Ruza General Nikolay Vladimirovich: Kawaihae a me ka make

E like me ka nui o ka helu historiography, pâʻani 'o ia i kēia kanaka he kūlanaʻano nui i loko o ka hioloʻana o ka autocracy i loko o Rusia. General Ruza, hoomaopopoia monarchist, kekahi o ka mea mua i manaoia i Tsar Rotehama II e abdicate, kahi o ke kākoʻo a kōkua i ke alii, e noho ma luna o ka noho aliʻi. Emperor helu ma ke kōkua o kona mau pūkaua nui, a me ka mea ia ia wale kumakaia.

Ma ke koa, Ruza (General o Infantry) Ua hoʻokumu ia iho me he loea koa alakaʻi, no laila, hele mai la i ka mana, i ka Bolsheviks makemake e hoʻomau e kauoha aku i ke kaua, akā, ma kā lākou mauʻaoʻao. Akā, hōʻole akula i kēia manaʻoi hāpai 'ia, a me ka hopena i ae mai i kekahi brutal luku.

Owai la keia General Ruza? alii, a me ke kumakaia o ka Fatherland defenders e hoʻopaʻi i makaukau i ke kaumaha koho? E hoomanao i keia ninau i hou au mamuli.

Makahiki o ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

, Ua hānauʻia hānau i loko o ka Kaluga mokuna - Nikolay Vladimirovich Ruzsky ma March 6 1854 makahiki.

A helu o nā kumu paipai i ka wā e hiki mai pūkaua ua he mamao pili o ka haku mele Lermontov, nāna i kākau i ka luawai-ike poem "Ka Novice." Ma kākoʻo mai o keia kulanakauhale ka mea,ʻikepili hōʻike i kekahi o nā kūpuna o Mikhail Yurevich, ma ka XVIII kenekulia, oia no ke kiaaina o ka Moscow māhele kulanakauhale o Ruza, lilo ae la ka makuakane o ke keiki i hanau mai o ka berita mare. Koke ka mea, ua i ka hua o ka inoa hope o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o i ka ukana o na mea o Lermontov.

Akā, ia mea kanalua paha i ka mau Ruza iʻimi naʻauao kinship me ka haku mele kaulana o ka nui. A laila,ʻo ia makemake e hoomaopopo loaa i ka panina ka hoʻonaʻauao, a rula i ka ia no nā mamo a maikai 'ohana, akā, ma Rotehama ka liu o kona makua kāne i kakahiaka. Ma hope o ia, i kona ola, hoomaka ae la e ālai ia 'aʻe i nā limahana o ke kapikala o ka papa o nā kahu, akā, i ka wā e hiki mai kekahi mau keia mea uaʻaʻole maopopo irked. Kela manawa, i kona wa opiopio ma Rotehama ka moe ana o ka oihana 'oihana.

makahiki o ka like

E hoomaka i ke kokekau i ka moe, Ruza lilo koa kula haumāna i ka mua, i ua aia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale ma ka Neva.

Ma hope o kekahi manawa ia ua he cadet lua Konstantinovsky Koa School, kona puka lilo i infantry luna. Noteworthy o ka mea e ma ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia hoomaka Lūkini koa kula, e hoʻokomo i loko o ka hana pono i nā nā mea hoʻololi kaulana nō e Tsar Alexander II a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo Dmitriem Milyutinym. Ia mea ke kumu o ka General Ruza, he Hawaii photo no i mea i loaʻa i loko o na puke ma luna o ke akamai o ke kaua, a he mea i loko o kēia 'atikala e kiʻi i ka pono o ka hoʻonaʻauao, e like me na realities o ka manawa.

Ka hoʻomaka o kona mau koa 'oihana

Ma hope o ua noho mai kulanui, hele aku la i ke kanaka opiopio, e malama i ka Life kiai Grenadier Regiment me ka luna. Ua hoomaka Russian-Turkish kaua i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope, a me ka wā e hiki mai kekahi mau Ruza hoao ana ia ia iho ma luna o ke kahua o ke kaua wale nō ma kaʻaoʻao maikaʻi. I mahalo no ka ikaika a me ka wiwo ole e hoike ana Ruza loaa i ka Papa Hanohano o St. Anne ka kaha IV. I ka pau ana o koa hana Luna hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i kā lākou nā mākau, a ua aʻoʻia lākou i loko o ka Mykolayiv General Staff Academy. ua kaulana V. Sukhomlinov a me Kuropatkin kona kumu. A laila, i ka luna e pili i kēia ike i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, alternately ke kūapoʻana i nā koʻokoʻo o koa apana. Nikolay Vladimirovich lilo i maoli akamai logistical a me ka hana ana i ka hana.

