ʻike hoʻokumu N. A. Nekrasova - he kukui a me ka hoihoi 'aoʻao o Lūkini panina moʻokalaleo. Hoomau ana a me ka waiwai ole manaʻo a me nā 'ano hōʻike' ia e Pushkin a me Lermontov, Nekrasov hehi loa aku i loko o ka ulu ana o ka kemokalaka ideals o patriotic mau kino, a kū i ke au i i ua haiia ma na hana o kona mau mua nui. Kukakuka iho o Nikolai - "kukakuka iho o ka huhu a me ke kaumaha," ke kaikuwahine o ka kua'āina, pepehi ana ia me nā huipa i loko o ka Haymarket. A pau kona ola, ua palapala mai e pili ana i na kanaka, a no na kanaka, a me ka "homespun" Rusia - ka poe ilihune, keakea a me ka nani - 'alo iā mākou, mai ka' aoʻao o kona poetry hoiliili ole me ke ola.
Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na
Ka Ikepili o ka poem "ka haku mele a me Makaainana", e like me kekahi 'ē hana o ke akamai, e hoʻomaka ana me ka ao ana o ka moolelo o ka hanaia'na, me ka kaiapili-pili aupuni i hiki ai ia i ka ulu' ana ma ka aina ma ia manawa, a me ka biographical mea kākauʻikepili, ina e loaa iaʻu kekahi mea e hana ana me ka huina hoonui . Ka lā a kākau i ka kikokikona - 1855 - June 1856. Ua Ua mua paʻiʻia i loko o ka mea kākau o ka ohi, i i paʻiʻia ma ka-ka m 56 ia. Before mea Chernyshevsky proanonsiroval Nekrasov puke pai ia ia ma ka hope pukana o "Contemporary" wahi loiloi 'Ikepili o ka poem "ka haku mele a me Makaainana" a me ke kikokikona, like me he mau hou vivid, a ma Nekrasovsky hlostkih hana, a me ka awaawa satire "Kupu' Village". Ka paʻi kena ae la i kekahi resonance nui i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka ikaika'ōhumu mai me nā luna a me nā kūhelu noʻonoʻo loi. I "haku mele a me Makaainana" autocratic aupuni i ike (pono, ma ke alanui, pono) uaua noʻonoʻo loi, a kinai ana, hoʻokahuli aupuni hoopii. Ka a pau pukana o "Contemporary", like hoʻi me nā kope o ka buke i ua wehe 'ia mai ka noa ka hookipaia a me ka i papaia e Pai ia. Ma ma ka Magazine looming make māinoino o ka panina. A ma luna o Nekrasov, ka poe i ma ia manawa ma kahi e, ma lalo o hoʻoweliweli 'o ka hopu ana i kona hoi ana mai. No ke aha la i ua he ikaika naoh o na Aupuni a me ka censorship? Maopopo keia, e kōkua kālailai i ka poem "ka haku mele a me Makaainana".
Palapala, ai 'Tradition a me ka hoʻomauʻana
I ka wa i Nekrasov i lohe na lono e pili ana i ke aupuni i ka atrocities i loko o ke kula o ka moʻomeheu, lehulehu manao, moʻokalaleo, oia pane akula ua Lūkini moʻolelo ike "censorship a me ka weliweli makani ino mai ai." A kemokalaka cia, a na ike a me ke ano o ka makakū kanaka o ke kuleana i ka hui, aupuni, manawa a me ka mau talena i ma luna o Nekrasov mua kanaka kākau moʻolelo - Pushkin (hoomanao i kona kaulana "kamailio Kanaka Kūʻai Aku Puke me ka haku mele"), a me Lermontov ( "kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, ka mea heluhelu a me ka mea kākau "). Ka Ikepili o ka poem "ka haku mele a me Makaainana"ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai i ke kino a me ka Mamua Alexey nui poetic i waha e kumumea.
"Pure nō" a me ka kemokalaka laina
50-60-ies. 19th kenekulia - ka manawa i loa Makamae no ka Lūkini. I loko nō o ka naoh, ka! Makai, a autocratic censorship ma ka aina he mea he lālā hua'ōhumu mai me ka pili aupuni aniau, i ka ulu ike paka i o ka holumua ai strata o ka heluna kanaka. Serfdom ua hikiʻana mai ma na nakaka, i ka manaʻo o na liberation, huhū a me ka hoopai i loko o ka lewa. Iloko o keia manawa, pili hoopaapaa ua lawe wahi i waena o ka poeikohoia o ka makakū intelligentsia. "Haku mele a me Makaainana" - he pauku o Nekrasov - maopopo Hōʻike 'kā lākou o Mānoa. Me ka Poeikohoia o ka ai-kapaia "maʻemaʻe nō" (mai ko lakou mau maka hoopaapaa i loko o ka hana hiki aku ai i ka haku mele) manaoio ia poetry, moʻokalaleo like hoʻi me ke mele, pena e olelo aku i "mau loa." Eʻoiaʻiʻo nō ma luna o kaiapili-kālai'āina pilikia a me ka ai. E like me ka hana ana o ia i ke kūlana hiki aku ai Nekrasov kea mai Pushkin mau hana ( "The haku mele a me Makaainana", i ka pauku, "Ua hanau mākou no ka hoʻoulu manaʻo / No ka mea kani a me nā pule ..."). A staunch hoa paio o keia manao, a e Uwao kaʻeleu ola kulana ma ke akamai i ke ka poem Makaainana. Ua ka oia i ka mea Hōʻike 'i ka manao a me ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau, kemokalaka tendencies a me nā pono kīvila.
