He aha ka ka Chernyakhov moʻomeheu? Culture Chernyakhov: kumu a me ka hōʻikeʻano

Chernyakhov Culture - kekahi o ka mea nui loa hulikoehana manawa i loko o ka kakahiaka mōʻaukala o ka Slavs. Ua i kokoke i ou wahi lihi iki o ka lewa ma luna o ka mokuna o ke kālā no Ukraine, Romania, Moldova a me Rusia. Geographically aiaʻano nui i loko o ka hehi a me ka ululaau, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - i loko o ka hehi cii.

General ano

I ka like o kēia moʻomeheu mea o ka nui no o ka naauao o ka moʻolelo, Slav ethnogenesis. Ka pili manawa anaʻeleu Polenekia keʻano o ka hanaʻana, kanaka i hui i kekahi i kekahi, i kekahi manawa, loa paʻakikī e kuhikuhi i ka kela lāhui eiiiiiaiou ma ulu. Aka hoi, ka hapanui poe akamai i 'aelike ma ka mea ana i ke kahua o ka Slavs kahiko i wahi ma ka'ō'ō ihe me ka resettlement o kaʻohana'ē aʻe i loko o ka wahi mua ua mākaukau. I ka 'epekema ka i lanakila i ka manao i ka mea, o ka hope neʻeʻana, i loko o 1-3 kenekulia BC. e ka. hoʻoneʻe i ka mau o ka Roma'āina, Hawaii Black Sea Coast, ua moekolohe i kekahi kūlana kūikawā. Ma keia manawa, aia no he ho okumu ana o kekahi mau hana 'ike loea Slavic type, e like me, no kekahi laʻana, Przeworsk, Kiev, a me na mea e ae. He nui nā kānakaʻepekema manaʻo i i anao? Aou na Slavs i waena o antskogoʻohana, e like me ka ua, ua hoike ma kahiko kumu. Ia mea i loko o kēia pōʻaiapili a me ka pono e noonoo Chernyakhovsky manawa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Slavic noho.

like

Kēia moʻomeheu i kona inoa, mai ka Chernyakhiv kauhale (Kiev māhele), a i? Anoee ma ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia, nä känaka 'epekema Korotynskyy. Ka hapanui o ia mau loea, i kaʻauiʻana o manaoio ia ia mea i loko o kona lāhui haku mele 'ana ua multiethnic. Ua ua no hoi i manaoio i Zarubintsy a me Chernyakhov moʻomeheu i pili loa aku, no ka mea, i ka la mahope i auou caiaiai ia e ka mea mua kekahi, a ua noʻonoʻo i ka Slavic (eia nae haole historiography mea he wahi o Hawaii i ia mea i loko o kona lāhui haku mele 'ana ua Kelemānia). Loli o kona moʻomeheu? Anoee e na koʻikoʻi kānakaʻepekema i ka lawaiʻa a me Sedov.

me Kinohi

Chernyakhov Culture o ka hopena o ka poʻe Polenekia keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a i wahi ma ka mokuna o ka Europa, aina Hawaiian. Ua nui moʻolelo ua wahi kona kumu a hiki i ka relocation o ka Goths, ka mea, e lawe ana i ka Ukrainian ?? eoi? Ee, i kāwili pūʻia me ka kūloko heluna. I keia manawa ma laila i waho i ka moku'āina oium. Kona palena coincide me iaʻahahui kālai'āina. No ka mea, eiiieaena Polenekia kahe Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu ua nunui-lāhui, ka mea, oia no Slavic Antes, kēia kanaka Kelemānia, Scythians Sarmats. Lawaia kākau moʻolelo, manaoio aku la ia i ka mea, ua i ke kahiko Slavic, akā, ua hoopaapaa aku keia manao ma ka 'epekema.

hoʻokele waiwai

Culture Chernyakhovskaya uhi i ka wā mai IV i II ma. n. e ka. Ua ua ma luna o ka waiwai 'ilikai mea he holomua. Ke kumu o ka hoʻokele waiwai koi oo palau mahiai. Archaeologists Ua loaʻa ka i koe iho o kona mahi ai, hao kōkua, Hacks, i i hoʻohana i ka mahiai. Kīwala'ō ma lalo holoholona? Aneii, oiai e noho ana, ua hoala hou puaa a me ka lio. Hoʻohana 'ia no ka pūnaewele lua, i i loaʻa i loko o ka helu o ka Luna Hooponopono. Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu ua wehewehe aku ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka craftsmanship. Heluna skillfully lawelawe metala, iwi a me ka wahie. Malamaia mea hoʻonani o ka ole-ferrous metala, koena o na mea paahana i mai holoholona iwi.

