Silikone a me kona hui. Silikone ma ka ano. Ka hoʻohana o silikone

Kekahi o ka loa hanohano i loko o ke akamai a me ka hana o ka oihana mua o silikone. I ka mea aie kona hana waiwai. I kēia manawa, ua nui kekahi mau hui o keia hehee ai, i hula nui i kūlana ma ka hoʻololi kemikala a me ka hanaia'na o oaoieei-huahana, mea aniani, aniani, ipu, hale pono hana, Jewelry a me nā hana.

General ano o ka silikone

Inā i ke kūlana o ka silikone i loko o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika'ōnaehana mākou noonoo, e mea hiki ke olelo aku nei au:

1. IV Ua aia i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE subgroups o ka pae.
2. Ke kaʻina, helu 14.
3. 'ātoma nuipa 28,086.
4. Ke Nine Inch hōʻailona Si.
5. Name - silikone, a ma Roma - silicium.
6. Ka lolouila hoʻonohonohoʻia o ka pā, ahu iho 4e: 2e: 8e.

Ke aniani puka olu oia o ka silikone mea i 'ano like me ke daimana puka olu oia. Nā aka wahi i hoonohonoho nā'ātoma, kona 'ano - i ka maka-e pili ana cubic. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ia i ka nui loa o ka palapala physical waiwai o ka silikone ikaika oko mai o ka waiwai o ka kalapona allotropic nā loli.

Helu a me ka Nine Inch waiwai

Aia i mau allotropic hooponopono hou ana o ka hehee ai: amorphous a me ka aniani. Ka mea, ua nui loa like. Eia naʻe, e like me ka mea i ka hihia a me nā mea, i ke kumu nui likeʻole ma waena o ia mau mea - i ka mea pōaka silikone puka olu oia.

Ma keia hihia, nā wale nō - he lepo lā o ka okoa'ōniʻoniʻo.

1. mea pōaka silikone mea i ka lā'ī pouli oho pauka-e like metala. Kona 'ole hoʻopili like i ka daimana, akā, kekahi mau waiwai. Ua loaʻa:

• fragility;
• haahaa paakiki;
• mea uholo uila waiwai;
• Ka mahele heheʻe i ka mahana o ka 1415 ⁰ C;
• nuʻa 2,33 g. / knm ^3;
• ka hoolapalapa mahana o ka 2700 ⁰ C.

Kona Nine Inch ha awina mea haʻahaʻa like i nā allotropic ano.

2. Amorphous silikone -ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele he lepo lā, i ka 'ole silnorazuporyadochennogo daimana. Reactivity Ua kiʻekiʻe nui iho la ia.

Ma mau, ka mea e e kaulana i pane koke silikone Makemake 'ole. E hana ia pane koke, e hana pono ana wela ole e emi malalo o 400-500 ⁰ C. Various Nine Inch i huiʻia o ka silikone ma lalo o kēia mau ana. E like me:

• oxides;
• halides;
• suicides;
• nitrides;
• borides;
• carbides.

Paha ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o silikone me ka nitricʻakika a he mekala 'åkilikai, a ua kapaʻia he etching kaʻina. He ākea silicones, i mea e lilo ana i oi, he pono ole.

I ma ke ano maoli

Silikone ua maoli ai i loaʻa ma muli o kona kulana he nui dala. He ma kekona wahi ma hope o oxygen prevalence. Kona kaumaha hapa mea ma kahi o 30%. Kai no hoi kekahi mau kaʻeleu hehee ai i loko o ka lehulehu o ka 3 mg / L. Nolaila, ua hiki ole ke olelo ia silikone ma ka aoao maoli - he mea pohihihi keia hehee ai.

Ma ka aka, he nui na kekahi mau pōhaku a me nā minelala hao, e like me ka hapa o ka mea ia ia lŘlŘ a mai i ka mea hiki ke extracted. Ka loa, he pono ole maoli silikone i huiʻia e:

1. Ka silica i. Ke Nine Inch haʻilula SiO _2. Aia ka loa heʻano o ke ano o nā minelala hao a me ka pōhaku ma luna o kona kumu: one, ka pohaku paea, feldspar, pōaka, pōhaku aniani, ametuseto, kalekedona, carnelian, Opal, iasepi, a me na mea e ae.
2. Silicates a me Aluminum silicates. Kaolin, feldspar, Mika, silicicʻakika paʻakai, asbestos, talc.

