He laila, pau pana i ka hana o ka extractor - ejects pau keia la nā papahu.
• Ka mea i kauʻia i loko o ka kapiliia a closable uhi una honua.

Pahu a me ka lawelawe 'ana me ka hale kūʻai, a me ke keʻena i ka ia manawa. Ma ka loa he ākea o ka hāpana i ka 1895 a me ka nui o kona likeʻole pahu lawa 7 'āhewa' ana. I mea, o ka mua maoli ua hookomoia he puha pahu (axis) a me ka loaa ana shompolnye Tube. Kēia Tube ua waiho ia ma mua o ka pahu: ka mea, ua pili ia i ka'ā'ī o ka kumu no laila, e milo lākou ma luna o ia, nā ma ka iho (axis). Eia kekahi laʻana ma i ka pahu ua nei ma luna o ka barela, ka mea mua mai ka hoʻiʻano papa hana, ma i ka haku mele 'ana o ka pahu şarkı, a me ka wai.

Ka laka mea o ka pahu pili ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ke kino. Kona kuleana pili i ua hana ia e ka pūnāwai-ukana puka. I ka mea, ke aʻo (ka lń i sideways) hiki ke hoopiiia a hookuu i ka mea kaua. A i ka puka ua paa hou mai la - e pani i ka hoopaa iho, hikiʻole i ke kauoha, e haule iho, a ua hiki ole i ke aloha i kona pahu crank counterclockwise.

"Nagan" Kaua ma ka pahu i ehiku lewa a me nā hanaʻeliʻana koi 'ia no ka pukaʻanuʻu puni i loko o ka paʻa a me ka hamama kūlana.

Nui revolverʻano papa hana uaʻano nui haku o eiiiiiaiou ke hoʻohana i ka lakaʻano papa hana, a haliu ae la i ka barela pahu pōʻino e hiki mai: slider breech, i ka makau pawl a me ke kāhea me ka mainspring. Mau nā a kāheaʻano papa hana.

Incidentally, i ia manawa i ka mea o lakou o ka nalo, memo ma luna o ka mua kumu kuleana, a me ka hope maka, i ka ka makemakeʻana kau ka luna maoli. Huina lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe revolver i ka 1895 i ohi ia mai 39 hehee wale.

Ke kāhea lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe

Keia mea ua lako pono me ke kāhea kāhea, papalua hana. I ka Ia manawa no hoi produces Ke Ana Hoʻohālike me ke kāhea, hookahi hana. Ma keia mea i ka striker ua pivotally luna ma luna o ke kāhea, lau ulu pili hakakä - dvuporaya ia mea e hana i käna.

Ke sear revolver ua hanaʻia pu me ke kāhea. Kaula hō'ā mea ole, aka, ina oe e ole huki i ke kāhea, he kūikawā'ikamu ole ae i ke kī pūʻana kui, e hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku. Inā ke kāhea ka moa lawa, ka mea hoʻohana he kūikawā lakaʻano papa hana, neʻe i ka pahu i mua mea kaua. Ke kāhea i loko o kēia manawa e hanaiiaʻi ka pahu no laila, i ka mea aole i ka ao ka.

ballistic waiwai

He aha ka ka pololei ma ka revolver "Nagan"? Kēia mea kaua maka i koho i ai i ka loihi o ka 25 m. It e e kaulana ia ia mea ma kahi loihi aku ka mākaʻana wahi coincides me ka midpoint hopena. Kekahi mauʻanuʻu ke kaena loa okoa pololei o ke ahi ka hili:

Ka mamao ka m		me ka oukou e ku		me na mea kaua
11		4.0		7,0
18		5,6		9,0
25		7,2		13
36		11		19
50		14		-

Ka ikaika o ka kaua

E like me ka moku holoahi tidara papa me ka mānoanoa o ka 2,54 knm a me kanakolu-kumamalima anuu (25 mika) ua ua hoʻonānā anal 3 papa - 100% o nā pōkā, papa 4 - 70%, ka papa 5 - 25%. Papa i hoonoho iho i ka mamao o ka 8 knm mai kekahi i kekahi. Kekahi plaque punched i ka mamao o ka mai i elua haneri a me ke kapuai (140 m).

? iecaianoaaiiuo

Russian Izhevsk i na mea kaua hola hana i kēia manawa kiʻekiʻe loa kbps revolvers. Akā, i ka Kuekene "Nagan" hāpana i ka makahiki 1887 ua i loko o Pelekiuma. Interestingly, ka 9-mm o hāpana i ka 1878 ua kiekie ka Aaeuaeeneei kaua. Kēia i ka pilina i ka popularization o ka hao hola "Revolver" i loko o ke ao nei market.

