Ka maikai na hana o Pasternak B:. I ka papa inoa o nā hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo a me nā hōʻike manaʻo

Boris Pasternak - Russian haku mele a me ka mea kākau. He pū nona ka maikai unuhi o Shakespeare a me na 'ē aʻe Classics. Pasternak Ua hookoia ka Nobel uku. No ka mea puke Lūkini kākau moʻolelo loaa i ka 'ihiʻihi ia nā kumu kāki? A me ka mea a Mānoa Ua pâʻani 'o ia ma ka hanana i loko o kona ola ana? Pasternak ka hana - ke kumuhana o ka 'atikala.

Kawaihae

Boris Pasternak Ua hanau ia ma Moscow, i loko o ke ana 'ohana. Koʻu makua kāne i ka artist. Mom - pianist. i ke aupuni 'ka hale o Pasternak ka i loko o ka naʻau o ke kulanakauhale alii. Ka haku mele mai ka wā kamaliʻi hoʻopuniʻia e Artists. O ka hale hana pinepine 'ia e kaulana moʻolelo, Artists a me nā mea hoʻokani pila. Kekahi keʻena Pasternak kipa i ka Rilke. Familiarity me ka German haku mele, hoʻokani haku mele Scriabin a me nā koʻikoʻi kanaka kūlana nui i loko o ka hooulu ana o ka makakū kanaka.

Pasternak ka hana noonoo nā manaʻo i loaa aku la ia e like me ke keiki. I kekahi lā, haule iho la oia ma lalo o ka hahau ana o protesters'ākoakoa ma ka Butcher. Pela oia e kākau makahiki ma hope i loko o kekahi o kona mau poem. I ka wā e hiki mai haku mele,ʻo ia puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe. Kumu ku i ka tenacity a me ka perseverance o ka teenager. Ka manaopaa no ka manao maikai, mea,ʻaʻole e haʻalele i kona ola.

Boris Pasternak, ia puka 'o ia mai ka'āuna kumu o ka kanawai ma Moscow. He aʻo kālaiʻike ma Germany. Me kona mau makua, oia kipa Venice i ka makahiki 1912. Kekahi hana o Pasternak, kākau ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia, ke hoʻouna i Memories o ka huakaʻi maʻEulopa.

I ka 1921, i ka 'ohana i haalele ai ia Rusia. Na makua a me ke kaikuahine i noho ai i loko o Pelelina. Ka haku mele iā ia iho mai ka 1936 intermittently noho ma Peredelkino. Russian mea kākau a me ka haku mele, make iho la i ka 1960. He Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka pā ilina, kahi kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o ka mea kākau ma Peredelkino.

Ka hoʻomaka o kaʻike hoʻokumu

Ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana mai o Hawaii, i ka wā e hiki mai haku mele hoʻoholo i hoʻolaʻaʻia lā, mai kēia manawa ka hapanui o ka manawa i ka study o ke akeakamai. Kēia manawa nei i ka hoʻomaka o kana palapala, ai 'ala. Pasternak ka i kakahiaka nui na hana i hanaia ma lalo o ka aoao o ka hana o Russian Futurists. Mawaena o ka haku mele, ka poe i ma i opuu ae palapala, ai 'ole, mua o nā mea a pau, mākou e hōʻike Vladimir Mayakovsky.

Nā hana kaulana o Pasternak, i ka papa inoa o i ua hōʻike ma lalo nei, i hanaia ma hope o ka kipi. Akā, i ka mua ohi ana o kana mau pepa (essay) ia i paʻi i ka 1913. Naʻe, ka mea komo ole wale i kana hana, aka, i na poem o nā haku mele.

I ka 1916, ua paʻi i ka puke "maluna o ka hoʻi o ke'ākeʻakeʻa". Ma ke kūlana o ka haku mele i ia manawa ia i ke 'ano ua kaulana i loko o ka palapala, ai koʻikoʻi a hanohano Boris Pasternak. Na hana i i komo i loko o kēia ohi: "Marburg", "pa", "ka hooilo lani", "Happiness", "küpinaʻi", "mama ko", "Ural no ka manawa mua", "E uhai-i", "Snowstorm" a me na mea e ae.

"Koʻu kaikuwahine - Life"

Kēia ohi i paʻiʻia ma ka 1922. Hui ma kekahi, he pono ole ka manaʻo i loko o kēia wā Pasternak ka hana. Papa Inoa o ka poem me loko o ka ohi "koʻu kaikuwahine - Life":

1. "Waltz me ka waimaka."
2. "Life".
3. "February, e loaaʻi ka inika a me ka uwe!".
4. "Station".

Memories o ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence Pasternak hui me lyrical hana. Ka papa luna Heʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole exhaustive. Ka hapa nui o na poem i i komo i loko o kēia ohi i hanaia i ka 1917. A i loko o nā makahikiʻelua ma mua o ia kona puke Pasternak kākau ihola i ka poem "Nine haneri a me ka lima o ka makahiki", "Spektorsky", "Lutanela Schmidt".

