Arnold Schoenberg: Kawaihae a me ka hana pokole, kiʻi

Arnold Schoenberg, makakū manawa pōkole i hiki ke hōʻike i kū hoʻokahi, i noho ai he hana hoihoi a me ka eventful ola. He komo i ka mōʻaukala o ka honua mele like me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni nana i i kipi i loko o ka haku mele 'ana, me kona kula iho o ke mele i hana, haʻalele ka hoihoi''āina hoʻoili a me ka pau Wiliau Hōkū o ka haumana. Arnold Schoenberg - kekahi o na i ka haku mele nui loa o ka 20th kenekulia.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka Family

September 13, 1874 ma Vienna, i hanau Arnold Schoenberg, kona Kawaihae,ʻaʻole e e oluolu, akā, ka mea, ua mau e pili ai i ke mele. Schoenberg ka ohana i noho ai i loko o ka Iudaio ghetto. Makua - Samuel Schoenberg - i hānau i loko o Pressburg, au i he uuku kāmaʻa hale kūʻai. Mother - Pauline Nachod - he kanaka maoli o Palaka, ua he kumu o ka hoʻokani piano. Arnold i ka maʻamau noho 'ana kamaliʻi, uaʻaʻohe hoailona o kona wā e hiki mai nui.

loaa ia oihana

Mai kekahi kakahiaka makahiki, hoomaka ae la kona makuwahine, e ao aku i ka mele o Arnold, ana i haawi ai ka manaolana. Akā, no ka mea, e hoʻomau lākou ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka 'ohana i ole. He aʻo i ka 'epekema o ka hoʻoponopono-haku mele' ana. A mau haʻawina ma ka counterpoint haawi ia ia i loko o-kānāwai, ka mea kaulana'Aukekulia haku mele, a alakaʻi mele, no ka mea kaikuwahine Shenberga Matilda mare - Alexander av Zemlinsky. Mea hoʻokani pila i nā hoa loa maikai, lifelong koe manao iho a me ka pinepine kōkua kekahi i kekahi manaʻo kōkua ma ka no o arguing. Ua Ua ikaika pono Zemlinsky colleague e lilo i ka 'oihana kākau moʻolelo o ke mele. I ka wā e hiki mai haku mele Arnold Schoenberg like me ka teenager hākilo loa e hähä i kona oihana, a me ka mea o nā kumu,ʻaʻole e noho ana i loko o kona lokomaikaʻi, i nā mea a pau i kona hoʻokoe manawa e mele.

Ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka' oihana 'oihana

Ka 'ohana i noho ai i ka waiwai o ke ola, a me kona makua kāne make ia, oiai Arnold ua 15, a ua lilo loa paʻakikī. Ke kanaka'ōpiopio lā i ka lawe ma luna o kekahi 'oihana. Arnold Schoenberg hana me he kapa Kakauolelo, peddler kūʻai lilo mai kekahi alakai poe mele i ka hana, i kākau orchestrations no operettas. Akā,ʻo ia i haʻalele i kona mau haʻawina ma ka mele i loko o kona hoʻokoe manawa palapala iho la oia i kana mau hana. Kela manawa, i ka 1898 ma Vienna no ka manawa mua, e hana i na hana e Schoenberg mai ka weliweli. I ka 1901, hele aku la ia Pelelina, kahi ana i nā haʻawina a mele ma ka conservatory Stern aku nei i hiki aku ai i ka haku mele papa.

I keia manawa, ua lilo ike me Gustavom Malerom, a loaa he nui hopena ma luna o ka pokole o ke ao nei mai o Schoenberg. I ka 1903, hoi aku la oia i Vienna, a hoomaka ae la e hana ana i loko o ke kula mele. I ka Ia manawa,ʻo ia hooponopono iho i ke kākau mele i loko o keia manawa, ka mea, ua malama aku i loko o ka mooolelo o ke kula Kelemānia a i ka haku mele o ka pō 19th kenekulia. Ka loa nui hana o keia pae i: kui sextet "Hoopahaohaoia iho la ia Night" poem "Pelleas listen Melisande" (1902-1903 GG.), Ke cantata "Songs Gurria" (1900-1911 GG.). Arnold Schoenberg ka oko ao i ka 'auhau nui no ka hana, i ka hoʻomaka o ke alanui, ao mai la oia i ka mea ia manawa, i palapala mai ai i ka puolo, i' aha mele.

Kawaihae a me ka mele

Ma Schoenberg ka haku mele i ka hana, he ekolu manawa: leo (mai ka 1898 a hiki i ka makahiki 1908), atonal (1909-1922 GG.) A dodecaphony (mai 1923). Evolution mele ua hoʻopili i kona huli no ka hou ala, a me ka houʻana. Kona hoʻopaʻi, ua ua hoʻopili mua me ka expressionism, mai aʻo ia ma hopeʻo ia i kona hoʻokahuli aupuni discoveries. Prior i ka 1907, Schoenberg ua neʻe ma ka laina me ke kahiko panina mele. Akā, i kēia makahiki, aia mea he'ano'ē loli i loko o kona noʻeau honua, ka mea i manaʻo he hailona e pili ana i ke mele, kakau iho la oia i kaʻimi naʻauao hana. Aia He He complication o kana wahine 'ōlelo, mahuahuaʻono no dissonance, akā nō i hoopaa mai ai i ka kuʻuna aloha.

