Nikolay Gumilyov: Kawaihae. ʻike hoʻokumu, makahiki o ke ola, kiʻi

Gumilev Nikolay Stepanovich i hānau i loko o 1886 ma Kronstadt. Kona makua kāne i kaʻoihana moku kauka. I koʻu wā kamaliʻi Nikolai Gumilyov, he Hawaii photo a e e hōʻike mai iā ia ma lalo, e paa ana ia i loko o Tsarskoye Selo. He Ua aoia o ia ma nā kula aupuni o St. Petersburg a me Tiflis. Kona mua poem haku mele Gumilev Nikolay i kākau ai i loko o umikumamalua makahiki. No ka mea manawa mua i kana hana i ua paʻi ma ka paiia o "Tiflis kuina" ia ia i 16 makahiki.

Nikolai Gumilyov. Kawaihae

Ma o ka haule ana o ka 1903, i ka ohana hoi a hiki i Tsarskoye Selo. Aia i ka wā e hiki mai haku mele nā kūlanaʻelua aʻo ma ke kula, kona kau wela a ua Ann. Ka popoiwi wahi i loko o ke ola o Koli lilo ike lea i na hana o ka Symbolists a me ke akeakamai o Nietzsche. ¶ A i loko o 1903 i ka wā e hiki mai haku mele me ka schoolgirl Gorenko (hope Akhmatova). Ma hope o ua noho mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma ka 1906, Nikolai Gumilyov, Kawaihae i ka loa piha o nā hanana i loko o nā makahiki e hele mai ana, hele aku la i Palika. Ma Palani, oia hele haʻi'ōlelo, a halawai me ka poeikohoia o ka palapala, ai 'a me ka noʻeau pā kula.

Life ma hope o ka pau ana o ka gymnasium

Collection o "Ka aoao conquistadores" Ua lilo ka mua pai ekalesia, a hookuu Gumilev Nikolay. A haku mele i loko o ka kakahiaka kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao i, ma kekahi alanui, "i ka ohi ana i ka wanaʻao i ka hoao ana," a, nae, ua loaʻa mua kona iho intonation, Hahai I ke kiʻi o ke koa, lyrical, Lone naʻi aupuni. I hope ma Farani, oia ke ae ho'āʻo ana e hoopuka aku i kekahi "Sirius" Magazine. Nā lumi (ka mea mua ekolu), ka haku mele ua pai ia ma lalo o ka inoa o Anatoly Grant, a ma lalo o kona inoa iho - Nikolai Gumilyov. Kawaihae o ka haku mele i loko o nā makahiki e hele mai ana i ka pakahi hoihoi. Ua pono e olelo mai ia, oiai ma Paris, hoouna aku la oia i palapala ia ma kekahi a paʻi: "Rus" nupepa, "kakahiaka nui Morning", " 'O ke kaulike" Magazine.

oʻo manawa

I ka makahiki 1908, ua hookuu ia i kona lua ohi, na hana o ka i ua mea laa Gorenko ( "Romantic poetry"). Mai ka mea, hoomaka ae la, a me ka oo wā i loko o ka haku mele. Bruce, hoonani aku la i ka puke mua o ka mea kākau, i oleloia,ʻaʻole me ka makemake, au ua i kuhihewa ma na Time]. "Romantic poetry" lilo oi hoihoi ma ka palapala, maikai a me ka leo hone. Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1908 Gumilev hoi aku la i kona'āina. Ma Rusia, oiaʻiaʻike me ka poeikohoia o ka palapala, ai 'honua o St. Petersburg, he ikaika manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻomaka eʻikea au i loko o ka nūpepa paiia o "ka Moi". Hope, ka mea no hoi Gumilyov hoomaka e kakau i ko lakou mau hana.

Ma hope o ka huakaʻi a hiki i ka hikina

First huakaʻi i Aigupita, i wahi ma ka Akuma ka 1908. Ma hope iho o ia, Gumilev i helu i loko o ka Law'āuna kumu o ke Kulanui i loko o ke poʻo, a me ka hope Neʻe i ka mōʻaukala a me Philology. Mai ka 1909, ua hoʻomaka hana i kekahi o na organizers o ka "Apollo" Magazine. Ma keia paiia a hiki i 1917. Ua makemake no ia mea, e pai unuhi Pelekane a me ka poem, e like me ia i kekahi o na kolamu. Bright lawa Gumilyov i loko o kona mau hōʻike manaʻo illuminates i ka palapala, ai 'kaʻina hana o kaʻumi makahiki mua o ke kenekulia 20th. I ka pau ana o 1909 ia i haʻalele i kekahi mau mahina i loko o Abyssinia, a ma luna o kona hoʻi paʻi i ka puke, "Pearl."