I kekahi milestone i loko o kona 'oihana i ka hana i loko o ka Kiev koa Apana like Quartermaster Nui. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, Ruza loaa ka hoʻolaha i Major General, aʻo ia, e alai i ka ke keʻena luna.

Russian-Japanese kaua

I ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia Rusia i komo i loko o ka oihana kaua me Japan. General Ruza, nona Kawaihae o ka hoihoi nui i ka moʻolelo, e alakaʻi i ka lua o ka Manchurian poe koa ke keʻena luna. He E hōʻike lākou maikaʻi ano i ka oihana koa alakaʻi, pono-i hoʻonohonoho 'ia pale kaua waihoia mai ai ia ia ma ka Shahe River. Akā, i kekahi manawa, i ka pomaikai pu ma setbacks. Ma kekahi, ua e kamailio e pili ana i kūpono 'ana ma lalo o Sandepu, a ua hooholoia e ia no ka indecisive hana i loko o ke aliʻi.

hou hana

Ma hope o ke kaua Ruzsky waiho, e kauoha aku i ka 21st Army mau pūʻali. I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia, Nikolai Vladimirovich i koe i loko o ke kūlana o General o Infantry, ia laua i ka i kekahi hapa o ka Koa Aha. He E hāʻawi mea hiki kōkua i loko o ka hana ma luna o ka ulu ana o nā mea hoʻololi i loko o ke kaua. General Ruza mea ke kākoʻo '-kumu o ka helu ana o manuals a me ka hooponopono ana. Hoʻoleʻa i nā luna o kona mau makana i ka Field Manual i loko o ka makahiki 1912. Mahope iho o keia hana, Nikolai Vladimirovich hoi e hana i loko o ka Kiev Koa District, kahi āna i mālama ai ma hope luna a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ka First World War.

1914

Ma hope o ke kaua wawahi mai ma waena o ka Allies, a me ka pili aupuni kuikahi, a komo pū Kelemania, a Austria-Hungary, i hoouna mai ai i ke kauoha Lūkini e kaua i loko o ka Ruza South-Western Front, mai i pono ai, e kauoha aku i ka 3rd Army.

Kākou mau kuhikuhi ma luna o kēia hale kiaka o ke kaua i ke kaua o Galicia, ma a Nikolay Vladimirovich, hui me nā poʻe hao wale o General Brusilov, kokua hoʻohiolo, mai ka aina mai o Bukovina a me Hawaiian Galicia i ka enemi. Akā, ka mea, i kekahiʻano hana e paʻa Lvov a me Galich. Ua i loko o ka hopena o ke kauwela o 1914 Ruza General Nikolay Vladimirovich me ka nui loa kokoke i kona manaʻo: kaʻenemi aku la lakou, mamua o ka ho'āʻo 'ana e hooki aku i ka Lūkini kaua ma ka muliwai popoʻole Lipa Lipa a me Gold. Ultimately, Lviv i pio, ma hope a Brusilov hoʻoleʻa na hana o kona nā hoapili-ma-kaua. He hōʻike Ruza pehea wiwo ole, wiwoʻole a me ka akamai koa alihi kaua. Akā, i ka ?? eoi? Naʻi Galicia i hōʻike ai elua i ka pono o koa alihi kaua. Aia i hoike mai hamama Anati-Semitism. No ke aha la i luku kahiko kanaka ma Galicia, General Ruza? Iudaio, ma kona manao, he mea kuhikuhi he kiu ma luna o ka hana a loli i nā pono o nā Lūkini kanaka, no laila, i kēia lāhui kanaka e panai ai no ke koko o kona mau hewa.

hou hana

Nikolay Vladimirovich no ka pomaikai ma ka oihana koa hana i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ai, a koke i waihoia mai me ka noho luna ana o ka North-Western Front, nona ka poʻe hao wale i ae pio i loko o East Prussia ia. Ke kahua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka mea i ka German kaua i ua hoomakaukau nui maikaʻi ma mua o ka Austro-Hunakalia, no laila, no ka mea normalization o ke kulana koi i ka hoao ana i koa alakaʻi, i ke kūlana o ka i mea maikaʻi mau Ruza. He ua hiki ke paʻa hoʻi i ka hae o kaʻenemi i loko o nā kaua ma ka waena Vistula, a ma lalo o ka Polish Lodz. A me kaʻenemi o ole wale, ua papani iho la i loko o ka manaʻo o ko lākou mau mea kuka, akā, no hoi e hana lumi hoʻi.

