Admiralty hale, St. Petersburg: mōʻaukala, hōʻikeʻano

Petersburg Admiralty kukulu ana o kekahi o ka loa recognizable hōʻailona o ke kulanakauhale. Ua Ua kūkulu i ka noho alii ana o Peter I, a ua mai ua hoʻohana like me ka wahi o ka wahi o nā papa, nā keʻena kahu a me nā lehulehu hui.

Ke brainchild o Peter I

Ke ano nui i ka Admiralty hale ho no ke kulanakauhale, o ka Naauao no ka mea i ka mea i kūkulu koke ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka hou kulanakauhale alii. Peter I ua kino hoʻomau ana i loko o ka ulu ana o kou akamai, a kauōʻia mai o ka shipyard koi 'ia no ka hale a me ka i? Iaie? Kaa. A pau i ka mea e pono ai e hoomakaukau ai hana i ua hana i pono i kekahi mau mahina, a ma ka 1705 ua ka loa mua kukulu o ka Admiralty.

Aie i ka mea ia i ia manawa Rusia ua ma ke kaua ana me Kuekene (me ke kai), ua puni iho la a pau hana hale ma ramparts a me nā kūlana pale bastions. Ka mea, ua pono i loko o ka hihia o ka hoʻopuniʻana o Petersburg, eia nae ka mea, i loa i hoʻohana. Ka moku mua, i loa i loko o ka Admiralty, i ee aku i ka 1706.

I ka Ia manawa ikeiaʻe la e ia ka mea (oihana like paha), kuleana no ka mea holoʻokoʻa Lūkini'auwaʻa. No ka Peter I ua hope hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i kona moe ana o ka hou kumukuai, a, eia hoi, ua ka naau o kona shipbuilding.

I ia manawa, ma ka hou i ka hoʻomalu hale, ia neo? Aaiiai? Ka forge, nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao a me slipways, a hana i ka hou 'aha hoʻokolokolo. Ua paʻa Channel Admiralty ma ka hale, i lilo kekahi hapa o ka hoʻokahi nenoaiie o hoʻokiwikā kaha. Penei, keia wahi ua no hoi he nui kekahi kaʻao ka Hub.

Moku ma ka spire

Ka mua Admiralty hale i kukulu hou ia i ka 1711, a ma hope o ewalu makahiki, e loaa kona kaulana spire. I ka luna o kona moku hoʻonoho huahelu, i ma Hōlani haku, kaulana no kona aloha ana i ka Moana. Ka mea, o ko lakou Europa ka hoao ana, o Petero ho'āʻo i ka haʻaheo i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o ko lākou mau uhane.

Ma ka moku ma ka steeple nō, Ua lena hoopaapaa noiʻi a me kūloko moʻolelo. Hoʻokahi pähola 'ana o kona inverse kiʻi ma laila. Aia i mau kanaka kaulana wahi o ka Hawaii. mai nei kekahi mea o ka moku ho i ka mua moku, i i loko o kona awa o St. Petersburg. Mai ka outset, ua loa wawe ko lakou, a me ka pono uapo ua lilo ka hale no na luina. E like me kekahi kumumanaʻo, huahelu o ka moku i ka mānewanewa kanikau mai keʻano o ka ol ' "ʻaeto". Ka mea, ua ka mua moku kaua o ka Lūkini waʻa, kūkuluʻia ma ka mea o ka makuakane o Petero i ka, Alexei Mikhailovich, i loko o ka 60 makahiki o ka XVII kenekulia.

Ke spire o ka Admiralty ho'āla hou aʻela kekahi mau manawa. I loko o kēia mau kaʻina hana, o ka moku hoʻololi. Ma keia hihia, ka mua huahelu, i ma ka Hōlani i loko o nā makahiki o Peter I, ua nalowale. hele koke akula ia kanaka o ke kulanakauhale Spire. No ia mea, ua lilo ka unofficial hōʻailona o St. Petersburg. Moku Admiralty ma ia oihana hiki ana paʻi me ke keleawe hoʻoholo lio, alahaka huki, a me ka la o Petero a me Paul Hale Pule Nui.

Ma ka XVIII kenekulia

Iloko o na makahiki lōʻihi o kona ola, ke Admiralty hale i loko o St. Petersburg, i kukulu hou ia kekahi mau manawa. I ka 1730-ies. kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Ivan Korobov kūkulu i ka hou pohaku hale, hope o obsolete hale. Ma kēia papahana i ka mea kākau o Petero hoola ana i ke kahikoʻia, akā, loliʻikea ka mea, e haawi ana ia monumental.