Ke'ī mai, i lohe nui ka laha i ke ano maoli silikone a me kona hui i hanohano, a me ka koi i kanaka e hoʻohana no ka iiaie oaoieei hana.

Silikone a me kona hui

Mai ka maemae manaoia e nei hehee ai hiki ole, nolaila, iʻokoʻa nui o kona hui. Mai ka Nine Inch wahi o ka Hawaii ia paha e ekolu'okesaside moku'āina +2, +4, -4. Puka mai keia, a hoi no ka mea, o ko lākou 'oni', akā, oi loa ma ka mea pōaka puka olu oia i 'ole, ka mea paha ke ka, penei ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka waiwai:

• aeaie i huiʻia me ka 'ole-ke hooheheeia (silane, carbide, nitride, phosphide, a pela aku;
• oxides;
• silicicʻakika;
• mea hiki ke hooheheeia silicates.

E pehea nui ka silikone a me kona i huiʻia, ma ka loa, he pono ole, a mahalo na kanaka mākou noʻonoʻo.

silikone oxides

Aia he mau ke ano o ka waiwai i hoike ia e ka haʻilula:

• SiO;
• SiO _2.

Naʻe, i ka loa hoʻomano hoʻohana i'okikene lua. Ua i koe ma ke ano maoli i loko o ka palapala o ka maikai loa na pohaku kalaka nui-makamae:

• ʻula;
• kalekedona;
• Opal;
• carnelian;
• iasepi;
• 'ametuseto;
• rhinestone.

I ka hoʻohana 'ana o silikone i loko o keia palapala i loaʻa kona palapala noi i loko o ka hana o ka Jewelry. Incredibly maikai ke gula a me ke kālā Jewelry i me kēia mau semiprecious a me semiprecious na pohaku.

A mau likeʻole o ka silica i:

• pōaka;
• muliwai a me ka pōaka one ;
• pohaku paea la;
• feldspars.

I ka hoʻohana 'ana o silikone i loko o ia mau ano hoʻokō i kūkuluʻia, ka hana' enekinia, uilaʻoe, Nine Inch hana, metallurgy. Together, ka helu oxides i kapa i ka hookahi waiwai - ka silica i.

Karbid Kremniya a me kona hoʻohana

Silikone a me kona hui - he mea o ka wā e hiki mai, a me ka makana. Kekahi o ia mea ka silikone carbide paha carbide o ka hehee ai. Ke Nine Inch haʻilula o ili. Ua lŘlŘ i ano like me ka mea pōhaku moissanite.

Ma maemae palapala o ke kalapona a me ka silikone hui - mea nani, ka aniani moakaka nā pōaka, daimana-e like 'ole. Eia naʻe, no ka oaoieei-hana i hoʻohana pena ma ka omaomao a me ka eleele waihoʻoluʻu mea.

Main ano o ka waiwai, hiki kona hoʻohana 'ana i ka hana,' ike loea, Nine Inch hana, i ka i kēia:

• akea nahā i mea uholo uila;
• kiʻekiʻe loa ka ikaika (7 Mohs ka unahiʻole,) ;
• hoʻopale i ka kiʻekiʻe mahana;
• maikaʻi elektroustoychivost a thermal conductivity.

A pau o keia e leie aku ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka silikone carbide me ka abrasive mea ma ka metallurgy a me ka Nine Inch hoʻololi kemikala. No hoi, ka mea, ua nānā 'LEDs paka he ākea pae o ka hana, wahi a hiki i ke aniani kapuahi, nozzles, lamaku, Jewelry (moissanite i hoʻomaopopo ai FIANITE ma luna).

Silane a me kona manaʻo nui

Hydrogen silikone i huiia mea silane, aʻaʻole hiki ke loaa ma ka pololei hoʻololi kemikala ka inoa mai ka hoʻomaka mea. E loaa ka mea likeʻole metala silicides i hoʻohana ', a i malalo i kaʻakika lapaau. E like me ka hopena, i ka silane kinoea ua hoʻokuʻuʻia a me nā 'ano apau loa i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia paakai.