Ua like pu, i hana mai i ka 1895, e like me likeʻole a pau, hua mai la na mea kaua nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao ma ke ao nei,ʻo ka Lūkini imperial lima hola i loko o Tula, ke kulanakauhale Polish o Radom, ka Kelemānia "Enel" ma Suhl, Aaeuaeeneei "Lepage", " Frankot "a me" Bayard "," Arizmendi-Goenaga "ma Sepania a me na mea e ae.

"Nagan" kahikoia Lūkini hao wale

I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia ka Russian aupuni a pau i ka papakaukau rearmament o ka poe koa. Mosin rifle, nolaila ia i kuu i ka 1891, ua koho me ka hae uuku i na mea kaua. I ka manawa, i poe e kāʻei pū a mea obsolete hāpana 4,2-laina (10.67-mm) Smith & Wesson panapana liʻiliʻi, System III, hoʻomohala i nā 1880s Rusia.

O ke Komisina no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o liʻiliʻi-caliber pūlaipela, i i alai ai ia e Lutanela-General N. G. Chagin, ua hui i ka huli no kekahi laʻana o ka olelo hoopomaikai. He hana hoihoi i ka hou kaua revolver kēia mau koi:

• Kilakila noho mana. I ia mau lā, i ke kumu nuiʻano o ka lio hao wale no ia mea, pana aku la ia ia ma ka pono ka mamao (i ka 50ʻanuʻu) pono e kikeke ana ia i ka lio.
• "Na koa o ka kaua" E e lawa e hemo mai ma ka 4-5-'īniha tidara papa. haʻahaʻa ke kaupaona (0.82-0.92 kg).
• Caliber, o ke kuhikuhi ana, ka helu, ka holoʻokoʻa o ka rifling o ka barela, a ina e'ālike-laina-kiko'î Mosin rifle ka e like. Penei, e pili ana revolvers, e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka rifle hemahema nui ilpko o.
• Revolver hiki ke hoʻolako pono me ka pakiko-cocking kī pūʻana, ai ole ia, e deteriorate pololei.
• pono e ka loiloi mua māmā holo o ka pōkā ma lalo 300 m / s.
• Ma ka pu pono e noho maikaʻi pololei.
• He mea pono i ka manaʻo mea puni, aʻanoʻenehana.
• Nā lima e e ike loea, insensitive i ka lepo a me ka hewa ana o ka hana, noonoo ole e malama.
• Lole a E e extracted ole ka poʻe akā, alternately.
• Pahunaʻano papa hana e e papahana no laila, i ke ala ana o ka pōkāʻauheʻe ke kapa o ka laina o ka ike i ka mamao o 35ʻeono.
• Ka pahu E e waiho ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ehiku 'āhewa' ana.
• Chuck e ua noho me ka pōkā iwi, keleawe mea kākoʻo lole a me ka smokeless ka pauka.

I mau, pakiko-cocking kī pūʻana, a i ka wā hoʻokahi ana o kana a nā papahu i haalele ai, no ka mea, complicate i ka mea (keia i ka hopena maikaʻi ia ma luna o ka pono a me ka waiwai o ka revolver) a hiki aku i ka excessive hokii o ka ammunition.

Ma ka Olelo Hoolaha a ka Competition, a me ka Loaʻaʻia, alahula mau noi mākou i hōʻike nui hoihoi i loko o nā mea kaua wahi lulu popilikia a me ka haole sculptors. Noho iho la na Ke Ana Hoʻohālike mau pu & Wesson Smith, revolvers a me avtopistolety. I ka pau ana o ka mea hakakā hoʻomaka 'Aaeuaeeneei gunsmiths Anri Piper M1889 kumu hoʻohālike me "Bayard" a Leon Nagant M1892 me. Ma ke ala, laekahi ea panapana liʻiliʻi, "Nagan Gletcher NGT» mea he mea koe o ke kükohu, i lanakila 'o ia i loko o ka Competition.

Leon Nagant hoololi ae i ko lakou huahana i Lūkini 7.62-mm o caliber. Me ka 1883, oia hoopau ia i ka pakiko-cocking kī pūʻana, ā 'inoʻino kekahi i ka pono o ka mea kaua e like me na koi ana o ka Competition.

six- a semizaryadnye revolvers - wale mau koho i manaoia. Pieper kükohu i ua hoomalau mai ma muli o i ka massiveness a me unreliability o ka noonoo o kanaka. Ke Competition Ua lanakila 'o ia e Leon Nagant, paha ma muli o ia i ka mea i loaa ia ia ma ka Russian Pale Kaua Kuhina, ua lōʻihi-hookupaa ano laulea.