A ma ka 1909, ka mea i hoʻomaka i ka hou a o kona ola. I ka 1911, Arnold Schoenberg, kona Kawaihae e ho onui ana momentum i loko o ke ao nei o ka mele, e hele ana hoʻi i Pelelina, kahi no 4 makahiki holoholo mākou me ke alakaʻi mele. Ma kēia manawaʻo ia i mua loa-ike mele maʻEulopa. I ka 1915, ka haku mele i nā makahiki koho 'i loko o ke kaua. Kēia manawa ua wehewehe aku atonal leo rejection o ka hana oaio Schoenberg 12 UOAN like pili leo chromatic pālākiō. I ka 1923, ua loaa mai i ka inoa o ke Kumu o ke mele, a he kono e hana i ka Pelelina School o Music. Me ka hiki ana i ka mana o ka Nazis i ka makahiki 1933, Schoenberg hoʻokuʻu mai i ka Conservatory, a me ka ia, makau hou na ka hoino anei, e like me kekahi 'elele o ka Iudaio lāhui kanaka, e emigrate. Mua aku la ia i Farani, a ma hope ma ke United States.

Ke kolu o ka wā o ka haku mele hāliu aku i kāna nui discoveries. He hoʻomaka e gravitate i ka naauao hoʻolālā o ka wahine puke, i kūkuluʻia i nā mele o nā nanahe he umikumamalua i mea ole hai hou i loko o ka hookahi lālani. No laila, he mea he dodecaphonic mele. Ma Shengberga hana loa noonoo i ka au, piha o ka loli, e like me kona pilikino mea naʻau ka hoao ana.

pähola 'o ke mele

Ka haku mele i mau ho'āʻo i ka pāʻana i ka palapala a me ka mea o ka olelo o kona mele, e hele mai ana ka hapanui unconsciously. No laila, ua hōʻike mai iā ia nā mea a pau i kona hiʻona'āina inā pilikia ka haumāna a me nā manaʻo ma ka nuiʻepekema pepa. I ka 1911, Arnold Schoenberg kakau iho la i kona mua nuiʻimi naʻauao hana "ke ao ana o ka lama 'ana." Mua i loko o laila, oia ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i kona manaʻo e pili ana i ka tonal aloha, a ua nui loa no ia a pau kona ola. Kēia puke Ua lilo ka wale maopopo ana hana o ka haku mele. Ma hope, alaila e kaili i kākau kekahi mau hana i ka mea ia manawa, mau pololeiʻiʻo nō ia, a appends ia, oiai kona wa e ola ana, aole lakou i i paʻiʻia.

Wale i ka 1994 e holopono ana mai i loko o ka malamalama, hui i loko o kekahi buke - ". Pilina, counterpoint, orchestration, i ke ao ana o ka palapala" I kēia mau manaʻo ma luna o wahine kūpili a me ka manao ana o ka orchestration o ka hoomakaukau kino ma ka counterpoint, a i ole pau ma ke kumu o ka haku mele 'ana, akā, e hōʻike i ka olelo i loko o ka poʻe i noho i kona noiʻi. "Paʻa o Musical haku mele '" i paʻiʻia ma ka hopena o 20th kenekulia haku nā haumāna. Arnold Schoenberg i he nui na makana i ka kumumanaʻo o ka mele, oia ua hiki i ka ike i ka evolution o ka wahine ka manaʻo a me ka mua mai kona ulu ana i loko o ka makahiki mua. Ma kana mau palapala, Schoenberg Hōʻike 'ia ma ka manao pono o ka huina hoonui, o ka hooulu ana o ka wahine manaʻo, a hele mai i ka manao monotonalnosti.

hoʻonaʻauao ha awina

Haku mele lifelong hoʻoili ma ka ao - mua ma ke kula, a laila, ma ka conservatory ma Pelelina. I pio,ʻo ia hana ma Boston University, Kaleponi Hema, Los Angeles, e ao ana mele kumumanaʻo a me ka haku mele 'ana. Arnold Schoenberg i hana mai i kekahi kula a pau o i ka haku mele, a i ka inoa o "Mahele Viennese School". He Ua lawe mai e nā haumāna i loko o ka uhane o ka hana ana i ke mele,ʻo ia i kūkā iho ia i ka pololei ma hope i kona kumu hoʻohālike, a ua imi wale i ko lakou mau ala i loko o ke akamai. Kona maikai haumāna, noonoo iho la A. Berg a me Anton Webern, ka mea i hiki i ka hopena koe malama pono i kona manaʻo, a māhuahua kuokoa i ka haku mele pono o ko lākou mau kumu. Schoenberg alakaʻi a pau bila kanaka, me ka maikai kākauʻana ma luna o polyphony, a ua manaoia i ka kumu o ka poʻokela. Me kana poe haumana haku mele hoʻomau i ka pono me ka launa pū, a ma hope o kā lākou hookuu, ka mea, ua lākou unquestioned mana. Kēia ka mea i 'ae' ia e lilo i ka Wiliau Hōkū o e like-manao kanaka.

Dodecaphony Arnolda Shenberga

Arnold Schoenberg, he pōkole Kawaihae a hiki ke ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o hoʻokahi hua'ōlelo "dodecaphony", lilo iho la ia i ka ideologue a me ka propagandist no ka hou hema i loko o ke mele. I kona huli 'ana no ka loa ka hoʻokele waiwai wahine ke kākau' ana i ka haku mele ke hele mai i ka manaʻo o ka 12-leo mele nenoaiu. Kēia loaʻa i ka haku mele hou-aʻo i ka haku `ia mele,ʻo ia mea he wahi lihi iki o ka experimenting me ka palapala, e nana ana no ka hou nā manawa kūpono no kā lākou zvukochastotnogo hana.

Paʻa o ka 'enehana hou ia e ho'āʻo ai i ka hoʻokani piano mau'āpana, a wahi a ka hailona. Ma hope, o kona pii ana i ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o nā hana (Ka Pakipika, Quartet, Hawaiian Orchestra) i loko o ka hou kaila. Kona discoveries radically i alakaʻi ai i ka hooulu ana o ka mele i loko o ka 20th kenekulia. Kona manao, i ka mea, ua i ulu maopopo, i lalau aku la ia e hoohalike ana, ulu, hemolele, i kekahi manawa i ka exhaustion. Kona na makana i ka mele hoike aku ia ia iho i loko o ka ho'āʻo pono e hōʻoi 'ana i ka wahine palapala.

ka papa kuhikuhi hana

Arnold Schoenberg haʻalele i ka nunui wahine hoʻoilina. Akā,ʻo kona loa nui hana o ka paʻa hapa keaka mele "o Mose a me Aarona," ka manaʻo eʻikeʻia i loko o nā 20s o ka 20th kenekulia, a hookomo i ka pau evolution, a me ka huli no ka haku mele. I Schoenberg ka keaka mele embodies a pau kona philosophical Outlook, me konaʻuhane a pau. Ua mea i nui ai i ka haku mele i ka hana ioiinyony: "ke keʻena o Symphony", Op. 9, i ke keaka mele "with Iwalani lima", 5 Piano liilii, Op. 23, "Ode ia Napoleon".

Personal ola

Arnold Schoenberg, kona kiʻi hiki ke 'ike i kēia lā i loko o nā puke ma luna o ka mōʻaukala o ke mele, noho iho la i ka mumulu mai ke ola. Ma waho aʻeo ia mele,ʻo ia ua mumulu mai pena, kana hana i ua hōʻike ma nui keʻena ma loko oʻEulopa. He ua he hoaaloha o Kokoschka, Kandinsky, ua he lâlâ 'o ka Prussian Halau o Arts. I loko nō o kona ola, palapala iho la oia i na hana e pili ana i 300.

Arnold Schoenberg mare no ka manawa mua loa i kakahiaka nui, no ka mea, i ka 1898 ua lilo i Kalawina. Wahine hoopunipuni ma luna ona, hele aku la i kana ipo, akā, laila, hoʻi maila ia i kaʻohana, a me kona boyfriend hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. Kana wahine Matilda make i ka 1923, a me ka mea i pau ai i ka māpuna wā o ka haku mele ka pilikino ola. A makahiki ma hope, ua mare oia i ke kaikuwahine o ka violinist a me ka hauʻoli noho me ia no ke koena o ke ola. I ka makahiki 1933, ua hoʻoholo ihola e hoʻi i ka Iudaio, a hele i ke kūpono oihana ma Palika halehalawai.

Makau Arnolda Shenberga

Haku mele nui akamai, makemakika mākau, akā, i irrational rula ua malihini ia ia. i kona a pau ke ola ke alualu i na hopohopo nona a me misgivings. He aha ka ai i makau haku mele Arnold Schoenberg? He ua pohihihi keia phobia - ia'ā'ā ma ka maka o ka 13. He i hanauia ma keia helu, he wa e ola ae ho'āʻo ana hale a me Hotel lumi ma lalo o kēia aka. No laila, i ka makaʻu no Arnold Schoenberg e ho'ōla? Ka helu? No, no papa, ua makau o ka make. He uaʻike pono au, e make ma luna o ka 13th o ua huahelu 76 - like i 13 - e lawe mai ia ia i ka make. Nā makahiki o kona mai ana mai 76th lā hānau,ʻo ia i noho ai ma ka makue, a hiki i ka lā hoʻokahi, hele akula i ka moe me ka oiaio i ka make, e hele mai no ia i keia la. He malaila i ka pau lā i loko o kahi moe, e kali ana no ka hope o ka hora. Ma ka pō, i ka wahine, hoohiolo lakou, a kiola aku la ia ia e hana naʻaupō kēia mea ana, a kiʻi mai o kona wahi moe. Akā, i loko o 13 minuke ma mua ke aumoe, i mai la ia i ka hua'ōlelo "aloha" a me ka haʻalele i kēia ao nei. No laila, July 13, 1951 i ka honua lilo he haku mele nui.