Theme a me ka manaʻo o ka poem
Nekrasov aole kaʻana i kona poetry i ka hoʻokahi wale nō lyrical, aikane oe, a me ka kivila. Kēia mauʻaoʻao, seemingly loa ai okoa, harmoniously hui i loko o kāna hana i loko o ka hoʻokahi kahawai. "Haku mele a me Makaainana" (poem Ka Ikepili proves mau mea hoike) - ka lako polokalamu huahana i loko o ka hoohalike i ka mea hōʻike i nā manaÿoʻano nui o ka mea kākau, i hōʻike 'nui nīnūnē. Nekrasov pono a me ke akeaʻia maila kona mau makakū a me ka kaiapili-pili aupuni credo:ʻaʻohe mea nānaʻoe i ka oihana a me ka hilinaʻi. Ua mea nui ia oe e ke keiki o ko lākou aupuni, a 'o ia hoʻi ia he kamaaina wau, ka mea nana e kaua aku no ka mea, no ka mea, he maikaʻi ke ola, pomaikai, o ka poe waiwai a me ka uhane. Eia naʻe, au i ae mai ia i hala loa he mau. No ka mea, kamaaina wau nui olelo aku la ia: "ole, koe nae ka naau maikai / O na kanawai hea motherland mea laa ia." Ka "hola o ke kaumaha a me ke kaumaha," loea, hoʻopono, hoʻonaʻauao kanaka, aole he pono, e noho ma luna o ka sidelines, oli "nani o ke 'ano" a me ka "mea ala honi." Artists, o ka oi aku kākau moʻolelo, i kuʻu mai ia me ka makana kūikawā - e ho ololi i ka naau a me ka naau o kanaka, e alakai ia lakou - e hoʻomanaʻo. I kana hana, e haawi aku oia ia ia iho i ka hana o ka motherland a me na kanaka - e ike i ka makakū kanaka manao Nekrasov. "Haku mele a me Makaainana", ka Ikepili o a kakou, ke hoopaa - he poem-manifesto-poem hoʻopiʻi kū'ē 'ana ma ke akea kono aku i kanaka kākau moʻolelo lawe i kaʻaoʻao o ke kanaka, "Mai Mai e he kohu kūpono kupa / K'āina anu uhane / He mea ole awaawa hōʻino ..." .
I ka haku mele 'ana a me ka huina hoonui o ka stylistic peculiarities
Pela, ke theme like o ka poem - ka haku mele a me ka poetry, kā lākou kūlana ma ke kaiapili-pili aupuni ana o ka aina. Ke kiʻi i ka manaʻo, a me nā kiʻi i ka manaʻo i hoike i loko o kēia mau laina: "E ke kamaaina wau ... / To ola i ka hoalauna maikai ...". I ka hoike ia clearer a clearer, malamalama hoolilo i ka mea heluhelu Nekrasov elects ka palapala ano o ka lyric hana - dramatizedʻano o ideological hoopaapaa. Ku I Ka mea koe 'ē aʻe passionate monologues Makaainana, piha ka rhetorical hoopii a me exclamations, ana ia loa' ehaʻeha o olelo. I ka mea ia manawa, a no ia mea, e lawelawe ai i kona mau malokoʻano o. A nui helu o verbs mau Kuleana, kaiapili-kālai'āina nä huaÿölelo Pelekane, conscription intonation haawi mai i ka mea heluhelu i ka K'lauea pono a me ka heluia, e, i imi a me Nekrasov. "Haku mele a me Makaainana" - he poem, a ia maopopo pomaikai ae la lakou i ka hooiaio ana i ka haku o ka olelo, i ko lakou pilikia - i ka "Belle lettres" a me ka lohe ana i kona makemake mau ipo,ʻaʻole nei kamailio, a hoʻokauwā aku na kanaka. Ka pilina o kona hana 'aʻole i manaʻo lilo i loko o kā mākou mau lā.