Apical impulse. Palpation o ka naau

He aha mea he cardiac impulse? Health poe hana i pono kama'āina i kēia manaʻo. No ka poe i ua ole e pili pū ana i ka 'inikua hana, i kēia ho'ākāka' ana i ole mea he nui loa. Pehea e e palpation e kuhikuhi i ka wahi o ka cardiac impulse, like me kekahi o na nuances o keia ina hana, e ia o ka ukupanee i ka pau, a me ka mea i loaʻa i hōʻike i loko o kēia 'atikala e e pono keia mau mea no ka poe e makemake e aʻo i nā kumu o ke o ke ola malama.

cardiac impulse

Cardiac impulse - he ripple hapa o ka anterior pahu pa, a coincides me ka naau contractions. Ua hiki ke ike i ka wa a wehe mai i ka hoʻomanawanui. 'Oiai, ma kekahi hihia, apical impulse hiki ole ike:

• obesity;
• ololi intercostal hakahaka;
• e hoʻomōhala ana i nāʻiʻo;
• nui umauma.

Best o nā mea a pau ia mea kekahi 'i loko o kanaka me asthenic kumukānāwai. E loaa ia, 'ē aʻe ma mua o nana palpated atrial māhele' āina, a hooholo i ka wahi o ka cardiac impulse, loiloi i kona waiwai no ka 'ike hou aku.

palpationʻano hana

Lima'ākau i loko o ka wānana oleloia pahu aku ai i, ma waena o 3 a me 6 i loko o ka palena apex o ka naau. Ho oholo i ka ripple ma ka ili o ka lāʻau, a laila, localize ia i ka wēlau o ka 'inideka manamana lima. Ua pono e hoʻouka kekahi p ÷ haku i ka pahu. Ma ka loa, he pono ole pulsation oholo kona hema, a malalo wahi. Keia wahi o ke kahua o cardiac impulse. Incidentally, ka mea i koho wahi, kahi e ua nānā 'protrusion umaumaʻiʻo pepa maʻi phalanx palpate manamana lima, a me kaʻaoʻao surfaces o ia.

Inā ka apex o ka naau, e haha aku i ka hoʻonui ku i ke ano o ka pahu i ole, ka mea, ua hana me ka palpation ka lń i imua umauma, a me ka hoʻomanawanui ua kau ma luna o kaʻaoʻao hema. Ke Muscle o ka naʻau i loko o kēia mau kulana paa i adherent i ka pahu, a pushes i ka lihi o ka haʻalele akemāmā.

I ka haʻalele kīloi paʻewa kulana, cardiac impulse mea ma lalo, a ma ka hema 2 knm, no laila, ke hou i wahi i ka intercostal kahua, a ua ho'ākāka 'ia ka ho'ēmiʻana, akā, no ka 2 knm medial i ka hookomo iho la ia wahi. Palpation apical impulse e Exhale maoli i ka manawa o ka hoʻoholo 'kona wahi, no ka mea, ma ka manawa o ka hookiekie ana i ka diaphragm, naau, e hoolilo ana i kekahi pendulum ana i ka hema a me ka mai, hele aku i loko o ka papamoe kulana, e hookuke i ka lihi o ka haʻalele akemāmā.

Kauka hoʻoholo i kekahi mau waiwai o cardiac impulse:

• wahi;
• e kū'ē'ē mai;
• prevalence;
• kiʻekiʻe.

Location cardiac impulse

Hoemi cardiac apex ho okumu i cardiac impulse. I ka luna ua iki medial i ka laina hapalua like-clavicular i loko o ka 5th intercostal makahiki ma ka hema. Ua Ua Aia kŘpa a alalai ole ia mai, a me ka pendulum-e like neʻeʻana. Inā 'oe e hoʻololi i ke kulana o ke kino, e neʻe aku, a pahu aku ai IIeEeAIEUAA. Kekahi nā kinolau o ka pahu aku ai i pohupani hale ua, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna.

A i kekahi kanaka ma ka'ākauʻaoʻao huli hōʻike pohupani hale kahua atrial pulsation Aʻole ole ana, a me ka lima hema akemāmā, i keia manawa, ka hoʻokikina i ka naau, ke hoopau ai i ke hoʻoneʻe ia ia, mai ka pahu pa. Nolaila, maʻamau, ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau, atrial pulsation hiki aneane nalo.

Pathological pohupani hale o ka naau pulsation

Na offset ripple māheleʻia i loko o nā 'ano:

1. Na offset me ka naau maʻi ua i pili (pneumothorax, hydrothorax, akemāmā scarring, pulmonary emphysema, pahaohao nui o ku diaphragm - ascites, hāpai keiki, flatulence, emaciation)
2. Pathological pulsation pili me ka naau maʻi.

