He aha ka puluniu? Ano a me kêia kanaka

Ka mua manaʻo o ka mea i ka puluniu, ua komo hou i loko o ke kula kālaimeaola haʻawina. Ma ka palahalaha pono, hōʻike oi mau ano me ka pili ana i ka kekahi, i kēia manaʻo o ua papa o ka mea oia hoi o filaments paha keena.

Muscle puluniu - mea he mall pa alima o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa, i mea he nunui-kāna mau 'ōlelo aeea, a he o ka helu nui o nā aeee i i e ka mea kanu, holoholona, mea pōhaku a kemikala kumu.

Mua mai o ka Old Slavonic

Ke kumu o ka hua'ōlelo "puluniu" hoʻohui me Old Slavonic "vlakno". Kēia hua'ōlelo i koe ma ke kālā no Bulgarian, Czech, Slovak, Serbian. Me ka hōʻemi iki phonetic oko ao ua loaʻa i loko o ka Polish - wlOkno. Aia He He nā manaʻo i loko o ka kahiko Indian: valkas, a 'o ia hoʻi "wauke".

Olo-LA: Ma ka Lūkini 'ōlelo' ana ma ka lexical mokuna i like me ka hopena o ka vowel hoʻololi. Mai ka "puluniu" - he puke wehewehe'ōlelo hua'ōlelo, kona pela e hoomanao.

E kiʻi i ka manaʻo o ka mea i ka puluniu like me ka mea Mea Maluna, he kokoke nana i ko lakou mau manao.

Pulupulu a me ka bast

Olona, o ka'ōpū i ka molekumu o nā pulupulu a me ka bast. Lahilahi pulupulu ka pae kapa komo iā ia me ka pulupulu na anoano. Ka mea, ilokoʻano nui (94%) o kelulose, i ke koena i ka wai, pectin, momoma, waxy, lehu waiwai (mea pōhaku ai hehee wale ia, mai ka'āina ma ke kanu).

E maopopo i ka ke kumu o ka pulupulu puluniu, he mea hiki, e noonoo pono ia ma lalo o ka microscope. E ike mākou i kekahi i lalo a wili lipine me tubules piha me ka lewa.

Mau nā huakaʻi i hygroscopic, wela hoʻopale, i kiʻekiʻe mea paʻa a me ka mahalo i ka alkalis. Inā ka pulupulu, e kuni i ka mea, e honi no mōhai pepa.

A hiki i ka hopena maikaʻi ano nā haahaa elasticity a me ka instability i nāʻakika.

Bast olona, i loaa mai ke olona i anei. Ka mea, i elongated ma ka lōʻihi keena me ia e kuhikuhi welau. Ma keʻa-pauku i ke kinona o ka pentagon. A nui pakeneka haku mele 'ana - kelulose (80%) a me ka pakeneka o ka i koe, e haule iho i ka momona,' ia nā pōpō, waxy mea pōhaku impurities a me lignin. Ke alo aku o ka haawi ana i lignin mahuahua ikaika. Ke kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity hana i ka lole olona mea mau me ia ka hoʻopā.

Olona, o ka holoholona me Kinohi

Kao, ka hipa, i ke kāmelo, a me nā lauoho, a ma kona ano maoli silika olona, i na holoholona, iloko olaila o ekolu mau papa: ka mea mawaho flake, iniiaiie cortical, ahu iho, a me ka Kora naʻEsau, i ua aia ma ka waena konu o ka filament.

Aia nō 4 ke ano o ka hulu hipa olona,:

• crimped lahilahi - fluff;
• waena lauoho - he keʻa ma waena o ka spine a me ka ia;
• ino a me ka wahi crimped - spine;
• pōkole-brittle puluniu - make lauoho.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o nāʻano a me ka ano o ka paeʻike hulu mai lahilahi, a ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hanaʻana kbps ka hulu hipa huahana, e lohi loa, hoʻohana' ia no ka hana ana i ka lole, a ikeia. Hulu hipa mea hiki ke hoopaa i ka wela a me ka mea hygroscopic. I ka wa eia kahi mea akaka e aa ana ka hohono o ka mōhai hulu.

Ke easiest maoli olona, - silika. E kiʻi mea, mai ka cocoon o silkworm enuhe.

Mau nā polokina - fibroin a me ka sericin - i kekahi hapa o ka cocoon pae. Natural silika hoʻomaopop 'ana i palupalu, smoothness, kiʻekiʻe hygroscopicity, haahaa creasing. Keakea i kiʻekiʻe he olonā i nā huakaʻi shrinkage a me ka haahaa wela e kū'ē'ē mai. Silika mea he waiwai maka mea no ka hana o ka malamalama kau kapa.

kemikala kālepa ma

He aha ka puluniu kemikala ka molekumu o, hiki ke maopopo ma ka nana i ko lakou ano. Ka mea, i hua mai ma ka Nine Inch hoʻololi kemikala mai monomers, a laila haʻahaʻa hakakino kaumaha waiwai. Kēia produces kemikala polymers. Ka maka mea no ka nylon, Dacron, acrylic, crimplene, silika'ākeka nā huahana mai ka aaioee o ka lanahu, kaʻaila a me ke kinoea. Mau puluniu nā huakaʻi noho kiʻekiʻe ikaika, haahaa shrinkage a me ka wrinkling, naʻe, i ole hygroscopic.

Aʻano o ka pīlali ka waiwai, i ka manawa kūpono e oko a ia lakou, e like me ka pono i loaʻa nui o ka maka mea i nā makana no ka hooulu ana i kemikala olona,? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Nine Inch olona,

Ka mea i loaa ma ka aaioee ia kemikala 'ona e like me polyamides, polyesters a me maoli mea: kelulose, nā polokina, casein, a me na mea e ae. Ka maka mea no kēia mau olona, i pulupulu neoneo, na mea hiki ke hooheheeia, aniani, aila huahana, lanahu.

Rayon o kekahi o na olona, mua o Nine Inch ka molekumu o, maliuʻia me ka unahiʻole hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ua Ua loaa ma ka hana maikaʻi laauʻiʻo pepa me Nine Inch.

Kekahi o na kumu keakea o ka viscose puluniu mea he kiʻekiʻe creasing. I ka ho'ēmi i keia mea e like ai ka mea, ua hoolilo i ka Nine Inch nā loli. I ka hopena o ka polynosic puluniu, ua like no me lōʻihi staple pulupulu.