He aha lawelawe Stalin uku? Stalin uku e uwa

Soviet kanaka, ka mea i loaʻa poʻokela pomaikai nui i loko o kekahi kahua o ka haʻawina, hoʻoikaika ma ka aina o ka papa uku. Stalin makana hilinaʻi ka poe i radically hou? Iecaianoaaiiuo ki ina hana like, e like me na kanaka haku o? Iie theories, loea, poʻokela examples o oe (moʻokalaleo, keaka, hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pena, kiʻi kaula, kuhikuhipuʻuone).

Iosif Stalin

Aia i kekahi makana i kapaia ma hope o ke alakaʻi no ka umikumamakolu makahiki - mai ka 1940 a hiki i 1953, a ua hoʻokumuʻia he uuku mamua - i loko o December 1939. i ole i Stalin uku i kekahi dala moku'āina, laureates subsidized e I. V. Stalina, mai kona kino uku, a i e like me ke kūlana nunui - kona mau kulana uku he umi tausani rubles no mahina.

Foundation makana, a he uku no ka puke o ka buke o ke alakaʻi i loko o ka USSR, a ma kahi e, a hoi i ka hailona ana a me ka uku i ia manawa, he oiaio, ua nui (Alexey Tolstoy i lilo i ka mua Soviet millionaire). Stalin makana i aku i ka puu o ke kala, kokoke e pau. Ia mea ke kumu ma hope o ka make ana o ka alihi kaua o kona makauliʻi puke koe paltry huina - eiwa haneri rubles, oiai ka awelika uku o ka poe hana pinepine mamua o ehiku haneri.

moʻolelo

I ka 1939, ma December, ka mea i kauoha aku kaulana i ke kanaono lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka alihi kaua, a me ka hanohano o keia hanana ka mea, ua i ka makana ma kona inoa. Ma Pepeluali 1940, ua CPC hoʻoholo, e hookupaa ai ia i hoʻokahi haneri tausani rubles makana (1st degere), he kanalima tausani (2nd degere), a me ka iwakalua-kumamalima tausani rubles (Grade 3) no ka mea e pono ai ka palapala, ai hana (Ana Aina, poetry, hana keaka, ka palapala, ai noʻonoʻo loi) like loa me e hana 'ia i loko o nā wahi o ke akamai. Eia hou, he makahiki makana kaha na kii i ua i ka hana na makana i ka 'epekema, moʻomeheu,' ike loea a me ka hui ana o? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

I ka 1941 Stalin makana i haawiia i na Winners o ka loa mua. Record no ka mea helu i hookoia ka Stalin uku lilo i SV Ilyushin, ka mokulele kaulana, ehiku ka pipi ana ia ma ka nānā 'ana i ka alihi kaua. Eono manawa loaa ka ia nā kumu kāki filmmakers Yu. A. Rayzman a me I. A. Pyrev mea kākau K. Simonov, mokulele akamai A. S. Yakovlev, ka haku mele S. S. Prokofev a me na mea e ae. Mea hana keaka Marina Ladynina a me Alla Tarasova lilo elima-manawa e uwa o ka Stalin uku.

kula

Ua hoʻokumuʻia nā rula Stalin lua o ka USSR (kope kapaʻia ka Stalin uku). Iwakalua December 1939 People ka Commissars kānāwai: umikumamaono makahiki hoʻolilo 'ia' ana o ka Stalin (100 tausani) ia nā kumu kāki no Science a me Art no poʻokela hana i loko o ka wahi o ka: oaoieei-, physical a me ka makemakika, liluwelo, Nine Inch, 'inikua, mahiʻai, waiwai, philosophical, loio, a mōʻaukala a me ka philological Sciences, pena, mele, kiʻi kaula, keaka, oe, kuhikuhipuʻuone, hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Iho o ka hoonohoia'na like umi waiwai pio: o ke degere mua, he iwakalua - lua a me ke kanakolu - kolu o ka degere no ka mea maikaʻi hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, hoʻohui ekolu o ka mua iho ia nā kumu kāki,ʻelima - a he umi lua - kolu o ka papahelu no poʻokela e piʻi like i loko o ka mahinaʻai o koa ike. A rula ana kaawale ma luna kākau moʻolelo, a ua hookoia makahiki ma ka Stalin uku, Ua i loko o Pepeluali 1940, a me ka mea i kuhikuhi mai i ka eha mua makana Winners o reliance i loko o kela ano keia ano o ka palapala, ai 'hana: Ana Aina, poetry, ka palapala, ai noʻonoʻo loi, hana keaka.

loli

I ka nui o ka Stalin lua ma rubles a me ka helu o nā laureates Ua hoʻololi na manawa he nui, a aole e emi, ma ka kekahi lima - kahi o kekahi e uwa o ke degere mua, no ka laʻana, i ka 1940, ua lilo i ekolu i loko o kēlā me kēia waeʻano. I ka 1942 makana (mua degere) mahuahua i elua haneri tausani rubles. Eia hou, he hou i ka 1949 - International "No ka hooikaika ana i ka maluhia mawaena o kanaka". Hāʻawi i ka uku nui loa 'ana CPC, ma a ka a hoc Komite mau i hana: kekahi hana no ka ia nā kumu kāki waiwai pio: ma ka' epekema, koa ike a me ka hana, a me ka lua o ka hana ma ka moʻokalaleo a me ke akamai.