A laila, i ka German High E kauoha akuʻoe nō e hoʻoikaika i kona kulana ma ka akau-West kuhikuhi ana e repel i ka Lūkini Kuhina. E like me ka hopena o ke koko kaua o ka enemi i kahu ai i ka lanakila i ke kulanakauhale o Augustow, akā, ho'āʻoʻo ia e subjugate i ka Polish kapikala i ole.

Ma ka confrontation, unleashed ma ke kulanakauhale Prasnysh, Nikolai Vladimirovich e hoʻokele i ka pono kūkulu mea e malu ai nā kaʻa mokulele, e kauoha ana i kaʻenemi ua hoʻi i loko o East Prussia. General Ruza i hele e hoouka aku i ka enemi, aʻulupā e smithereens i ka Kelemānia hao wale. Akā, Russian koa alakaʻi e lawe i kekahi pāʻoihana: e noʻonoʻo i ka papa ikaika i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka Austro-Hungarians, a me ka akau-Western Front ua e hana like me ka deterrent Kelemānia i nā papa.

ioauoa

Loaa ole keia illogical hoʻolālā o ke kaua, māluhiluhi mentally a kāohi luna, haawiia ma ke kauoha i kekahi mau alo, a hele aku la ma ka Holiday e MOKUNA LXI. Kekahi manawa ma hope, Nikolay Vladimirovich i kauoha mai ai i ka poe koa mahele, i lako pono i ka hoomalu ana o Petrograd. A laila, ma hope o ka "dismemberment" o ka North-Western Front, a hiki i ka Akau, a West e e alakaiia e General mua.

Akā, i ka wā o ka oihana koa hana e e alakai pololei i ka autocrat Rotehama II,ʻo ia e e haʻalele i ke kūlana pale nā kaʻa mokulele i ho'ōla loaa ole ia Ruza a oia ua ma lalo o ka hoʻohana pretext mua e hou-hoʻouna aku ma hoomaha.

1916

Ma hope e kau mai ana no ma kahi o eono mahina, i ka mea nona o ka mea o St. Anne IV loa, e kauoha hou i ka'ākau alo. He nō manaolana i ka Lūkini kauoha hele i loko o kaʻeleu kaua, a he nui loa no na kēia kanaka Kelemānia. Akā, hoomaka ae la ke kaua nona iho o ka poe koa koke e maule mua mākou mau maka: na koa i luhi o ke kaua, a ua makemake incomprehensible koke e hoʻi i ko lākou poʻe'ōhua. Ka wā, i ka hoouka ma ka ?? eoi? O ka Baltic koa nei, a hoole mai la, e hele ana ma ke kūpono ', Nikolai Vladimirovich i hooweliweli i ka poe kipi uhane o ka noho hookolokolo moralizovat.

Eia naʻe, i kēia mau hoʻoikaikaʻana ultimately ua hiki ke hoʻololi i ka papa o ka hana, a me ke kumumanao o ka hoouka ana ua hee o. Kekahi manawa hope, a pau ia i ke kaua no ia.

E pili ana i ka mana

Moʻolelo nō hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana e pili ana i ke kumu General Ruza kumakaia i ke alii? I ka hooilo 1917, oia enthusiastically kākoʻo i ka Initiative o ka State Duma lunakanawai, e hooki aku i "limp" a me ka "ineffective" i ke kulekele o ka he aupuni i loko o ka maka o Lūkini mō'ī. Nikolay Vladimirovich, ka mea ku paa ma ke pale ana i ka autocratic? Eia, noho pilikia o ke kulekele, i i paʻaʻia e ke aliʻi. He nei, i ka mea, a i na rula, laila 'o ia i ka nui hapa o ka mō'ī noho ana ma ke aloha o ke kua'āina Grigory Rasputin, ka mea i lilo i ka ano o ka "oho cardinal" i ka noho alii ana o Rotehama II. He ike no hoi i ka ulu eha ma ka naau o na nā paʻi hua i hopohopo i ka moku'āina o na mea i loko o ke aupuni a pau, a ma o aku. General makemake makemake e kahu ai i ka hou Rusia i ka autocrat, oi proactive, makaukau no ka loli, a mea lōʻihi overdue i loko o ka lehulehu hooponopono nenoaiu. Malia paha kekahi hapa o ke kumu General Ruza kumakaia i ke alii.