Revolver no ka iaoaioa no ka revolverʻuwī aʻela kumukuai o 75 000 rubles. He hiki ole kiʻi i ke kala, e like me ia i hōʻole. Ka mea, ua hou hou-hoʻopaʻa 'ń, akā, me ka nui maalea ana. Ano, i hou i nā mea kiko'î o ka makana: iwakalua tausani rubles no pa alima o nā mea kaua, a elima tausani no ka uku ole 'ole. Eia hou, i ka uwa maila i, e haawi aku i kaʻu bebe i ka piha ona o ka Lūkini aupuni, i loaa ka pono i ka paka ia, a ma ko lakou mau aina, a ma kahi e aku me kekahi uku i ka inventor.

Piper ma ka Competition hoike hoʻokō 'hou me ka hanana akomi revolvers. Ke Komisina, noonoo iho la ia "uala pono, akā,'ōleloʻano." Revolver S. I. Mosina me eono nui ilpko o ia no hoi e maliuʻia. Anaiia i ka pu Nagano i hoʻomākaukauʻia he emi nui. Mākou lawelawe 'ia he mau hoao me ka 4.2-laina kī Smith & Wesson, a ua aponoia ka noonoo o kanaka. Interestingly, ma hope o ka oihana koa hoao ilamuku makemake e kiʻi i kekahi mau pū, a me ka papalua hopena o ka hoʻoponopono-cocking a me ka pana.

Ke Komisina hoi i ka pakiko-cocking hoʻokolohua o ka hāpana, akā, ike mai la i kona unconditional i ka pomaikai, a nolaila au i kāʻei pū a mea Rusia Ua pono i na mea e like pū: pakiko-cocking no na ilamuku a me na uku a nāu, a non-Komikina'Āina luna - nesamovzvodny.

Ka mea i kekahi mau wahi ia loli, a apono ia ma ka pūnāwai o 1895. Holster no ka "Nagano" keia specimen i i ka lole. Ua kanakaʻili kaula-trenchikom, a me ka ramrod no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mea kaua.

I 13, i aponoia ma ka Lūkini koa 1895 paa o Rotehama II o "luna" a me ka "koa" "Nagan" pu Eia kekahi laʻana. Ua mea noteworthy i ka oihana oihana o na mea kaua a pau i loko o June 1896 formally oluolu i ka hana.

ka hoʻololi 'ana

Nui ka pilikia i loaa ae no ka pūlaipela - ka mea, he pono ke holo alaʻokoʻa nui nā lumi papa. A ua nui hiki ole ke hana ia, no laila kanaka kuai pneumatic. Akā, mai e distracted a me ka papa inoa examples o kahaha ko oukou naau revolver "Nagan". Eia ka mea i:

• Nagant M1910 - 1910 Aaeuaeeneei hāpana mea o ka makahiki. Ua loaʻa i ka wā hoʻokahi pōʻalo o ka pau keia la nā papahu.

Kaʻoihana kükohu:

• Koa "Nagan" - he nani loa 20th-kenekulia mea kaua me ka kāhea nesamovzvodny noonoo. Kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo oki i ka 1918.
• "Revolver", hanaia no ka ilamuku, i hoʻolako pono me ka pakiko-cocking kāhea lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
• Mua World mau lou i i no ka palena poʻe hao wale i loko o kaʻuʻuku nui: carbine integrally hoolei aku ai me ka luahi, a me ka barela lōʻihi o ka 300 mm o, a me ka revolver me ka detachable luahi, a me ka barela hoopomaikai io ia i 200 mm o.
• "Revolver" hana no ka luna, he olelo hoopomaikai revolverʻano manaoia no concealable. ua hoemi ia 85 mm o kona kumu, a me nā kumu hoopokole. Ke hāpana? Ac? I ka makahiki 1927. Ua hua mai la i ka poe liilii, batches a hiki i 1932. Total hua mai la ma kahi o 25 000 na apana o kēia mau huahana. E like me ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka poe luna o ka OGPU, a me ka NKVD.
• No ka reconnaissance a sabotage battalion i ka 1929 ka mea i hanaia ma ka pū panapana liʻiliʻi, a me ka pū -equipped mīkini silencers "Bram", Ma waho aʻeo ka i ke ano o ka lapalapa ahi. Mea hoahanau IG a me VG Mitin.
• Nagant wz. 30 - mea kaua papahana revolver i ka 1895, i kaʻauamo. Mai 1930 a hiki i 1939, ua hua mai serially ma Radom ma ka lima hola. Total Poland hua mai la i 20,000 na apana o revolvers "Revolver" mau Eia kekahi laʻana: Ng wz.30 a me Ng wz.32.

New Ke Ana Hoʻohālike - he mea o ka 20th kenekulia

Mau kupanaha huahana.