Nui presentable mea helehelena ua like kiʻekiʻe no ka mea, o ka mea Admiralty ua ma ke kuʻina o ka papa, a me ka busiest alanui o ke kapikala - ka Nevsky Prospekt, Voznesensky Prospekt a me Gorokhovskaya alanui. A laila, hele mai la ka ai-kapaia "kui kele ma" - he na papakaukau, spire.

Over ke kēia mau makahiki, ke kulanakauhale Aupuni i systematically komo i loko o ennobling a me ka kūkuluʻana mau mea e pili ana i ka luna '. Iloko o ka aiiia, lilo iho la lakou i ka punahele lehulehu hui ke kina ole. I ka pau ana o ka noho alii ana o Elizabeth ua loa n oaa Louka i puni i ka hale. Kēia Hiking Trail koke lilo mahalo i waena o nā kupa a me nā malihini a pau.

Hoohainu i ka wahi a puni o ka Admiralty i malamaʻi, me he kikowaena anuu no ka Moana kino. Ke kai mua thoroughfare i loko o nā kūlanakauhale ma ke kamepiula puka liiiU. A lohe o Elizabeth hoomaka ae la e lawe mai regular hana ma luna o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana.

Zakharov pāhana

Ma ka waena o ka XVIII kenekulia ka mea i kūkuluʻia ai ka Winter Palace. Ua 'ākau a ke kaila, a i hope ka inoa o ka Elizabethan baroque. Ke Palace Ua kokoke loa i ka Admiralty. Ko lakou luku ana dissimilarity a pau i kekahi mau hana hoopilikia wale hoopuni conspicuous. No laila, i loko o ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia, ua manao kekahi mau papahana ke kulanakauhale Aupuni, e upgrade a me ka kūkuluʻana o ka Admiralty hale.

Ma ke kūlana o ke kēpau kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i wae Andreyan Zakharov. He hoomaka hana i ka 1806, a make iho la, a i ka manawa e ike i kona keiki. Kona papahana hoʻomau haumana. Ka mea, i ole hoʻololi i ka hoʻokumu paʻa hai mua ia mai, a na manao Zakharov.

Ka hou mea helehelena o ka Admiralty

E like me ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone ka manaʻoi hāpai 'ia ka mea i kukulu hou ia aneane a pau o ka Admiralty. Mai ka hale kahiko ua noho he bygone halekiai, ma iʻanuʻu o ka papakaukau, spire me ka moku. Ua Ua wāwahi i ke kahiko puʻukaua, i koe i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, mai ka Great Northern War. Ano, i ke poʻo i loaa i ka maluhia o ke ola, a me ka nele i loko o ka bastions nalowale. Ma hookuuia wahi ikea hanohano a me nā noho o St. Petersburg Boulevard. Ano, eia no ka uuku koi Alexander Garden.

Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka hou mea helehelena ua 400 mau mika. A pau i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone pāʻoihana Zakharov hoʻokō me hoʻokahi wale nō manao - e kuapo i keʻano nui nui o ka Admiralty hale i loko o ka palapala o ke kulanakauhale alii. St. Petersburg, a laila, a me ka manawa ia mea paakiki e noonoo ai i na ole o ka mea helehelena kaulana o ka hoʻomalu luna '.

hale mea hoʻonani

Hoihoi hou ia ana na hana o ka XIX kenekulia ua pākuʻi ka Ensemble o ka Main Admiralty na sculptures hou e hoʻokō i ka waiwai kiʻi o ka hale. Nani Loa ke kanaaho, hana ma ka Lūkini haku, depicted kahiko nā moʻolelo a me nā allegories, e like me ka mōʻaukala o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa. A pau i kēia Pono nń ka imperial kūlana like me ka nui malina mana, kona moku Makemaka na kai o ko ke ao nei.

I ka makahiki o ke kūkulu (1823) papahana e Zakharov luna 'la kona mau hanana Kalaiaina. Ka hapa nui o ka mea, ua malamaia a hiki i kēia lā, a me keia mea he nui moʻomeheu nui. Nui hiʻona o ka Admiralty keʻena i kā lākou kiʻiona mea koʻikoʻi ia hui me ka waiwai, ao alohilohi i malamalama, e pili ana kahaha ko oukou naau lewa.

Susana'auwaʻa

Mea moʻolelo Admiralty mai nā 'kekahi mau manawa o ka hoʻohana. Initially, e like me na kauoha o Petero, i kaʻoihana moku papa i loko o ka hale, a ma hope - na Kuhina o ka Moana.