I ka olelo, e hookiekie ae lei

Ma ka lā mua o ka kupulau 1917 autocrat hele mai Tsarskoye Selo hiki i Pskov, ma ka ke keʻena luna o ka Hawaiian Front. Akā,ʻaʻohe kekahi hui i ka mō'ī i ka wa o kona uliuli anaina me ka gula aeto hiki aku i ka anuu. Wale ma hope o kekahi manawa ua Nikolai Vladimirovich, ka mea i hahai i loko o ke kaʻa, kahi ona e waiho ana ke alii. Ka loa kekahi la ae Ruza? Aaeaaaaony i ka Auguseto e makemake abdicate i ka mana o ka mō'ī. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, General manawa pōkole loa ma Rotehama II pela aku palapala, i pihaʻi me na pane i na koa a me nā luina ma luna o ka hookahi nīnau: "? Ka renunciation o ka noho aliʻi o Romanov" "Owai" no ka "a" ku e Aneane pau koho ke koho mua, a me ke koe o General Kolchak, ka poe i ka'ākilikai nā kūlana. Ma ke aumoe o ka Emperor haawi Nikolai Vladimirovich a me ka poeikohoia o ka State Duma o na manifestos i loko o ka mea ana i haawi aku i ke alii mana i kona kaikaina Michael. Wā kēia lā i nā kānaka apau, e olelo ana, paha, General Ruza - he mea kumakaia, akā, i ka mea maoli - debatable.

resignation

A lohe o Nikolai Vladimirovich hoʻomaopopo i Rusia e hina loa autocratic'ōnaehana, oia launahele hou i kona resignation, i ia e ho'ōla ae. E hoihoi ola, ka luna i hoouna aku ai i ka Caucasus. Mana i loko o ka'āina i hele ai i ke Aupuni Kuikawa, a me ke kauwela o 1917 Ruza e hele ana i ka halawai o ka kiekie kauoha o ka puali koa, a hoi i hele ma ka poeikohoia o ka hou aupuni.

ninau mai la General mai na lala o ke Aupuni, e hoʻihoʻi mea i loko o ke aupuni, ke kāpaeʻana i ka anarchy i lanakila ma ke kaua, a ma ka aina. Alexander Kerensky laila Ruzsky harshly nema aku no ka ho'āʻo e hoole mōʻaukala, a hoihoi aku i ke aupuni mō'ī.

I ka hiki ana i ka mana o ka Bolsheviks

A hiki i ka mana i loko o ka'āina i hele ai i ka "haʻalele" koa alii indignantly la oia i ka nūhou. Where ka mea, ua i ia manawa General Ruza? Pyatigorsk Ua lilo ka hope mau puʻuhonua no ia. Koke Ua noho i ke kulanakauhale ma ka "ʻulaʻula", i lawe mai i ka hopu ia ana o ka hoao ana i ka luna o ka Lūkini kaua. Na Bolsheviks ike e pili ana i kona mau koa ae makaʻu, no laila, Nikolai Vladimirovich i kaumaha aku ai i ke kaua ma luna o lākouʻaoʻao. Akā,ʻo ia hoole, no ka i ka mea i hana ia ma ka Pyatigorsk ilina. General Ruza, o kona make ana October 19, 1918, a i ike i ka lanakila o ka hema i kapaia "The Great October SocialistʻOiʻenehana", Positioning ia me he "nui-unahiʻole, i ka powa." Kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, i ka hale hoʻokamakama luna koa ua i kaʻiʻo na makana no ke Komisina o ka coup d'etat, a ua hiki i ka hapa ai i ka lanakila o ka "hema", a ho'ōla haawi mai ia i ka nele o ke ola.