Furmanov Dmitriy Andreevich: Kawaihae, hana

Ke ho film kaulana ma muli o kona puke, nolaila ia i kuu i ka mea kākau o ka make 8 makahiki ma hope. He i ka inoa o ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana, a laila, hoʻokumu i kona hoomanao ana i ka likeʻole ma o Ka Honua Nei. Mai ka loihi o ka makahiki, ia mea pinepine i noho nanea a me ka hana ino kinai no keʻano o ka Party ka laina, e hana backhand i loko o ke kaua, a ma ka moʻokalaleo. Wale nō i kokoke nana eʻike'ē aʻe facets o kanaka, Fuhrman i kapaia. Dmitri A. ola ana he pōkole ke ola, okoa, mai ka hopena o na mea he nui o kona wā akaka ma ke alo o endowments a me ka like me ia i ka pono no ka mau alanui koho i loko o ka brutal au mai o Ewa, loli.

e hoomaka ana

He Ua hanau ia ma 1891 ma ka 'ohana nui ka, ma ke kauhale o Sereda Kostroma'āina a pau. Kona makua kāne i hele mai, mai Yaroslavl kauwa, akā, ua i loko o kona iho rusher. A lohe o Dmitry He 6 makahiki, ua neʻe ka ohana i Ivanovo-Voznesensk. Soon ke koa wehe i ka tavern waiwai ma o kona makua kāne - Alana Semenovich Furmanov. laila, hoʻomanaʻo aʻela Dmitry Andreyevich i puni i kona wa i hoʻolilo 'ia me kaʻona whirlpool, a hiki wale i ia i ka lua.

Ma hope o ua noho Dmitry kūlanakauhale kula i ka 1903 o kona makua kāne, hoouna aku la ia ia i ka oihana kula, a ma 1909-1912ʻo ia i noho ai i loko o Kineshma, kahi āna i aʻo ma ke kula. Mai ke kakahiaka wā'ōpiopio ka mea, i ka maʻa, malia paha, ua lilo i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka mea kākau moʻolelo Fuhrman i kapaia. Dmitri A. ola mālama i ka piha diary, kahi āna i kākau i ka hana o ka heluhelu, mai na kanaka ia halawai. A laila, e wae āhua, mai ka mea i paʻiʻia a me ka mahalo i hoolea ma ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni no ka waiwai o ka palapala, a me ka mōʻaukala mea.

Ka mua ho okolohua

Ka nupepa "Ivanovo kuina" i loko o ka makahiki 1912, ua he poem hoʻolaʻa i ke kumu o ka moʻokalaleo Kineshma kula. Ka mea, ua ka mua ka paʻi, a i kakauinoa ma lalo o ka "Furmanov." Dmitry Andreyevich no kona ola kakau iho la oia i ka puu o ka poetry, o ka oi aku i loko o kona wa opiopio, akā, i i manaʻo ia ia iho i ka haku mele.

I nā mea i hanaʻia mai Furmanova makemake e komo i loko o ka palapala, ai ka hana. Keia makemake, alakai aku la ia e hoololiia i ke kānāwai'āuna kumu o Moscow State University, kahi āna i heluʻia ma ka makahiki 1912 ma ka History a me Philology. I ka hoouka kaua ana o ka First World War i ka hanana i i kekahi mea o nā haumāna haʻawina. Helu kuhi puke koa Kawaihae Furmanov. Dmitry Andreyevich kākau inoa hae i loko o ka haukapila huakaʻi, a ma ka 1915 loaʻaʻo ia i ke alo.

pili aupuni pakiko-paa

Patriotic romanticism Furmanova, e like na mea he nui, ma hope o kona hoʻomaopopo i ka manaʻo a me ka ano o ke kaua, oia ke alanui e kuhi hewa. Ua Ua akaka ai i loko o ka diary, ua piha o ka hōʻike 'ana ma konaʻaoʻao Furmanova poetry mea. Dmitry Andreyevich overwhelmsʻano looming Ua Hopu i loko o ke aupuni o ka hopena.

Ma hope o demobilization, loaa ia ia iho i loko o Ivanovo-Voznesensk, kahi, e like me ma ka aina, e ala ana hoʻokahuli aupuni ke kai. I ka, ma Pepeluali 1917, ka mea e pūlumi ana aku i ka autocracy mua Furmanov aicieeaao o ka pono, e koho ma waena o keʻano o ka pili aupuni paialewa.