Ma kekahi kahua o metallurgical umu loaʻa. Kupa apparently ua kama'āina me kekahi mau ano o ka aaioee hao (hoopio ai hoi i) a me ka kila? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Eia naʻe, he hiʻona o na mea he nui i ka malamaia bronzes. Aia ka he manao i kekahi aaioee i kūpono i ua aie mai o ka Roma'āina, e like me ka Central Europa māhele 'āina.

e noho ai

Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu hoholaʻano nui ma ka ulu lāʻau mau mea, no laila kona hale, he nui ma ka nui a me ka mea nui i loko o huinahń shape. Paʻa i noho mea liʻiliʻi, akā, no kekahi o ia mea i ka malamaia ma ka hema kaianoho koholā (kulanakauhale, Aleksandrovka). Kā lākou mau pā hiki umikumamalua mika ma ka kiʻekiʻe, ma laila nō ramparts a me ka pakaua. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'i kiekie ae elevations, oiai ano o nā hale - ma ka hoʻokupu o liʻiliʻi muliwai.

E noho ai i maheleia i mau māhele: noho a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. oaio? ua aia i loko o ka waena. Ma kekahi mau wahi i noho ai, o ka pa i "maloo", oa, E. me ka kūikawā mea hoʻopaʻa pāʻoihana. Mau hale a mau ano laulā, Stolbovo hiki ia ia i ka wattle, a kapa komo iā ia me ka lepo. E noho ai ke aupuni ' "lewa" o floodplains. Loko ka mea, ua hoʻokahi paha mau Panel.

kia hoʻomanaʻo i

Chernyakhov hulikoehana moʻomeheu i hoopaa mai i ka helu o ka hoihoi 'kia hoʻomanaʻo i. Mua o nā mea a pau a mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kaulana nahesa (Troyan) mau pua, a i aia a hiki i ka aoao hema o Kiev ma luna o nā kapa o ke Dnieper. Kēia colossal 'ole ua kūlana pale ma ka hana. He He kaula honua embankments a me ka auwai, kona ma luna o ka lōʻihi kaawale (mau hale i ka lōʻihi mai kekahi i kekahi haneri me kanalima mau kilomika).

Of mau panee mea no hoi he mea hoʻomanaʻo no ka Chernyakhov moʻomeheu Vinnitsa māhele 'āina. Eia, ka mea kū hoʻokahi pohaku pena, i ka manaʻo o ka i mea nōʻepekema hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ike. Ua hōʻike i ka leafless laau, ma kekahi o na lala o ka a ka moa e noho ana ma ke alo o ia - i ke kanaka ma ke kua a ma laila mea he dia. Eia kekahi, o ka haku mele 'ana i ke kapiliia i loko o ka makahiki ma waena o nā pepeiao. Kekahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka ia wahi - Ilinetsky quarry o ka lua pele Mono no ka hana ana i kaʻa palaoa. Ua paipai He kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o? Acaeoey o metallurgy i loko o ka māhele 'āina.

hoolewa ana

Duffel eiiieaena Chernyakhov moʻomeheu hiki ke Hahai I ole wale ma ka home akā, i loko o ka halekupapau. Eia naʻe, e like me ka rula, i loko o ko lākou mau lua he uuku, akā nō ae kekahi artifacts e recreate i ka nana ana o ka wā. Ka hoolewa ana o na lua i kekahi manawa unearth maʻamau o nä mea a me ko ka hale ona mau. I kekahi manawa, he mau moku a me na hapa no ka hale hana, e like me manamana. E huli a me nā mea hoʻonani. Iwaena o lakou, no ka mea hoike, i ka fibula.

Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu ua wehewehe aku ma nāʻaoʻao o ke kanu: kanu ana hoi, a me cremations. Ma ka mea mua hihia hoʻohanaʻike mau huinahń lua, ka lua iho waiho i loko o na moku huewai, ipu, a me he bola. Ua loaʻa nā lua kupapaʻu, a me ka i koe iho o na mea kaua, no ka laʻana, arrowheads, ihe, kūlou pahikaua noʻano hana. Aia nō nā hookahi, a aeaie kanu ana.

