Hydrofluoricʻakika

Hydrofluoricʻakika ua pinepine hua mai la i loko o ka palapala o ka 40% pāʻoihana, akā, i kekahi manawa, loaʻa he 50% ai 72% pāʻoihana. Aka ka mea, ua kapaʻia he hydrofluoricʻakika a koʻana koko hydrogen fluoride. Kona inoa, ua hanaʻia e fluorspar, mai a, ma ka huli, he hydrogen fluoride.

Hydrofluoricʻakika - kona haʻilula HF. Visually, ia mea he colorless wai, i ka hakakino kaumaha o 20,0063 g. / Mol, a me ka pa apŘ - 1,15 g. / Cm³. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka wela: Heheʻe - 83,6 ° C, ka baila aʻela i - 19,5 ° C. He 'ole-flammable a me ka mahaloʻawahia.

He aha nā hiʻona i ka hydrofluoricʻakika? Ke haʻilula o kēia mea paipai i ka loaʻa o fluorine a me ka hydrogen i loko o kona 'ole. Ka mea, e pili ana i ka lua o ka papa o ka pilikia, e like me ka hana ma ka dissociation o ka fluorine meaʻawahia, a hoʻopōʻino i kā mākou 'ia.

Ma ka noho male 'ana o kaʻakika i ka wai i loko o ka nui o ka wela o 59,1 kJ / Mol. Ua reacts me na mea he nui i eliiaʻi, ma ia ho okumu i fluorides. Mea o ka mea i hiki i ka uuku hapa o keiaʻakika ka hiki ana o ua hakumakuma i ka ke kūpaleʻana wahi o ka wai hae. At haahaa ana wela hydrogen fluoride ke kēia i huiʻia me ka wai H2O · HF, H2O a me H2O · 2HF · 4HF.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka hydrofluoricʻakika no i ka meakino ikaika nāʻakika, ia corrodes a silicate aniani ipu. A eia hoi, ka mea, o ka mea wale kekahi o kona papa waiwai a reacts me ka silikone'okesaside SiO (2). Kēia'okesaside, ma ka huli, o ka papa kuhikuhiE mea hoʻohana no ka aniani? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Hydrofluoricʻakika i ole ia ma ka nahaehae, no laila ka mea, ua lohe nui ia no kona waiho waho pūnaewele. I ka keia manawa ka mea, ua kaʻi aku, a waiho wale i loko o ke ea AEeAaOA, a i ka laholio a me ke kēpau pahu. High lehulehu (60%)ʻakika hiki ke lawe i ka pahu ikaika i ke kila.

Ke hooheheeia, a i ole wailana i loko o laila, e alakaʻi, platinum a me ke gula. Kōmike hydrofluoricʻakika he mau impurities, i waena a me ka loa, he pono ole ka poe hana pela me Fe, Rb, E like me, a me N2SiF6, SO2. Maikai, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻakika ua loaa ia ma ka hoʻololi 'ia i ka potasiuma difluoride. Eia, ka mea, ua decomposed, a ua hoʻopau ma ka paio hahana maoli nō ka hydrogen fluoride i loko o ka wai.

I ka hana ana i loko o nā keʻena hoʻokolohua hoʻohana ipu a me nā ipu o ka polyethylene a me ka PTFE, a me ka nui puke o hydrofluoricʻakika waihonakala ma kila, pilipaa, hermetically paʻa poʻina nalu, a me nā pahu poʻina nalu a me nā paukūʻolokaʻa ammonia type, a ua koi 'ia i ka aiiay' ia nā pōpō i loaʻa.

Hydrofluoricʻakika mea pilikia i kanaka ola. Ua loaʻa he palupalu narcotic ia ma luna o ka psyche. Inā no kekahi kumu, ua loaʻa i loko o ke koko, i keia hihia, e pale loa kaʻapu kōheoheo me ka loli i loko o ka mana o ka digestive'ōnaehana a me pulmonary edema. O hydrofluoricʻakika hiki loko naau hope a mau intoxication o ka meaola.

I ka hui 'ana meʻili paha maka, ka mea e hookomo ana ola'ā a hiki ma haʻahaʻa nā hoʻohui like. No kaʻawaʻawa loa ka hopena o kaʻakika anal e kui, no laila, hana me ka mea wale Pono e komo Loan a me ke aeo maikai.

Inā, aka hoi, o kaʻili laʻakika, laila koke holoiʻia ia mea i ka wai kahe, a hana me 2,5% kalipuna gluconate like me ka tuko pīlali. Akā, i hiki ole ana, oe e nīnau i kou kauka koke. He e hoʻonoho i kekahi intravenous ka pahu kui o ke kalipuna koloriside.

Where Ua hoʻohana 'ia kēia pilikiaʻakika? Currently, ka mea, ua 'Imi hoʻohana' ia ma ka pohaku ole o ka silicate, e hoike mai i ke hooheheeia e like me niobium, tantalum a me ka zirconium. Ua hana like me ka hōʻeleu no ka hydrogenation a me ka dehydrogenation, e like me ia ma ka hana o fluoropolymers, freons a me fluorosulfonicʻakika. Ua loaʻa kona palapala noi i loko o ka aila oihana puolo. Ua Ua malamaia lakou nei, me kaʻaila punawai e hōʻoi 'aila? Iecaianoaaiiuo.