Way e Bolshevism

Mua, loaa ia ia iho i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ka Socialist-Revolutionaries, a laila, lilo ka hoʻokuhikuhi o ka pae maximalists. He mea hoomaopopoia e hiki ke kūkulu i ka honua hou wale nō ma ka loa drastic loli 'i ae i ka hoʻohana' ana o coercive ana e ku ei ka poe hoopili aku ia i ke kahiko ala o ke ola. I ka Ia manawa komo i loko o Furmanov maʻamau hana o ka 'Aha o ka hana i' lunakanawai.

Ke apotheosis o ka loa hoʻokahuli aupuni manao no ka mea, o ka muli o ke kulanakauhale hoʻolālā o anarchists, kona alakaʻi lilo Furmanov. e hoʻomau Dmitry Andreyevich, kona Kawaihae me ka Bolshevik Party, hope hoʻoholo ma hope o ka hui a me ka laulima o Mikhail Frunze e e pili, hoopuehuiaʻi i kona hope anarchist illusions.

I ka 1919, ua hoounaia mai ia me ka poe Frunze i ka mua, i kahi i hoonohoia oia i Komisina o ka 25th Māhele.

Chapaev

Ka wā kākau i kona loa kaulana hana - "Chapaev", kākau i loko o 1923, oia hoʻohana i kona diaries, i ka mea i ole ana i ka manawa āna i hoolilo ia ma Chapayev Māhele. Ka puke Ua loa okoa mai ka mea kaulana Auana pana ma luna o nā manaʻo, akä, o ia i ka makahiki 1934. I ka hoʻohuiʻia o ka hoʻohalahala realism o ka moʻolelo a me ka pilialoha generalizations hookomo me ka akamai kupaianaha no kekahi keiki kākau moʻolelo, hoomaikai aku la i ka heluhelu, a me nā luna nui o ka moʻokalaleo. Gorky i kākau ai i loko o ka palapala, e Furmanov originality o ka mea kākau i ka manao a me ka paulele i loko o kona wā e ola.

Koa Furmanova hoʻopaʻi, hoolei aku la ia i mau fronts o ke kaua kūloko. Ka Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo Ma o kona - novels a me nā moʻolelo ia me nuiʻike manaʻo o Soviet moʻokalaleo 20s. Puke "kipi" (1925) ua hoʻolaʻa i ka suppression o ka kulak kipi i loko o aneea oneiaey, ka puke "Red Team" (1921) wehewehe i nā hanana muliwai Pilisetia i loko o ka hope o ke keʻokeʻo poʻe hao wale i loko o ka Kuban.

Komikina make

Ma hope o ke kaua, no ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ua hana i loko o ka palapala, a me ka pilina hana. Kona papa hana,ʻo ia manaʻo i ke kaua no ka hou ideology o Soviet moʻokalaleo, nae ka mea e launa mai i hoʻohalahala noʻonoʻo loi no opportunistic sprains mai RAPP - kākau moʻolelo 'ē aʻe, expresses loa hema-'ēheu manao.

He ua ho'āʻo nei e huli hou Halaman i loko o nā hana i mea ole e pili ana i nā hanana o ke Kanawai Kaua. Kona wahi-kaua hana - (essay) "Seashores" moʻo (1925), hoolaa ai i ka hele a hiki i ka aoao hema o Rusia, ka Haole palena, a ma Crimea. He Ua mahalo mahalo e Gorky. Furmanov hana ikaika journalism, kakau iho la ka palapala, ai critiques.

Ma ka 'aoʻao o ka diary o ka hoʻonui ukana ana ia ia e hele i ka hana, e kākau hou hāʻina o nā haʻawina. Akā,ʻo kona mau manao waiho Kekūhaupiʻo i kakahiaka nui absurd make. Ua kapaʻia ke kumu o kona make ana i ka meningitis, ka nui puʻu, i aku la ia i ole e lohe.

He nui hahau memo, iʻikeʻia i loko o ke kupulau o 1926 nā nūpepa: March 15, ma hope o ka pōkole akā, nui maʻi i ua kaua kipi ma hope o ka complications o ka maʻi palū, Dmitriy Andreevich Furmanov make ma Moscow. Articles mea iʻikeʻia ma hope o kēia lono, ua piha o ka oiaio mihi e pili ana i ke kakahiaka nui ka make ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. He aha ka mea e hoʻokele i ka hana, e haawi manaolana no ka muli o hou puke i kiʻekiʻe maoli e like ai.