Famous Palani haku mele

France - he aina i ka mua o ka mea 'ē aʻe. wale nohona, akā, i ka palapala, ai ka mea iʻaneʻi i ka mea mua kipi i wahi, a me ka ole, koi hai i alakaʻi ai i ka ulu ana o ke akamai i loko o ke ao nei a pau. Palani moʻolelo a me nā haku mele loaʻa ano kūkaʻi 'kiekie. Kekahi hana hoihoi 'oiaio o ia mea i loko o Farani no ka hana ana i na mea he nui geniuses i loiloi' i kona wā e ola. I kēia lā, ua kamailio e pili ana i ka mea nui a me nā mea kākau haku mele XIX - kakahiaka XX kenekulia, e like me kona uhi i ka pale o ka hoihoi 'minute o ko lākou mau ola.

Viktor Mari Gyugo (1802-1885)

Ua mea olelo lealea i nā Palani haku mele o ke hopu mai me ka unahiʻole, i Viktora Gyugo. Ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i mea ole makau e hoala ostrosotsialnye Halaman i loko o kona mau novels, a ma ka mea ia manawa pilialoha haku mele,ʻo ia i noho ai i ka lōʻihi o ke ola, i ka mea waiwai ana 'e piʻi like. Hugo me ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ole e ike i kona wa e ola ana -ʻo ia i ka waiwai ma ka hana ana i kēia hana.

Ma hope o ka "Hale Pule Nui o Notre Dame" kona kaulana wale māhuahua. He mea nui ka mea kākau i loko o ke ao nei ka poe i Ua hiki ke ola 4 makahiki ma waho lākou mau pono? Ma hope o 79 makahiki o ka makahiki (ma luna o ka lā o ka hanau ana o Viktora Gyugo) ma Avenue Eylau kukulu ia i ka triumphal e pio mai - ma ka mea, ma lalo o nā puka wai o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ma ka mea, i ka lā i hele 600 tausani admirers o kona tālena. Koke ke alanui i Kapa hou i ka Avenue Victor Hugo.

Ma hope Viktor Mari Gyugo haʻalele ole wale hana nui a me ka nui hooilina, 50.000 francs o i i hoʻoili ai i ka poe ilihune, akā, i ka na wahi i loko o ka makemake. He Ua kauoha ia Kapa hou i ke kapikala o Farani - Paris - ma Gyugopolis. Maoli, ka mea, o ka mea wale nō mau ukana i i ole hoʻokō.

Teofil Gote (1811-1872)

A lohe o Viktor Gyugo aumeume ana me ka classicist noʻonoʻo loi, Teofil Gote i kekahi o ka brightest a loa kupaʻa kākoʻo. Palani haku mele loaa he replenishment maikaʻi o ko lākou mau poʻe kaua: Gaultier ole wale e akakaʻi ke kahu moku i keʻano hana o ke kākau 'ana, akā, i wehe i ka hou au i loko o ke akamai o Farani, i a laila alakaʻi ai i ke ao nei a pau.

Hope hoi i hoomanawanui i kona ohi mua i loko o ka maikaʻi mooolelo o ka pilialoha kaila, Teofil Gote i ka ia manawa ke hoʻokoe 'ia mai ka hana kuʻuna kumuhana apau loa o ka poetry, a poetry hoʻololi i ka maʻi lele. He i ole palapala e pili ana i ka nani o ke ano, mau loa ke aloha a me ka kālai'āina. 'Aʻole wale nō i - ka haku mele i haʻi mai i ka oaoieei-ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka pauku loa nui ke keʻena. Keia ke ano i kona pauku, e noho ana i loko o shape pilialoha, ma ka mea ka mea, he ole - i haawi aku ai i ka pono o ka palapala.

Ma ka hope loa ohi, "Enamels a me Kamea", a ua manaoia i ka oioi o kaʻike hoʻokumu Theophile Gautier, i komo i ka manifesto "Parnassian kula" - "Art". He hai mai i ka loina o "oe no oe i ka pono", a Palani haku mele maliuia unconditionally.