Houseware

Hooponopono o ka Chernyakhov moʻomeheu, e like me ka rula, he waiwai i loko o kona manao a me ka hana. No laila, nui pinepine loaʻa nā 'ikamu pono no ka mahiai a me ka hana mau. Kupa ike i ka potera ka huila, ka mea i hana i nā ipu o kekahi mau kinona. Ua Ua pū kaena ulu ulana, archaeologists kēlā wā i kēia wā loaʻa ko läkou 'o kekahi mau fabrics ma luna o ka hale' ikamu a me ka hale ola.

crockery

E olelo e pili ana i na ipu lepo, e like me ka mea i ma luna o ke duffel luna ', archaeologists pinepine hoomaopopo moʻomeheu. Heluna nānā 'aelike manufacturing i keʻano o ka maʻamau o mea, akā, oi loa aku hoi i ike ia mea, ua ulu moku, hoʻonaniʻia a papamoe laina, a me nā palapala a me ka uuku ke ola Groove. I waena o nā haʻina i mea kupaianaha Black Sea amphora a me ka krasnoglinyanoy a me ka krasnolakovoy mau kīʻaha hana a ua laweia mai, mai na nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao o ka Roma'āina. Products i ka hoʻonaninani lepo e loaʻa ana i loko o outbuildings.

nā artifacts

Metal Chernyakhov moʻomeheu - o ka hapanui hao. Ka heluna kanaka, ua hiki ke kō i ka mea e hoohehee ai,ʻae nō hoʻi,ʻaʻole me ka ole o ka 'ike loea hou Roma. Naʻe, i loaʻaa o armaments mea,ʻaʻole no ka nui loa: ia meaʻano nui arrowheads, ihe, pahikaua kauwahi.

Kaawale, ka mea e olelo ana no ka waihona waiwai. Ma ka mokuna o ka moʻomeheu i loko o ka helu nui o nā malihini o ka Roma coinage a hiki i ke komohana o ka Dniester - keleawe, a hiki i ka hikina - kālā. A me ka hope au loaʻa ka hailonaʻana i loko o hoards, akā, ua kaheaia ka poe akamai i ka ike i ke kālā ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka lahui kalepa, oiai no ka i nā pono i hoʻohana'auwaʻa. Emi, he pono ole, he mau malihini o Bosporan coinage.

duffel eiiieaena

Mawaena o na artifacts loaʻa he nui ka nui o ka Jewelry, no kekahi laʻana, e huai ae i ka nui helu o brooches, lei, buckles, waihona meli. O nā mea o ka maʻamau i nā pahi, lipi, kui. I kekahi manawa, huli koa 'ikamu, akā, ka mea, uaʻuʻuku lākou. Of mau panee na pahikaua, pāhoa, ihe. Kaawale, ka mea e olelo mai nei e pili ana i ka palapala haʻina - he mau lā 'alemanaka kiʻi ma luna o ka moku. Ua loaʻa he poepoe kinona, a ma lalo o kēlā me kēia mahina - ka AYEIE huahelu.

na moku

Pela, ke Chernyakhov moʻomeheu, Hawaii photo o kia hoʻomanaʻo i i i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kēia 'atikala, ka oko ao i lawa ke kiekie kiʻekiʻe o? Acaeoey i loko o ka waiwai a me ka pāʻoihana spheres. Kaawale, ka mea e olelo ana e pili ana i ka manao o na mokuʻano hana: kekahi o kēia mau calendars kiʻi i loaʻa. Eia kekahi, he mau mea, ua ulu o ka mea aniani. Lako a pan no ka manufacturing i E ke Kumu e ka Roma, i loko o ka mua kenekulia AD, a hele aku la ia e noonoo i ka moʻomeheu i ka lehulehu. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, na moku i hua manu-hoʻokino yellowish paha he omaomao iki waihoʻoluʻu.

ethnography

Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu, e like me ka olelo maluna, ua he multinational i loko o kona lāhui haku mele 'ana. Kēia mea ma muli o ka poʻe Polenekia lua i pele i i hanaia ma ka Europa'āinapuniʻole i ka pili manawa. No laila, ua hōʻike 'moʻolelo i ka helu o ka yoiia? Ke keʻena i loko o kona haku mele' ana: Germanic, Sarmatian-Scythian, Slavic. Ka mua ua poe e aeaie mau lua kupapaʻu, nui nā hale a me nā hale, e like me kūikawā pālolo velbarskogo type. Mau symptoms i typical no ka aneane a pau wahi o ka hāʻawi 'ana o kēia moʻomeheu.

Ka lua oʻano ua poe yoiia? Nui pohaku hale, nunui-keʻena hale he kūikawā ilinaʻano hana, ka wā i loko o ka lua kupapaʻuʻai me ka pahi apo la i loko o laila, na apana o ka chalk a HW. Holo nōhie hoolewa lawe mai i loko o podboynyh lua a me catacombs. Hoi kekahi poe kanaka no keia wahi ua wehewehe aku ma kekahi kūikawā ano o ka cookware - ipu me ka hoʻonui'ā'ī keu. Kēia pūʻulu loaa ka hapanui i kia ma ka akau o ka Black Sea, i noho ma kēia mau lāhui kanaka.