Mua wale na hana hou i ua ua pau i ka haawiia mai makahiki i ka malamaia. Nā kānaka noi manawaleʻa e finalize kā lākou hana i loko o ka manawa ma hope o ka waena o Okatoba, haule iho ma ke kahua kaua o ka hope o ka makahiki. A laila, i nā hua'ōlelo i ua hooponopono hou, a me na Winners hiki e na kanaka ka poe i hoʻolimalima i ka ia nā kumu kāki no ka hana i loko o ka hope eono a ehiku makahiki. Penei, o ka makana i hookoia Stalin ia lakou iho i loko o 'ano kūpono. Na mea hoike he hōʻike i Stalin hoʻokani i ka pololei kūlana ma ka puunaue ana i waiwai pio: ma kona inoa iho (a me kā lākou mau ke kālā no), i kekahi manawa i ka hoʻoholo 'ia i aneane hookahi-handedly.

hoʻopau

Stalin ka make ma hope, i ka makemake ua i loaʻa, no laila, i ka lehulehu ākea uku hiki ole e hoʻohana 'ia ka paipai i ka Winners. Ma hope o 1954 Stalin makana oki i nei. A laila hele mai ka mea inoa haumia kai eʻe, e puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i ka cult o ka alihi kaua.

I ka makahiki 1956, ua hoʻokumuʻia ka Lenin uku, i auou caiaiai ma luna o Stalin. Stalin makana uwa maila ma hope o 1966 hoʻololi i nā diplomas a me honorary pihi. A hiki ma methodically, encyclopedias a me ka olua mau buke Stalin i kapa e like me ka USSR State lua i loli ai ka inoa. Information e pili ana i na Winners Ua kani nākolokolo a dosed.

kaawale ana o ka mana

Aia i kekahi kūikawā olelo hooholo o ka CPC ma ke kaulike o ka makana o ka makana ma waena o kekahi mau i komo i loko o ka hana no i ka mea i kumu kāki. Inā i hookoia he makana elua kanaka (ke kākoʻo '-kākau), i maheleia like ka huina. Ma ekolu haawi aku ua okoa: ka poo i noho hapalua a me nā hula - ma luna o ka hapaha o ka huina. Inā ua nui loa na kanaka, i ka manakia hookipa mai i ke kolu, a me ka poe i koe mahele like ia i loko o ke kime.

Ka mea mua e uwa o ka Stalin lua i loko o ke kālaikūlohea - P. L. Kapitsa, makemakika - A. N. Kolmogorov, kālaimeaola - T. D. Lysenko, ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau - A. A. Bogomolets, pii Filatov, NN Burdenko no ka geology - V. A. Obruchev, ma kona hoʻomaopopo aku i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole, ike gunsmith V. A. Degtyarov, ma aviakonstruirovaniyu - SA Lavochkin, no ka pena - AM Gerasimov, kiʻi kaula - V. I. Muhina.

Ke akamai o ka Metro ku "Kiev" a me ka "Komsomolskaya" kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone D. Chechulin kekahi i hookoia i ka Stalin uku. HE Tolstoy loaa ia no ka puke "Petero ka Nui", M. A. Sholohov - no ka puke "a he maluhia kahe ka Don", e like me ka playwright NF Pogodin i malama ma hope? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka hula "ke kanaka me ka pu."

Like kūkā hana

ʻepekema hana neeaa ana no mua me ke komo o ka pili hana kūikawāʻepekema, akamai kauoha a nā loea a me ke ahiahi, a pau akeakamai-noiʻi institutes. A laila, i ka olelo, he oi loa a me ka hulina i ke kau ana o ka kūikawā lelo no People ka Commissars o ka USSR.

Inā pono, 'elele o ka noiʻi institutes a me nā kānakaʻepekema i ka hoʻolālā hele i ka halawai o ke Komite. Manaʻo hoʻoholo i hanaʻia ma ke koho huna balloting.

pihi o Honor

Kēlā me kēia laureate ma hope o ka loaa ana o ka ia nā kumu kāki i ke ano kūpono a me ka honorary hoailona Stalin uku, a i ia e koʻu manaʻo ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau, e hiki mai ana i ka Papa Naita. Ua Ua i ke kālā i loko o ka palapala o ka convex ka'ololaha me keʻokeʻo enamel, a moe lalo Pohon o ke gula. Enamel depicted lā - gula kukuna, e ku e ia i ka luna malamalama aiai hoku o kaʻulaʻula enamel me ka Park gula. Ka palapala i loko o ke gula palapala heluhelu: "Stalin waiwai pio e uwa".