Ma ka hope hihia, ke naeaeaa hema ia lŘlŘ aie i ka hua o ka hema ventricle, kekahi manawa, i ka anterior axillary laina, a iho i 6,7,8 intercostal hakahaka. Ke anoe o ka ventricle akau i ka offset i ka haʻalele palena o ka naau, oia ke, akā, o ka pahu aku ai i ka 5 intercostal ka lewa.

Ke prevalence o cardiac pulsation

Square protrusions cardiac impulse mea e pili ana 2 cm². Inā ka mea, ua oi aku ia, alaila, ke olelo nei makou o ka eiei? A hohola iho la i ka maemae a me ka jerk. Ma ka lalo wahi ia mea i kaupalena '.

Common pulsation ia lŘlŘ ka wā o ka naau o ka hapanui o kona ili mea e pili ana i ka pahu paia. Ua malama:

• me ka hanu nui;
• hāpai keiki;
• ma hikoko o ka mediastinum a me na mea e ae.

I ka wa e kaawale aku o kēia mau kūlana kiki nń e ia i ka hopena o ke anoe ana o ka naau (o nā mea a pau a me kekahi o kona wahi).

Limited cardiac impulse ia lŘlŘ ka wā o ka naau mea he uuku wahi mea e pili ana i ka pahu. Ke kumu no keia hiki e:

• emphysema;
• haahaa e ku ana diaphragm;
• pericardial effusion ;
• hydro, pnevmoperikard.

Ke kiekie o ka cardiac impulse

Cardiac impulse kiʻekiʻe - ka ikaika hawewe o ka hapa pulsating o ka pahu. Hoomaopopo kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa a me ka maʻamau cardiac impulse. Ke kumu haʻahaʻa nō i ka ia like no ka mea i kaupalena '. Alaila, na kumu o eiei palapala kiʻekiʻe apical impulse. Ua i ia lŘlŘ ka wā tachycardia aie thyrotoxicosis, wela, paka, ma lalo kiʻekiʻe anakahi uila.

Hoʻopale cardiac impulse - pulsation, a haawi i ka manao o ka manoanoa, anuanu Muscle palpation, puʻe mea i oluolu i ka lima. No laila, ina ia mea nō eiei, ikaikaʻole, a laila ka mea, ua ho'ākāka 'ia me he Dome-hoʻokino apical impulse. Maʻamau, ka mea, ua i hoomaopopoiaʻi, akā, ua hanaʻia me ka hypertension a aortic mā ka wā ulu hema ventricular hypertrophy.

Noke cardiac impulse

Retraction o ka pahu pā i loko o ka wahi o ka cardiac impulse ma systole - he io apical impulse. He akaka ia me ka hookahua hoʻopaneʻe o ka ventricle akau, a pushes ka posterior kihi o ka ventricle hema. Systolic contraction mea hiki paha ia o ka kŰia.

Retraction o intercostal hakahaka ia lŘlŘ ka wā o ka lina pericarditis.

'ē aʻe pulsation

Diagnostically nui makahiki ma pulsation o ka aorta, pulmonary artery a me ka epigastrium ripple. I ka mua o ia meaʻike makaʻole i ka maʻamau. Pathological hookahi ripple akaka i ka II intercostal makahiki ma ke kihi akau o ka sternum. Na kumu no kona hanana nā:

• pono akemāmā scarring;
• hoʻonui aorta (syphilis, aneurysm o ka pii aorta, aortic kiwikā mā).

Pulsation pulmonary artery (II intercostal ka lewa i ka hema o ka sternum) - i ka hopena o pulmonary hypertension ma mitral kiwikā mā.

Epigastric pulsation ua 'akomi i loko o ka epigastric fossa. Na kumu no kona hanana:

• ptosis o ka ventricle akau;
• abdominal aortic aneurysm.

ka hopena

Ka luna-i ho'ākāka 'ia kāu kiʻina hana o ka noiʻi mea nui no nā loea, akā, ma ka pili ana i ka hooulu ana o ka lako e lapaʻau' ana, kauka ka hoʻokô 'ia wā pathology e pilikia makapō nana a me ka palpation o ka hopeʻumi makahiki i ua hoʻemi me ka nui loa.

I ka Ia manawa, i ka pono, e hoʻomau i ka luna hana ka loa kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomalu hooholo apical impulse ma palpation, E e hooluolu, a 'Imi ke kaʻana like' ike hou aku ma ka noi ana o keia hana ma ka laau lapaau.

Ma na hihia a pau, i ka pono o ka palpation alakaʻi i ka 'oluʻolu hualoaʻa, a me ke kakahiaka nuiʻike, o ka mea maʻi. Koho mākaukau apical impulse (i loko o maʻamau a me nā pathologies) mea he nui aiao no ka kukulu ana i na ki ina hana like o ka hana maikaʻi i nā mea maʻi.