Life mai 1911

"Shop haku mele o" i loko o ka Akuma ka o ka 1911, ua hana, a ua hoikeia mai kona mau kū kaʻawale mai symbolism e ho okumu i kona aesthetic polokalamu. "Ka Prodigal Keiki" ENU noʻonoʻo i ka mua Acmeist poem. Ua Ua komo i loko o ka ohi ana i ka makahiki 1912 "'Āina'Ē Sky". Ma ka manawa o ka mea kākau ua, ua paa kaulana "Syndic", "E ke Kumu", kekahi o ka loa nui o Contemporary haku mele. I ka 1913 Gumilev hele aku la i ka hapalua o ka makahiki ma Africa. I ka hoʻomaka o ka First World haku mele hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka alo. I ka 1915, o ka "Notes cavalryman" i paʻiʻia, he ohi o "ʻaʻa pua". Ma ka ia wā, paʻi i kona pai ia hana "Gondla", "Child o ke Akua". Eia naʻe, i kona patriotic impulses e koke kekahi, a ma ka uku leta, oia aeia ia no ia ia, no ka luna a me Aferika, a me ke kaua. I ka 1918 Gumilev ea i kona kaʻelele i hapa o Hussars i loko o ka expeditionary ikaika, akā, 'āina i loko o Lādana, a Paris mua luawai. Back i ka hookahi makahiki i loko o Rusia, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoʻomaka e hana like me ka unuhi, e hoomakaukau i ka moʻolelo o Gilgamesh, na poem o ka Pelekānia a me Farani haku mele o "World me Moʻolelo". Ka puke "kia ahi" i ka hope kekahi hookuu Nikolai Gumilyov. Kawaihae o ka haku mele i pau ai me ka hopu ia ana a me ka hooko i ka 1921.

Pōkole hōʻikeʻano o ka hana

Gumilyov hui i ka Soviet moʻokalaleo me ka apprentice symbolist haku mele Valery Bryusov. Naʻe, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a kona kumu aʻo i Innokentiy Annensky. Kēia haku mele ua, i waena o Alia, ka luna hoʻokele o kekahi o nā kula kiʻekiʻe (i loko o Tsarskoye Selo), i ka i ana i aʻo Gumilyov. I ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like ana o kana mau hana i ka manaʻo o ke käne lanakila. Hero Gumilyov - ikaika-Ke makemake nei anei, wiwoʻole ke kanaka. Over manawa, nae, i kona poetry i emi mea lahaʻole. Ma keia hihia, no ka mea kākau o ka manao no ka hana a me ka ikaika kanaka koe. Gumilev manaoio i na kanaka i i ke ano o ia ano, maʻamau o ke ola. A loaa ia ia iho i loko o ka ia. Loa o ka puu, a me ka pinepine manao e pili ana i kona iho ka make, ka mea kākau mau i kekahi mau mea i loko o ka Halo o ka heroism:

A au hele ole ana i ka make ma ka wahi moe
A hiki i ka notary a me ke kauka,
A i loko o kekahi hihiu nahā i,
Make i loko o ka ivy loa.

Love a kālaiʻike ma ka hope Verses

Loa he wahi lihi iki o kana mau hana Gumilev i pau manaʻo. Kona ano ma ke aloha lyric i he okoa loa nānā. Ua hiki e ke Alii, mai ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo, nā kaʻao ipo kaulana Dante fantastic kanaka o Aigupita alii wahine. A hoʻokaʻawale laina e hele ma kona mau oe poem i Akhmatova. Me ia i hui loa haoʻa, huikau pilina, e pono o ko lākou manaʻo iho o ka puke ( "oia", "Mai lua Zmiyov", "Tamer Animals" a no laila, ma luna o.). Late Gumilyov ka poetry Hōʻike 'o ka mea kākau o ka kamailio ana no philosophical kumuhana apau loa. I ia manawa, e noho ana i loko o ka weliweli a me ka pōloli Petrograd, ka haku mele ua hana ma ka honua nei, hana o Nuioka ma no opiopio Artists, like no ia me ka ano o ua kii akua la, a kumu. I ia manawa, mai ka peni o Gumilyov mai kekahi o kona maikaʻi hana, ua piha oia i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē e pili ana i ka hopena o Rusia, kanaka ola, manao ( "Kupouli tram", "Ka Eono ke aloha", "hoʻomanaʻo", "kaʻu poʻe heluhelu," a pela aku).