Ana Aina,

Ma ka hopena o twenties, Boris Pasternak kākau ihola emi poetry. He huli i ka Ana Aina. I mua ka mea, ua uuku (essay), memoirs. I ka 1930, ua paʻi i ka puke "palekana E hana i". I loko o kēia wā, i ka mana no i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, aole i pono maoli nō. Eia naʻe, koke kona pili i ka wā e hiki mai mea kākau o ka puke "Kauka Zhivago" Ua loli.

i loko o ka doghouse

Kekahi manawa Pasternak ia me ka kekahi mahalo, a hiki mahalo no Stalin. Ma hope iho o ka hopu ia ana o Gumilev kakau iho la oia ia ia i ka palapala i loko o ka mea ana i noi ai no ke kala ana o ka haku mele. Ke noi ia i. A koke hookuu. Akā, pili aloha ma waena Pasternak a me ka Soviet aupuni i ka vinega i ka 1936. Mai ka haku mele, hoomaka ae la e koi ideological maʻiʻo, a ma kana mau palapala i i manao he aloha nui. Pasternak, ma ka huli, uaʻaʻole hiki ke halawai me keia koi. I kona mau poem hoomaka ae la e hōʻike hou aku a oi maopopo i ka lono kaumaha malu.

ka unuhi 'ana

Ma ka forties, emi kakau iho la Boris Pasternak. Famous hana o Shakespeare, Goethe, Schiller i ua hoolilo ia ia. Pela oia i hoola mai i kona ohana, mai ka nele o ke kala. Akā,ʻo ia ma hope e hookomoia mai anaʻo ia i hoʻohala ai i kona oi makahiki i wehe 'ia', oiai nae hiki ke hana i ka hailona o lyric a me ka Ana Aina hana. A hiki i ka pauʻana o nā lā, ka mea kākau i loko o ka doghouse. Ma ka paʻi ana o kana mau hana, a me ka mai o ka ninau.

Pasternak, nona ka maikai hana wale nō i loko o ka hopena o eighties iʻikeʻia i Soviet heluhelu, Ua rehabilitated ma hope o kona make ana. I ka 1988, i ka puke "Kauka Zhivago" Ua mua paʻiʻia i loko o ka Soviet Union. Ua ua wale i loko o ka nineties komo i ka polokalamu poetry i kakau iho Boris Pasternak.

Ka Nobel uku

No ka mea hana ia i hookoia i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o kēia 'ihiʻihi ia nā kumu kāki? Ua heluheluʻia wale nō ke kaupalena helu o nā kanaka i ka puke "Kauka Zhivago", paʻiʻia ma 1958 ma ka Soviet Union. Nobel makana i kumu kāki no ka mea kākau moʻolelo no kona makana i ka kūpono 'ana o ka moʻolelo Lūkini puke. Ua kapaia Soviet luna e like me ka puke "Kauka Zhivago" he haukaʻe. Ma ka aina, kau i ka palu hoomaka.

Pasternak i kipaku mai i ka mea kākau 'Union. About ia ia i haku huhu 'atikala ma koʻikoʻi moʻolelo, a me Sergei Mikhalkov. ninau mai la Semiofficial 'elele o ka Soviet Ana Aina, e' auʻai ka mea kākau o ka controversial puke o ke kupa, a kipaku mai i ka aina. Pasternak, a hiki i kaʻoliʻoli o kona poe enemi, e kau aku, akā,ʻo ia, ua oi aku ua kaulana maʻEulopa. Kahaha ko oukou naau i ka mea i ka puke i nema aku ma na mea he nui. Akā, kokoke i heluhelu i kekahi o ia mea.

Ma hope, haku mele, palapala iho la i ka poem i kapaia "Nobel waiwai pio". No keia hana, ua kiiia aku ai i ka Lubyanka. Kēia manawaʻo ia i maoli hooweliweli e ka ahewa ana o ka "kipi." Akā, mea pōmaikaʻi, i ka mea e hiki mai ai.

No laila, Pasternak i ka lua o ka Russian Nobel laureate no ka moʻokalaleo. Ka mea mua o Ivan Bunin. Ka puke, no ka mea, ua i i hookoia ai ka makana, i kapaʻia ka lōʻihi nä Temepela i loko o kona'āina. He aha i hana i hunaahi nui ka inaina?

"Kauka Zhivago"

A huahana mea i kena ae la i kaʻino o ka inaina, e haʻi ana i ka hopena o ke keiki a ka bankrupt pāʻoihana. Ka protagonist - Yuri Zhivago - he mamo o ka manawa hookahi waiwai ohana. Akā, ua squandered i kona makua kāne i ka holoʻokoʻa pōmaikaʻi ma ka carousing. Ke meʻe o ka puke i ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' o ka noho male Gromeko. Yuri ulu a me kā lākou mau kaikamahine, Tonya, ka poe hope e lilo i kana wahine.

Yuri lilo i kauka. Once, ka wā aʻu i no kekahi haumāna,ʻo iaʻike maka i ka lono kaumaha loa: kaikamahine i ka hoao e pepehi i ka luawai-ike Moscow loio Komarovsky. Kēia kanaka i kekahi manawa i kona lima ma ka hiolo ana o ke ola dissolute makuakane. Yuri hoomanao mau kaikamahine, ho'āʻo e pana Komarovsky. Kona inoa ua Larissa. Lilo mai ia i wahine, makahiki ma hope, i ka First World War, ka wā Yuri i kekahi kauka o kekahi o ka moku'āina Ho 'Oponopono.

Ke kivila kaua Ua huli na mea a pau i lalo ke alo. Zhivago hoʻi i Moscow, akā, i loko o ka hale, kahi o kona wā'ōpiopio, ua lilo, ua manawa Mea hoʻolako kikowaena i ka janitor Markel. Me Yuri ka mea, e olelo okoa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, aia no he olelo: ka mea ua ole i na mea a pau, e. Zhivago mare Markel ke kaikamahine a koke make ana o ka naau hoouka. Ka hope mokuna o ka puke, aia mea he hālāwai o nā hoa Zhivago. Kekahi o ia mau mea - Michael Gordon - ike lea i ka extramarital kaikamahine o George a me ka mea i ka ohi ana o kona mau poem. I waena o kēia mau poetic hana:

1. "Kauhale".
2. "Ma o ka Uhane."
3. "Wedding".
4. "Akuma ka".
5. "White Night".
6. "Lana I Dawn."
7. "Winter Night".
8. "Hana mana".
9. "Magedala."
10. "Ka ino lā."