I ka luna o ka'ololaha ka honua corrugated lipine o ka uliuli enamel me gilt lua penei, ma i i palapala "USSR". Aʻu kala a me ke gula-waihoʻoluʻu paʻa papa, e a ma ka maka o ke apo, a hui i ka honorary hoailona, i kekahi kākauʻia ma luna o ka mea i hoʻohikiʻia ma ko Apapika numerals Year Achievement. Ka paʻi i loko o ka ahakanaka e pili ana i na Winners o keia makahiki, mauʻikeʻia ma luna o December 21 - ka lā hānau o I. V. Stalina.

kaua

I ka makahiki weliweli o ke kaua, ua hoʻolilo kiʻekiʻe o kekahi i ike okoa ia lakou iho me ka pilina hana like ma mua loa - i loko o ka poha ikaika o patriotic a me ka hoomanawanui Initiative. Sovietʻepekema, innovators, inventors poe ia ia mea manawa kā lākou hana i ke aupuni nele oi aku i ka maluhia. E like me ka 1941 ka mea i lawe nui e piʻi like ana o ka intelligentsia i aneane nā wahi likeʻole o ke ola.

Hana i? Aeiino? Ma luna o ke kaua wawae eha, e hoÿonui ai maka oukou ia mea kumu waiwai,? Iecaianoaaiiie nona iho mahuahua. Stalin lua o ke degere mua i kumu kāki i ka pae ana o kula alakaʻi ma ka Peresidena o ka USSR V. L. Komarova, i ka noiʻi 'ana a me ka hoʻomohala i ke ala o ka hanalima? Acaeoey o ka Urals - kaʻeleʻele metallurgy, ikehu, kūkuluʻia nā puke a me nā mea a pau e ae. Ka hopena Ua Ua he nui? Anoe o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā ano o na hana.

He nui ka poe i Makalu Zelinsky no kūlana pale kemika. He Ua loaʻa 'pū me ia nā kumu kāki. Kumu MV Keldysh a me ka moho o E noa ka Sciences E. Grossman hana no Soviet mokulele i manao ai: hoʻomohala i ka kumumanaʻo o ka laholio kuekueni, a hele mai me ka ano o ka helu o ka mokulele koliliʻana, no ka mea, i ka mea i i hookoia ka Stalin lua o 2nd degere.

Dmitri Shostakovich

Poʻokela ma luna o ka makakū mana o ka haku mele ma mua o ka ke piʻoloke kakau iho la oia i kona kaulana "iaʻo 'Symphony" i loko o ka hoʻopilikia Leningrad. Kēia hana koke lilo i ka waihona o ka honua mele. Naʻi humanism, makemake e kaua aku i ka make me kaʻeleʻele koa, luli oiaio, e hoʻokani ana i loko o na palapala aie, loaa nā hualoaʻa a i ka hoʻomaopopo pono hookahi, a no nā mea a pau. I ka 1942, ua hana i ia ka Stalin lua o ke degere mua.

Dmitri Shostakovich - iʻekolu manawa e uwa o ka Stalin lua i hou i ka mua: no ka mea nui Trio 1946 - lua o ke degere mua, a laila, - i ka inoa o ko People ka Artist o ka RSFSR, i ka makahiki 1950, i hookoia ka Stalin lua o ka lua o ka degere o kona oratorio "Song o ka ulu lāʻau" ma ka Verses Dolmatovski, a mele no ka ho film "ke Kau Hāʻule Lau o Pelelina". I ka 1952, ua loaa i kekahi Stalin lua o ka lua o ke degere no ka Suite no ka papa hīmeni.

Faina Ranevskaya

No ka mea, he nui na makahiki hana i ka punahele o ka lehulehu, i ole hoʻokani ma ka hōʻike 'ole kūlana o ka māka hōkū. Kēia mea he loa loea mea hana keaka. Stalin makana ia noho kekahi la ekolu kulou ana: palua ka lua o ke degere a me kekahi manawa - ke kolu.

I ka 1949 - no ke kūlana o ka wahine Losev ma "Act o Honor" Stein (Moscow hana keaka Kino), i ka 1951 - no ke kūlana o Agrippina i loko o 'wāwahi Dawn ma Moscow "Suvorov (i ka hale kiaka o ka ia), i loko o ka hookahi makahiki - no ke kūlana o Frau Wurst "ka mea, i ka'āina" i loko o ka ho film. I ka rula, i kekahi kūlana hana ma Faina, hiki ke hookoia keia hanohano mai na Classics o Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni no ka hapanui loa hana a me keia mea hana keaka, e uwa o ka Stalin uku. I kona manawa ia i ua nui, a me ka manawa paha i kekahi mea, aole ia i ike i kona inoa.