Artyur Rembo (1854-1891)

Palani haku mele Artyur Rembo hooeueu ae la i kona ola a me ka poetry oi aku kekahi hanauna. I adolescence , oia pinepine ae la oia a holo aku, mai kona home ma Paris, ma ia halawai ai me Paul Verlaine, hoouna aku la ia ia i ka poem "Kaʻona moku kaua". I ka noho aloha ma waena o nā haku mele koke ulu i loko o ke aloha. Kēia i ke kumu no ka haalele Verlaine ohana.

Ma ke ola o Rimbaud hele wale 2 hoiliili ole o ka poetry, a kaawale - ka Debut pauku "koʻu inu ana ka moku kaua", i koke lawe mai ia iaia. He hana hoihoi 'ia ka haku mele i ka' oihana i loa pōkole: na poem a pau i kākau ai ma ka makahiki o ka 15 a hiki i 21 makahiki. Ma hope o Artyur Rembo wale hōʻole i ke kākauʻana. Flatly. A lilo iho la oia i kalepa, a hiki i ka hopena o ke ola kuai mea ala, a me na mea kaua kanaka ....

Famous Palani haku mele Pol Elyuar a me Giyom Apolliner i 'ike kupuna o Artyura Rembo. Kana hana, a me ka mea i lana e Henry Miller ka (essay), "Time kai" a me Patti Smith mau kūkaʻi'ōleloʻana e pili ana i ka haku mele, a me kona mau Verses ua'ōlelo.

Pol Verlen (1844-1896)

Palani haku mele o ka hopena o XIX kenekulia, wae Paul Verlaine lākou "alii," akā, i ka Moi, ua ka loa uuku rowdy a me ka playboy, Verlaine ho'ākāka 'ia ma kaʻaoʻaoʻino o ke ola - ka lepo, o ka pouli, a me ka hewa kuko. Kekahi o ka "makua" o ka impressionism a me ka symbolism ma moʻokalaleo, ka haku mele kakau iho la poetry, i ka nani o ke kani i hiki ole hoolilo aku i kekahi unuhi.

No ka mea pehea vicious a me ka 'ōlelo Palani i ka haku mele, Rimbaud Ua pâʻani' o ia i ka nunui kūlana i loko o kona wā e hiki mai. Ma hope o ka huikau ike lea i ka mea opiopio Arthur Paul i aku la ia ia ma lalo o kona'ēheu. He Ua huli no ka haku mele hale noho, a hiki no i kekahi manawa ka hoʻolimalimaʻana i ka lumi, a hiki nae ia i ua i waiwai no ia. Lākou hoʻokolokolo ana kekahi mau makahiki: ma hope o Verlaine haʻalele i ka 'ohana, ka mea hele, inu, a hana aku la e like me ka mea hiki.

A lohe o Rimbaud Hoʻoholo ihola e hele aku mai kana ipo, Verlaine pana aku la ia ia i loko o ka na pulima oʻu. ʻOiai ka luahi retracted i ka'ōlelo, Paul Verlaine i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka makahiki elua i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Ma hope iho o ia, oia aole loaa hou ai. No ka mea, no ka hikiʻole mai o ke kaiāulu, e haʻalele Artyura Rembo, Verlaine hiki loa aku hoʻi i kāna wahine - ia ua i oki mare, a luku aku ia pau.

Giyom Apolliner (1880-1918)

Ke keiki a kekahi Polish aristocrat, i hanauia ma Roma, Giyom Apolliner no i Farani. Ua ua i loko o Paris, ua ola ia adolescence a me ka adulthood, a hiki i kona make ana. Like nā Palani haku mele o ka manawa, Apollinaire i huli no ka aoao hou a me ka manawa, imi ae la i hoʻolele hauli - a pomaikai.

Ma hope iho o ka paiia o ka Aina, hana i loko o ka uhane o deliberate kolohe a me ka ieie-poetry ohi "Bestiary, a Orpheus motorcade", paʻi i ka 1911, Giyom Apolliner publishes mua piha-lōʻihi poetry ohi "Alcohol" (1913), a hele koke akula i ka noonoo ana o ka nele o ke grammar, baroque e nānā ai a me ka leo oko ao.