Aia ka hoi o ka ke keʻena luna, o kona mau lala e noho ana i ka loa me ke kuleana Adimarala aupuni a pau. Loko o kēia mau paia, Ua i hoʻoholo ma luna o ka Ewa o ki koa paipai aʻo kai eʻe ma ka mōʻaukala o ka Romanovs. Kou akamai i hanau, a papa hoʻolaukahi ma ka Admiralty, i hoʻohana 'ia i ke kaua ana ma ka Crimean Kaua a me World War II.

mokukaua Museum

Civilians i komo wale i kekahi mau pūʻali he nui eiiieaena. Ma 'ana, mai kaʻikeaʻana o ka Admiralty i loko o ka mea loaa i ka moana Museum. Aia mālama i keʻano nui kia hoʻomanaʻo i o ka Petrine'āina. No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua i ka moku ana hoʻohālike, kauōʻia mai a me ka palapala o ke Auguseto mua, e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu o ka Baltic'auwaʻa kaua.

Ma mua o 1939 keia waiwai e neeaaia ua hana hoʻokipa ma ka Admiralty hale. Kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Zakharov hoomaka makahiki no nā hōʻike i me nā hanauna a ulu a me nā mea a pau e ulu ana. Ma ka Stalin au, o ka Hale hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka hale o ka mea kahiko St. Petersburg Stock a haawi aku i ka pua o Vasilevsky Island.

A hiki i ka hope o ka Romanovs

? Ieoaeunoai kaa ma ka ?? eoi? O ka Admiralty i pau ai i ka makahiki 1844,. A pau i ka ipu Ua hoʻoneʻe i Novoadmiralteyskuyu shipyard. No ka mea, o keia, aole hoi he pono i loko o ka Canal a puni i ka luna '. Ka mea, hiamoe iho la ia. No laila, ma keia wahi ua Horseguards Boulevard.

I ka 1863 ma ka manao paa keia o Emperor Alexander II, he halepule uuku i loko o ka luna 'o ka Admiralty i loaa mai i ke kūlana o ka Hale Pule Nui o ka Uhane Sana Spyridon. A laila, i kukulu ia i ka bele hale kiaʻi. Mau loli E e lewa i loko o ka helehelena o ka nui hale. Orthodox Church i ole makemake ke kanaaho depicting pagan akua - na huapalapala o ka mea kahiko mythological moʻolelo.

Kekahi manawa ma waena o nā clergy a me ke kaua moana Kuhina i ka pili hoopapa. Ma ka hopena,ʻae Alexander II, e hele i ka ekalesia o kēia Ka hale, ua hoonele ia o kekahi mau sculptures a me ka 'ē aʻe nō mea. Loa ia'na o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i hang nei mamua ikaika kue o nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone a me Artists o Petersburg.

I ka 1869, ka Admiralty Tower loaa kona mau hōʻike degere hookuu maiʻEulopa. He kaulia no kanaha makahiki, ma hope i kona i UAIAaIN ma ka hou uila Analog i ka noho alii ana o Rotehama II. Admiralty Ua pinepine Ua he wahi o ka hana ana o na hoa o ka Romanov i nohoaliʻi ai, e like me kekahi mauʻohana o nā aliʻi i loaa mai ka mea kiekie loa kaua i loko o ka Moana. No ka laʻana, ka Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich ua ma ka 'āhewa' ana o nā mea a pau i ke kaua moana Kuhina i loko o ka manawa mai ka MH 1855 a hiki i 1881.

modernity

Ma hope o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, ka Bolshevik aupuni i waiho i loko o ka hale kaua moana Kula. Soon ka mea, loaa ka inoa Feliksa Dzerzhinskogo. Hawaii kekahi prepares nā kānakaʻenehana. Ma keia manao, i loko o nā makahiki 30 ma ka Admiralty ka mea, ua strategically nui keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kiko'ī no Kao lele lako kaua.

Mea pōmaikaʻi, ua aneane i poino ka hale ma ka Kelemānia ea kaua i ka pua ana o Leningrad. Ke spire kaulana i ka moku i unuhi. Ka hope nui hoihoi hou ia ana o ka hale i wahi i loko o ka Brezhnev au i ka makahiki 1977.

Ma kia-Soviet manawa i waena o nā kupa o St. Petersburg mea he paio hahana maoli hoopaapaa e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka Admiralty. I ka 2013, i ka hale kiai me ka spire ua ka Orthodox ekalesia, i ka puka o ka i i hele ma luna ke 'ano laulā o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa.