Binders: ka waiwai, Mea Maluna, hōʻikeʻano, noi

Binders i ike no kā lākou akea hana i loko o ka hana hana no ka makaukau o ka pōhaku puna a me ka lepo hoʻohana ma o ka hana o ka hale, a me na hale. Ua nuiʻano likeʻole o ka ia, a me kēia lā mākou e pokole hoopa aku ma luna o ka papa kuhikuhiE na subgroups.

Mea Maluna binders

E like me kā lākou me Kinohi ka mea, e hai aku i ka ke aloha paha'okanikaʻole hui. Ka mea mua no i ka likeʻole iie?, Mea hohono, pitches a me nā mea hohono. O ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka palapala noi - manufacturing kaupaku kapa i hiki ke wili a apanaʻano, a me ka laulāʻano o asphaltic pōhaku puna maopopo pono hana. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kiʻiona Hawaiʻi o ko lākou - hydrophobicity, oa ka hiki, e hoopalupalu mai, a lawe i ka pae'ōnaehana moku'āina i paio hahana maoli nō paha ma ka hui 'ana me kekahi ke aloha wai.

Lua o ka pūʻulu -'okanikaʻole astringents - he o Lime, puna a me ka lepo pipili no hoi. Ka mea, i nā mea a pau e pono ai i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka sayings keʻano o ka pōhaku puna a me ka papa wiliʻai. Helehelena'okanikaʻole binders hooku iho la ia mea wili palaoa lepo mea me ka waiwai o ka hoʻohuihui me ka wai i loko o ke kaʻina hana huli i loko o wai-ea berena maka-e like nui, e hoopaakiki i ka hana i ka pōhaku mau nō.

He aha characterizes ia

Ke kumu waiwai o'okanikaʻole binders me Kinohi - hydrophilicity, plasticity me ka wai a me ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka hiki, e neʻe i ka paa moku'āina o semiliquid doughy. He kēia okoa, mai ka pae mua.

Ma ke ano o ka hoopaakiki i ka'okanikaʻole binders noonoo lewa, neaa,ʻakika a autoclaved. Ua hilinaʻi nui ma ka hiki ana o ka papa a hiki i ka loan loa me maoli climatic aʻe.

Air binders hoopaakiki, interacting me ka wai, a no ka lilo o ka pōhaku paʻa, ke noho ma keia ano i loko o ka lewa no ka wā lōʻihi o ka manawa. Akā, inā i ka huina hoonui, a me ka? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia i me kā lākou lawe, malalo iho o ke regular moisturizing, keia ikaika e e nalowale koke. Hale a me nā iauaeoia o kēiaʻano mea hiki wawe ka susceptible i ka pōʻino.

He aha ka i loko o kēia hui? Mau mea maʻa mau nā gypsum magnesian astringents - lepo, ea Lime. Inā mākou e nānā i kā lākou Nine Inch haku mele 'ana, i ka pau kēia pae, ma ka huli, hiki ke subdivided i loko o eha hou. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i nā mea a pau lewa binders i kekahi Lime (ma muli o ka kalipuna'okesaside) a me ka magnesia (i loaʻa mau caustic magnesite) a gypsum mea hoʻopaʻa kukuluia nānā' ana i kalipuna sulphate i kekahi wai aniani - silicate o potasiuma paha paʻakai, na ma ke ano o ka koʻana koko pāʻoihana.

E i "koʻana koko" pono

Ano, e ka nānā aku i kekahi pūʻulu - neaa binders. Ka mea, kamaʻilioʻana, e hoopaakiki iho i ko, a me ka paʻa malama i ka ikaika 'ano i loko o ke kaiapuni,ʻaʻole wale i ka lewa, aka, i ka wai. Ke Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ko lākouʻano huikau a me ka ho he huihui' ana o ia wahi oxides.

A pau o keia pae nui, ma ka huli, hiki ke mahele ia i lepo pipili silicate kumu i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ka a ma kahi o 75% o ke kalipuna silicates (ʻano nui e kamailio pu ana Portland lepo pipili no hoi me kona mau? Ueony, i kēia pae ke kumu o ka laulā o kēia hale lako) a me kekahi subgroup - aluminate lepo pipili no hoi ka nānā 'ana ma luna o kalipuna aluminate (ka loa kaulana lunamakaainana - a pau ano o alumina lepo pipili). Ke kolu o ka pūʻulu ua haawiia romantsement a neaa Lime.

He aha binders haawiia i like kaʻakika-hoʻopale? Kēia -ʻakika pōaka lepo pipili no hoi i hiki mai ma ke ano o ka läÿau, o ka pōaka one palaoa lepo me ka silikone. Pani ia läÿau, he koʻana koko pāʻoihana o ka paʻakai silicate a potasiuma.

A ano hiʻona o ka pae o kaʻakika-paa konohiki o ko lakou hiki, ma hope o hele i ka loiloi mua kahua o ka hoopaakiki ana i loko o ka lewa lōʻihi lawa e counteract i keʻano pākīkē keiki o okoa nāʻakika.

Aloha i kukulu

Other loa subgroup - ke aloha binders (oia hoi, e like me ua oleloia,ʻano nuiʻano likeʻole o ka anoaeuoiauo a me bituminous mea) mai he loa okoa maoli. Ka ua anoaeuoiauo hiki eʻimi hoʻopunipuni a kūlohelohe kumu. Ma keʻano hoʻokahi me ia mea hui me na bitumen i loko o ka palapala o nā minelala hao, limestone, a sandstone.

I ke kukulu hana anoaeuoiauo hoʻomano hoʻohana ma ka alanui hale kūkuluʻia a me nā Airfield like me ka läÿau, o ke one, iliili a paopaoia pohaku me bitumen. ʻO ia ka haku mele 'Ua anoaeuoiauo hoʻohana like me ka waterproofing.

He aha ka bitumen? Kēia - ke alohaʻia (kekahi ma kona ano maoli pahaʻimi hoʻopunipuni), ma ka i 'ole - kiekie hydrocarbons a me kā lākou nā mea loaʻa i loaʻa ka naikokene, i oxygen a me ka luaipele. Laulā o ka bitumen ka loa ka laula, a me ka papa koa, mai alanui a me ka hale noho kukulu ana i na hana o ka Nine Inch hana, a me ka HW oihana puolo.

Ma ka mea hohono ike ke aloha binders i loko o ka haku mele 'ana a - onaona kiʻekiʻe-hakakino carbohydrates a me nā mea loaʻa a pau - sulfuric,ʻakika a me ka naikokene.

Ko lakou mau mea pono keia mau ano

Ke kumu o koi i ola no ka ke aloha hui o binders komo i loko o ka ka lawa degere o ka (viscosity) ma ka manawa o ka interacting me ka paa ili i makemake ae hoike kiʻekiʻe paleia lakou waiwai a me ka wetting e lilo ka wai-hoʻopale films. Kekahi koi '- ka hiki, e malama i ka pono o kaʻikepili no ka wā lōʻihi o ka manawa.

Mau binders loaʻa hoʻohana i ka hoomoe ana i kona alanui a me ka kulanakauhale alanui, ka mea, uhi airports a me nā alanui, hooponopono, sidewalks a me ka palaoa i hale ilalo o ka hale a me ka hanalima noi.

Ano, e ke kumu o ke ano o ka hale mea pili i nā pūʻulu mau helu mai noʻonoʻo. Hoole hou -'okanikaʻole pūʻulu uaʻano nui puunaueia i loko o ka poe e hoopaakiki iho i loko o ka lewa a me ka poe mea e hiki ke hana ia i loko o ka koʻana koko meakino.

Astringents - hana pono hana

He pono-ike lepo o ka loa, he pono ole o binders, e hoopaakiki i ka lewa. Ua Ua loaʻa kona palapala noi i loko o ka hana ana o keʻano o nā hale. Ua ho pālolo sediment, na like me ka läÿau, o ka lepo (particles) o microscopic nui me ka one a me ke olonā i palolo inclusions. Ka mea uuku o lakou, ua kapaia lakou he maikai. Ua apono 'kā lākou loaʻa nui i ka hui' ana i loko o ka hua 'ia e huli i loko o ka berena maka-e like waiwai. Vysohnuv, keia ea nuipa a hoopuni solidifies i loko o ka hoʻoholo ma mua shape ia ia.

Inā ke kinona, e kuni i ka mea, i ke kūponoʻimi hoʻopunipuni pohaku mai i kekahi ikaika i lawa ke kiekie. E like me nā mea pōhaku binders, no ka mea, o ka mea okoa haku mele 'ana o ka lepo hiki e keʻano o ka malu. Mai nā pāʻoihana ma luna o lākou muli waiho kapuahi, a stoves, e like me ua'omoʻomoʻia nā pōhaku lepo. Ka mea hiki e menina, ka waʻa a me ka awelika. Clay i kekahi refractory fireclay-ano, no nae paʻa mau i loko o ka manaʻo o ke kapuahi, a stoves.

He aha ka Lime

Kekahi loa ua kaulana a mai ka laulā laulā o ka palapala noi mea hoʻopaʻa i kapaia o aeronautical kūkuluʻia Lime, a ua loaa mai ka pōhaku o chalk, dolomite, limestone a me ka limestone. I ka papa kuhikuhiE'okesaside mea paha e okoa, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka lewa o ka Lime hiki ke maheleia i dolomite, magnesian, kalipuna. A pau ekolu? Ueony i, ke ahi i loko o ka umu ahi limestone like kumu.

Air i e Lime a quicklime a slaked (a hydrate). Ka hope ua hana i ka blanking kekahi o ka ekolu luna.

Inā 'oe e nānā i ka na Lime he mokuahana, e hiki ke lawe ia i ka Komkova a me ka pauka. Quicklime Ua lawa ka nui porous popo palaoa. I hoopio ai hoi i ka wai me ka mea ua hana mai Lime putty. I mea e "e" mai Komkova Lime pauka, e paka i ka hydration kaʻina (hoopio ai hoi i), a wili aʻela popo palaoa. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana 'like me ka mea hoʻonui, a me ka ia. Mea hoʻonui i malama like slag,ʻeleu nā minelala hao a me pōaka one kumu.

A pau o ka nou ana la o

Na kēia mea - puna, iʻikeʻia me gypsum. Ua ua hua mai ma ka hana maikaʻi thermally pēpē gypsum. Gypsum solidifies, maalo ae la oia i ekolu waena pae oia hoi o ka mea, hahai aku ma ka noho male 'ana, a laila, kolloidatsiey crystallization. I ka maalo ae la oia i ke kahua mua, he paʻa kūhohonu loa pāʻoihana o ke dihydrate gypsum. Hoopaakiki, ka mea Hoʻonui i ka pono a lilo i laumania keʻokeʻo ili.

Ana pigments e haawi 'atikala o kekahi ano e kipaku gypsum. Ke kau kaʻina hana o ka mea hoʻopaʻa maʻamau hoomaka ma hope o ka hala ana o 4 minuke, mai ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka hoʻohuihui. Ka pau 'ana o solidification i wahi ma ka laulā, mai 6 a hiki i 30 minuke ma hope.

Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka hoola iho la i ka hui o ka gypsum a me ka wai Mix a me ka hipa kāne ka mea, ua hiki ole i ka mea e pale i ka pilikia o ka poho o ka pū'āʻana ano. gypsum lama i neia manawa, ua nui loa, e denoted ka mea, ma kekahi mau helu, characterizing i ka degere o compressive ikaika.

Ua Ua kuai pūʻolo helu i mauʻeke o kekahi nui like 'ole. Gypsum ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hapanui kaiāulu i loko o ka Kalaiaina o ka hale a me ka lehulehu hale. Mai ka mea, no ka mea, he lōʻihi manawa ia i ka hopena he i kekahiʻano o curly shape. E mālamaʻoukou i ka mea, e ia wale nō i loko o ka lumi maloo, me ka i kaupalena 'holopapa ke ola ma muli o ka hiki emi ana o ka ikaika e like me ka iniiaiie maikaʻi kēia mea e like ai.

A me ka oi ana o ka nou ana la o

Kukulu puna nana e like me ka lepo kala mai poʻo i ka aahu keokeo. Inā hui pu ia me ka wai, he ano naoh hoʻomaka, i ka läÿau, Ua paio hahana maoli nō. Ke gypsum ua ia e hui aku kūikawā pono, e haawi ia ia e like me ka mālama mau kōkua i, i ka manao o ka a - e hoʻoikaika 'o ka hana mau a me ka loaʻa i ka puna a me iki nae i ka wā o ka a.

E hoomahuahua i ka nui o nā ole poho ana o ka waiwai, ka lawelaweia ana fillers (e laʻa me, hoomaka perlite, a me Mika). Special kiʻekiʻe-ikaika gypsum ua calcined ma kiʻekiʻe mahana i ka aniani ka wai ua wehe mai ia. Kona kau iho i poe paakiki, a mahuahua nui i 20 hola, a me ka paakiki o ka oi aku ia o nāʻano likeʻole.

Puna impregnated e haawi aku i ka kinikini (wahi lilelile keʻokeʻo, lohi e hoopaakiki a hoʻohana 'ia no ka puna Kalaiaina surfaces), a me ka hana ana o kekahi mau wahahee i loko o ia fillers a me ka mālama kōkua iā ia,. I ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi o ka hapanui o kēia mau mea hoʻonui - malama me ka retarder. I mea e hana kona Kalaiaina puna makaukau ma ka puna machines me ka hiki hou mai o kekahi mau fillers, e like me ke one.

Mai keia ka mea, ua loaa ia drywall paha puna hale papa, ua hoʻohana pū gypsum no ka hoopiha ana ami ma waena o lākou. Pinepine gypsum putty ka like waiwai.

Kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka lepo pipili

He aha nā waiwai e neaa binders? Ke kaʻina hana o ka iho i poe paakiki, a hoomaka iho la ma ka lewa, kŰlń ao i loko o ka wai, a ua hoopaa iho la i ko lakou ikaika, a hiki ulu. Typical a me ka hapanui loa-ikeia ka poeikohoia o ka ohana o neaa binders mea, o ka papa, lepo pipili no hoi. Ka mea i 'ae' ia ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ikaika a me ka hao ana o ka ua hāpana ua nānā 'ana e kukulu i ka haawe palena ma ke anuenue a me ka mīkini'opihia. A, pono e i kela a me keia o na Eia kekahi laʻana o ka loaa like ana o ka lepo pipili, a one a me kekahi, i kekahi ho'āʻo au o 28 lā.

Speed ana i ka lepo pipili, hoi, hiki e okoa - lohi, maʻamau a hoʻokēʻai. Like me, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka uku o ka poe paakiki, i e kekahi maʻamau lepo pipili, kiʻekiʻe-i kakahiaka nui a keu hookeai okoʻa no ka manawa.

Me lakou i mea hoike, i kēia pae hiki ke kapaia Portland lepo pipili, a nei me ke olonā i oho ka pauka me ka hōʻemi iki he omaomao iki tint i ka hiki hoike o ka mea hoʻonui, a hiki e mai o granulated slag (slag).

About hoopaakiki kōmi

ka mea e like ai o ka hoao ana (a me ka manufacturing) binders mālama 'ia i loko o kaʻaeʻana me ka lehulehu, hae. No kela a me keia o ka mea na pūʻulu papahana palena nānā 'ana i ka rula ana i ka hoʻomaka' ana a me ka hopena, helu mai ka manawa mai o hoʻohuihui me ka wai.

Kekahi lepo pipili - Aluminous - pili ana i ka poe ola,-e hoopaakiki neaa mea hoʻopaʻa. Ma nānaina o keia hoopai he lepo lā o kaʻeleʻele, oho, he omaomao iki aole hoi i eleele (ke kaumaha ma muli o ka aaioee iaoia, a me ka wahi ho eiiiiiaiou). E like me ka fineness ia mea ikiʻoi kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o Portland lepo pipili, a pono i kekahi mau mea nui ka leo o ka wai.

Hui ano o ka binders - ka poe i hiki ke hoopaakiki iho, a ma o ka lewa, a me ka koʻana koko meakino, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka non-ka ikaika pōhaku puna a me ka puna.

Bitumen a me kā lākou laulā

Like no ka loa hanohano ke aloha binders, kā lākou 'ohana ka loaʻa o keʻano o nā bitumen a me ka hohono, me ka pena HEN, maiʻeleʻele i ka pouli eleele. Traditional wahi ma i na binders i hoʻohana ', - i ka waterproofing hana. Kēia kūkuluʻia ka wai hoʻopale, kūpono, hoʻopale i ka weathering a me ka'āina laholio. Hoopalupalu a ua hoolilo i ka kinowai moku'āina o keia pae hiki e binders paio hahana maoli nō. Me ka hōʻemiʻana wela, kā lākou alo alo, piʻi pū, a hiki e loa hoʻi.

Kēia pūʻuluʻano nui oia o bitumens o maoli ka molekumu o, a ua loaa ia ma ka hoohehee maemae au ia aila. Lākou Nine Inch haku mele 'ana - o ka hui nā lātoma o ka oxygen, hydrogen, luaipele a me ka naikokene. Ma ka hana o ka aila bitumen koi (wai, paa a me ka kalaka nui-paa).

E like me ko lakou manao like ka mea, hiki e wahi ai i kekahi o ekolu pūʻulu - roofing,? Ieoaeunoai a me alanui. Mai roofing hoomakaukau impregnating haku mele 'ana roofing mea a paka i ka hailona o okoa mastics.

Hanalima bitumen paa, a elastically durum paka kiʻekiʻe-holo hoohehee maemae au ia hana me nāʻanuʻu, i a me kaʻaila maʻi hēhē ma kiʻekiʻe mahana. Pakahi aku la ia hoʻopale e hoʻa'ā i a me ke anu i manaoia palena pau oxidised. Aia nō i nā mea huihuina o bitumen me polymers i alakaʻi ai i ke degere o ka (viscosity). A ano hiʻona o nā mea a pau o ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana mau, ke kaumaha ma muli wela, a me kekahi mau kūlana hiki 'ē aʻe pinepine ae la oia. Ua Ua nānā lina waiwai o ka ohana o bituminous binders.

He aha ka mea, ua waiwai

Ke anoe hiʻohiʻona o bitumen ma lalo kiʻekiʻe wela waiū like like me ka mea pōhaku nā mea 20-30 manawa oi aku. Waiwai kā lākou mea e like ai - wai ia'ku, ia'ku i ka paʻakai, alkalis, nāʻakika a me corrosive effluents. E like me ka hana i ia i ka paakai, i ua pīpī ma luna o alanui i loko o ka hooilo hau i hehee.

Hoemiia ia'ku bitumens ke aloha nā'uheheʻe, mea kāhinu, a me nā bipi kūpaluʻia, mai ka malamalama, wela, ea oxygen, a oxidize lākou ke keʻena wahi. I ka enaena, palupalu (particles) evaporate, a me ka ili honua hoopaakiki hoi bitumen.

Nā pono o ka haʻahaʻa flammability, oa ka lako e, aole ia e pili i ka flammable. ʻaila kā iie? Ua i nā palapala i ola a me ka mea i hoʻolaha like me neia. I waena o nā waiwai, e hiki ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i thermoviscous, kiʻekiʻe'īpale, maikai wetting.

Paakiki bitumen hookupaa i ka hohonu o ke anal o ke kuikele bapetizo i loko o ia (ka mea, ua ana ia ma-haneri, o ka millimeter) me ka normalized haawe ana o kekahi manawa i loko o ka ua ana wela. Ka hoʻololi ma waena o ka puaʻa hiwa paʻa a me ka wai a me ka moku'āina ma ia e ka hāʻuleʻana, a ua nānā 'ia e ka i hoopalupaluia, wahi ma haʻahaʻa mahana. Eia hou kekahi, ka mea i wehewehe aku e ka ai-kapaia hoʻokō 'ole' wahi - keia manawa denoting i ke ana wela i a ka bitumen, ahu iho bendable mawae paha, mai hemo mai.

nā mea

He aha nā binders o ke aloha me Kinohi e kapa hiki? Carbonaceous pekami ia ho i ka h ÷ a paaʻeleʻele waiwai a me ka hookauwa ana i ka huina hoonui distillation o ka hohono impregnated roofing. Kēia mea Ua pilikia loa, a ma ka hui 'ana me ka ili hiki i'ā. E hana maikaʻi me ka mea ao lā a me ka haʻahaʻa malamalama.

Lanahu hohono o ka waiwai hookuuia me he he hopena ia o ka Coke? Iecaianoaaiiuo. He Ua loaʻa kona palapala noi i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o mastic no roofing a me alanui? Ieoaeunoai.