Collection "Kaligrammy" hele aku la a hiki hou aku - a pau na poem mea i komo i loko o kēia ohi, i kākauʻia e ka mea kupaianaha ala: na hana o ka laina hoonohonoho i loko o ka likeʻole ma o silhouettes. ka mea heluhelu i ka maka 'ōili mai i ka wahine i loko o ka inaina aku ai, he manu nunu la, i soars ma luna o ke kumu, vase o nā pua ... kēiaʻano o ka pauku i hala. Na Huaolelo, ma ke ala, mea ole hou - haawi hoomaka poetry, e hana i ka Pelekania ma ka XVII kenekulia, akā, ma ia manawa Apollinaire mua mai i ka muli o " 'akomi palapala", i mea ai leʻaleʻa o Surrealists.

Kaʻia "surrealism" no i Guillaume Apollinaire. Heʻikeʻia ma hope o staging i kona "surreal hana keaka" "ū Tiresias" i ka 1917. ka kaiapili o ka haku mele me ia ma ka poo hope lilo ia manawa ikeia surrealists.

Andre Breton (1896-1966)

No ka Andre Breton halawai mai me Guillaume Apollinaire lilo i ka hiʻona'āina. Eia hoi kekahi ma ke alo, i loko o ka haukapila, ma ka opiopio Andre, he kauka ma ke aʻo, mālama lākou me ka 'inikua pololei oe. Apollinaire ua he contusion (he apana nahaha o kekahi mea lele, ku ana ma ke poo), ma hope i kona aole loaa hou ai.

Mai 1916, Andre Breton lawe kaʻeleu loa i loko o ka hana o ka avant-garde poetry. He halawai me Louis Aragon, Filippom Supo, Tristan Tzara, Paul Eluard, haʻawina ka poetry o Lautréamont. I ka 1919, ma hope o ka make ana o Apollinaire, haku mele o epatazhisty hoʻomaka e hoonohonoho a puni Andre Breton. I hele pu me Filippom Supo (essay) "ʻume mākenēki kihapai" keia makahiki, i kākauʻia e ke ano o ka " 'akomi ke kākau' ana."

Mai makahiki 1924, ma hope o ka olelo hoolaha o ka Manifesto mua o Surrealism, Andre Breton lilo i ke poo o ka neʻeʻana. I loko o kona hale ma luna o Avenue Fontaine wehe hoomaka Buro surreal haʻawina, e hoolaha Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. Ka mea, ua Looks i ka hoʻomaka o ka io hoʻonohonoho 'ana e like Office i wehe i na kulanakauhale he nui a puni ka honua.

Palani Communist haku mele Andre Breton 'Imi paipai aʻo kai eʻe i kona kākoʻo, e hui i ka Communist Party. He ai manaoio aku i loko o ka ideals o communism, a i lanakila 'o ia i ka halawai ana me Lvom Trotskim ma Mexico (aole nae i ia manawa i mua, ua kipaku mai ka Communist Party).

Louis Aragon (1897-1982)

Oiaio Ally a me ka hoa Apollinaire, Louis Aragon ua no Andre Breton ka lima'ākau. Palani haku mele, he Communist a kona hope hanu, i ka 1920 Aragon paʻi i kona mua ohi o poem, "Fireworks", kākau i loko o ka kaila o ka surrealism a me Dadaism.

Ma hope iho o ke komo ana o ka haku mele i loko o ka Communist Party i ka makahiki 1927, a me kana hana ma Breton hoopahaohao. He Aloha ma kekahi mau aoao e ka "leo o ka aoao," a ma ka 1931 ana no ka poem "Red Front", imbued me ka uhane o ka mea pepehi e hōʻeuʻeu ana.

Peru Louis Aragon, a pili ana i ka "History o ka USSR." Nā ideals o communism, kokua aku la oia a hiki i kona make ana, eia nae o kona nā hana heʻuʻuku hoʻi i ka moolelo o ka realism, i nā pōpō i loko o ka "ʻulaʻula."