He hana hoihoi i ka hui i ka ninau i ole i lawe wale. Mau i loko o ka naoh o ka läÿau, o ka mono-, di- a me Trisilane ma i silikone nā'ātoma i ua hoʻopili pū i loko o nā kaula hao.

Ma ka waiwai o kēia hui - ikaika hoemi konohiki. Ia lakou iho pela wale oxidized ma o oxygen, i kekahi manawa explosively. Hao wale mai naoh me halogens mau me ka hailona o ka ikehu kala.

Ke noi o ka mea kēia mau silanes:

1. Reactions o ke aloha hoʻololi kemikala, like me ka hopena o i ia mea nui i silicones - mea pīlali, laholio, sealants, lubricants, emulsions a me na mea e ae.
2. Microelectronics (LCD nā kahu nānā, noniakahi oaoieei-mau kiʻikuhi, etc.).
3. High maemae polysilicon.
4. Kahua niho prosthetics.

Penei, na silanes i loko o ke ao nei kēia mea kiʻekiʻe.

Silicicʻakika a me silicates

Hydroxide o ka hehee ai - ka mea, uaʻokoʻa silicas. kilakila:

• meta;
• o ke;
• polysilicon a me nā nāʻakika.

A pau no ia i na hiʻona - ka lōʻihi imbalance i loko o ka noa moku'āina. Ka mea, i hoopuni decomposed ma ka wela. Ma lalo o maʻamau rula, eia pōkole-ola ana, huli mua i loko o ka Sol, a laila, i ka tuko pīlali. Ma hope o ka maloʻoʻana, i ka silica i gels, ua kapaia ia hale. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia me adsorbents ma kānana.

Nui mai o ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka hana, i ka paʻakai o ka silicic nāʻakika - silicates. Ka mea, i ke kumu o ko lakou hoomakaukau ana o ia waiwai, e like me:

• aniani;
• pōhaku puna;
• i ka lepo pipili;
• zeolite;
• kaolin;
• porcelain;
• earthenware;
• aniani;
• pālolo.

Mekala 'åkilikai metala silicates - wailana, ke koena - ole. No laila, ua kapaʻia ka paʻakai a me ka potasiuma silicate wai aniani. Normal kālana lina - keia mea i ka paʻakai paakai o silicicʻakika.

Akā, i ka loa hana hoihoi i huiʻia nō nā mea a pau o ka mea hookahi aniani. I wale koho no keia waiwai i manaʻo! I kēia lā, hāʻawiʻia mai i nā pōpō,'ōnohi, matte koho. Mea aniani ua pūʻiwa loa i loko o kona nani a me ka 'ano. I ka pepa kekahi mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a nonmetal oxides i ka läÿau, ke loaa i kekahiʻano o ke ano o ke aniani. I kekahi manawa, oia ka iaʻano hoʻokahi, akā, kekahi mau pakeneka o eiiiiiaiou hiki aku ai i ke koena unuhi i loko o ka waiwai o ka mea waiwai. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike i porcelain a me ka earthenware, a haʻilula SiO ₂ * AL ₂ O ₃ * K ₂ O.

Pōaka aniani - mea heʻano o ke kiʻekiʻe maemae huahana, kona haku mele 'ana ua ho'ākāka' ia e like me ka silica i.

i loko o ka silikone hui Discovery

Over ka mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike haʻawina i silikone a me kona hui - ka loa nui i komo i loko o ka maʻamau moku'āina o ola meaola. C deficiency a me ka liki ole i ka haawiia mai hehee ai hou pili maʻi e like me:

• Ka maʻi 'aʻai;
• tuberculosis;
• arthritis;
• cataracts;
• lepera;
• ka hī koko;
• ka rumatika;
• hepatitis a me na mea e ae.

Kūnewa keʻano o ka hanaʻana iā lākou iho me ka laupaʻi ka maʻiʻo o ka silikone mea i pili. Lehulehu ia mea ma luna o mammals i hōʻike i ka nele o ka hehee ai ka naau ino,ʻo Kūhiō, Ka maʻi 'aʻai, a hepatitis C mea hoʻomaʻi ua ho'ā'.