Eia hoi, i ka Slavic pae o artifacts poe ma ka mea uuku huinahalike pupupu me ka puu o ka hale lua. Keia wahi ua wehewehe aku ma ka wa e kaawale aku o ka nui puu, e like me ke alo o ka hapanui stucco ipu. Main wahi o ka haawi aku - Dniester, a i loli Hawaiʻi'ē aʻe Slavic moʻomeheu Kiev, Przeworsk. Kaawale Penkovsky a Slavic moʻomeheu i anao? Aou Om Prihodnyuk. Chernyakhovskaya moʻomeheu kokoke ia ia pili ana, eia nae kńnaka i ua kūkākūkāʻia i i ole i kekahi kuleana ole ma o ka ulu ana o ka Slavic hehee ai, no ka mea, uaʻoi aku multiethnic.

pilikia o ka chronology

I e pili ana me ka luna hiʻona o ka 'epekema, he mau pilikia o ka launa pū, a chronology o kēia moʻomeheu. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka mea, ua ulu mai i mau ae i ka lawa pono nā kona artifacts i ka kekahi kenekulia. Eia hou, ma ka hāʻawi wahi mea he wahi lihi iki o ka laweia mai ka waiwai,ʻano nui o Roman ka molekumu o, ma lalo o kona ole ia? Ac?. No laila, i ka mea kūpono o ke ano o ka launa pū e kanu ana hoi,.

ano hiʻona

No laila, i kēia moʻomeheu ua wehewehe aku ma ke 'ano o nā haʻina, e hai mai ana i loko o kona ho okumu i hele ma ka helu ana o kekahi mau oihana mua. O ka pau nui o ka mea i ka mea i loko o ka wahi o ka aoao o ka Roma. Kona provincialism, oiaio ka pilina i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka moʻomeheu a me ka, ma ka huli, hauma¯na ka muli o ka nui holomua loea i loko o ka māhele 'āina. Kekahi poe akamai i kuhikuhi mai Dacian ole i loko o kēia wahi.

Pili i nā 'ike loea

Chernyakhovsky manawa ua nui he kahua i loko o ka ulu ana o na Slavs kahiko. Naʻe, i keia manawa ka mea, e noho ana i loko o loa kaua'ō'ō ihe a me nā lāhui nā pūʻulu, no laila, i kēia moʻomeheu e leie wale hapa 'ia'? Aeiino? Slavic kahiko. Akā, ka mea, ua ma lalo o ke keiki, a me ka huli, oia ua i ka hopena ma luna o nā hana 'ike loea ma i ka Slavic hehee ai ua oi haʻi: Przeworsk, kolochinskoy, Kiev.

paa

Pili I Ka decadence ua ukuia i kekahi poʻe Polenekia nalu i lulu aku i ka Europa'āinapuniʻole. Kēia manawa, ua Polenekia o kaua nomadic Huns. Ua alakai aku ai i ka outflow o kekahi hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka i ke komohana, e like me ka mea i kākau moʻolelo. Naʻe, i loko o ka nahele-hehi, a hehi cii ua kekahi pūʻulu i ka poe malalo i ka Huns. Akā, ma ka akau-hikina i loko o ka wā mua o ka Chernyakhov moʻomeheu, a laila, coincided me ia i ka manawa, hoomau iho la oia i ka noho 'ē aʻe Slavic moʻomeheu - Kiev. Kona ko läkou 'i pono i ka malamaia. Archaeologists loaʻa cemeteries, wahi i noho ai, ka hale 'ikamu a me ka hiki waihona waiwai.

waiwai

Chernyakhovsky au o ka? Acaeoey mea nui, no ka mea, o kekahi o na kuʻina mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kakahiaka nui Slavs. Ua uhi nō he nui ia kenekoa pokole, me ka helu o nā māhele'āina o ko mākou'āina: Belgorod a me Kursk. Eia naʻe, ua komo i ka mōʻaukala o nā lāhui kanaka noʻonoʻo i ka manawa: na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, Celts, Scythians a me na mea e ae. Eia hou, i kēia wā i maopopo na hoailona o ka hopena o Roman, Black Sea ololi e leie aku oe, e makaikai i na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ma hope o ka hooulu ana mai o kēia mau wahi. No laila, i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka pauku Culture' Imi? Anoee mua o ka HoʻokahuliʻOiʻenehana, ma Soviet manawa, kona Ikepili mau a hiki i kēia lā. Chernyakhovsky ka hale o ka moʻomeheu, no kekahi laʻana, ma ke kamepiula hāpai mai hana no ka mālama 'ana i nā loina kanaka moʻomeheu kuʻuna, a e kākoʻo i ka hoihoi i loko o kahiko.