• I KA WA OPIOPIO revolver Nagant-Semurena no ka aʻo, hoʻomohala i ka 1926. Kona akamai ka A. A. Smirnsky. Mai ka makahiki 1925 a hiki i 1939 makahiki o kēia mau huahana ua hanaʻia 3,500 na apana ma lalo o 5,6 mm o rimfire kauoha.
• "Nagan" revolver ua hanaia no ka haʻuki i nâ makahiki 1953. Kona akamai o VA Paramonov. Kēia hāpana i hua mai, mai ka makahiki 1956 a hiki i 1966. Ka lōʻihi o 8220 na apana mc-4 a mc i hua mai-4-1.
• TOZ-36 - e lealea ana pū hāpana 1962 makahiki. Kēia kükohu ua papahana EL Haydurov.
• TOZ-49 - he panapana liʻiliʻi, hāpana i loko o ka makahiki 1972, ua hana no ka mea hoomaewaewa. Kona papahana EL Haydurov. Ka mea, ua hoopokole ole i ka pahu ma lalo o ka hoopokole pūpanapana 7,62H26 mm o.
• TOZ-96 o ka mea hoʻolilo koho TOZ-49 ma lalo o ka uku ole .32 S & W Long Wadcutter. It ua hanaʻia mai 1996.

Sports a me nā ana hoʻohālike holoholona

A, ano, e nana i na mea kaua ke kēia Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Carbine Kr-22 "manu lele" mea he laʻana o ka huli ana e malama o .22 LR. Kēia revolver "revolver" e iai? Oaiaaiiua pahu hooloihiia i ka 500 mm o, he laau, a me ka lāʻau forearm integrally kipaku luahi. Kēia huahana kaupaona 2 kg. E hana ia i lilo ai i ka 2010.
• Panapana liʻiliʻi, "he hekili la" o ka huli ana ÷, ua hanaʻia Ukrainian poe "SBM". Keia haʻuki pu ma lalo o ka malama o ka 4-mm o Flaubert i hana no ka aʻo.

Kanawai pale kaua

He aha ka ke "Revolver" traumatic a me ka kinoea? I ke kakahiaka nui 2000s, Ua hoʻololi i kekahi mau likeʻole o kēia mau panapana liʻiliʻi, ua hanaʻia ma ka hoololi ana i ka hakakā "Naganov".

1. Ma Russian paka kūlana pale kaua kēia: P1 ma ka trauma "Naganych" ma lalo o ka malama ana o 9 mm o a me R. A. HPE-502 "revolver-M" ma lalo o ke kauoha 10H32 mm o T ma lalo o ka hana mālama i loko o trauma RS 10H23 mm o T.
2. Ma Ukraine, ke kinoea hua mai la i ka trauma a me ka panapana liʻiliʻi "brigade luna koa", "Ramp 1 R", "D-Nagant" pōkole "SKAT 1Rk" a me ka "Revolver Russian Hui."
3. ea panapana liʻiliʻi, "Nagan Gletcher NGT» i loko o ka Hawaii. Kēia kinoea-paukūʻolokaʻa māhoe kaʻao revolver.

Mahalo i ka forensic koi, mea kaua, ae hoʻolele laholio pōkā, he mau loli ana paha ma pana warheads.

Neaiae (a noise) Ke Ana Hoʻohālike

• HPE-503 "Nagan-S" ( "Bluff") - peahi panapana liʻiliʻi, ma lalo o ka chap "Zhevelo". I Vyatskiye Polyansky "Molot" kanu i loko o ke kauwela o 2006.
• "Revolver MR-313" (Nagano-07). Ma keia hāpana, ma e like me ka "bluff" Hoʻololi 'anei i chap lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe (y me hou Papa oi Ka Uluwehi O Ke contours). Kēia kükohu Ua lako pono me ka uuku-anawaena kumu, ia mea,ʻaʻole ma luna o ka haka ai pūkaʻina helu i loko o ka breech o ka barela mīkini wili pōhaku kino,ʻaʻole i lawe.

"Nagan MR-313" ua lako pono me ka pahu, o lākou i helu 'aʻole i hoʻokomo mai ai i ka helu ma ka wahi ponoi. revolver lole ma lalo o "Zhevelo" ua i ikaika loa o Paulo i loko o nā keʻena, a makaʻeo i loko o ka pae.

Interestingly, i ka 2008, huli i ka "hāmare" ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kēia mau revolvers, a hoʻoneʻe i ka Izhevsk i na mea kaua hola.

• P-2 - he ka hōʻikeʻana mea ma lalo o ka chap "Zhevelo", ka mea e hiki mai ana ma hope o ka ho "Bluff" a me MR-313. Ke Hookah o ka Kalashnikov e hopohopo nei.

Eia hoi, ina oe e oi aku palaualelo e i aeia mai no ka pūlaipela (ʻaʻole he nui kanaka e like ula leki), e hiki ke kuai haʻuki "Nagant" ma lalo o ke kauoha o Flaubert. Mau huahana i lalo o ka leo nui, ike hoomalu nae lakou i ku eʻauana'īlio mai e koi i ka palapala no ka mea kūʻai, a ua hoʻokomoʻia.