Ka mōʻaukala, a me ka heluna o ka Kaliningrad māhele. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kulanakauhale o Amber aina

Ke Kaliningrad māhele Ua kū hoʻokahi i loko o na aoao. He ka westernmost o ka Russian Hui, a me ka wale enclave loko ia. Kaliningrad Māhele 'ka heluna o ethnically like, a me kona mau kūlanakauhale - he kūikawā kuhikuhipuʻuone me ka hoʻopā o East Prussian.

Kaliningrad māhele - i kū hoʻokahi a me ka hana hoihoi palena

Ma ka hopena o ke Kaua Honua II, April 7, 1946, Koenigsberg māhele 'āina i hana. A mau mahina ma hope ka mea, loaa ae nei i kona keia inoa. Kēia mea he mea kupaianaha a me ka loa lei aina o Rusia, a mea he wahi lihi iki o ka mea kū hoʻokahi.

Mua o nā mea a pau, i ka aina a i ole, he pono ole'āina palena a me ke koena o Rusia. Ma ka hema ia kona palena me Poland ma ka akau a me ka hikina - me Lithuania. Mai ke komohana ka mea, ua holoi ma ka wai o ka Baltic Sea me. Ke iauae ieiuaae o ka Kaliningrad māhele - he uuku oi aku mamua o 15 tausani kapuaʻi kuea kilomika. 'O kēia kekahi o ka muli loa o ka RF makaainana.

Kaliningrad nui māhele'āina heluna - 976.000 kanaka (i ka 2016). Kēia māhele o Rusia hea ka mea me Europa,ʻaʻole wale geographically, akā, i mentally. Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone helehelena o ka wahi mea ole emi hana hoihoi. Old German kuhikuhipuʻuone ua hui me ka papakaukau Soviet-au hale a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone.

Kaliningrad ka māhele no hoi e loli ai i kona kumu waiwai. Mua o nā mea a pau ia mea, o ka papa, e pili ana i Amber. Ma Russian māhele'āina hoike no ma kahi o 90% o global? Iecaianoaaiiuo o "wāwahie kēpau".

Akā, i ke kū hoʻokahi o ka mea maoli Amber kaʻe mea i kaupalena. No laila, i loko o ka Kaliningrad māhele o ka mea wale kekahi i loko o ka Baltic kai, hau-noa awa, i ke ao nei ka loihi one kuha (UNESCO e hoomalu ana), 'Amelika tidara ulu ka' me ka haa ana Forest 'me oddly i hilo laau nui ilpko o, a mea' ē aʻe hana hoihoi a me ka hana.

Mōʻaukala o ka wahi

No ka lōʻihi manawa keia wahi ua he nui moʻomeheu mawaena konu o East Prussia. Kēia mea wehewehe i ka hailona "Kelemānia" ko läkou 'i loko o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale o na kēia Kaliningrad māhele' āina: nā pōhaku lepo ekalesia, e hooikaika ana, pakaua, kahiko ia n oaa pohaku ma na alanui, a pela aku ..

No kekahi mau kenekulia, Ua puʻunaueʻia ka'āina ma waena oʻauamo, a me ka Lithuanians, kēia kanaka Kelemānia a me Russian. Ma postwar makahiki 1945, e like me ka hoʻoholo i ma ka Yalta a me Potsdam me ka hālāwai kūkā, Amber hele ai i ka lihi o ka USSR. July 4, 1946 na kahiko Königsberg i Kapa hou i ke Kaliningrad, a me ka wahi la ia mea e like me Kaliningrad.

Ke kaua ua kena ae la, alahula mau poino i ka māhele 'āina. Ua lukuia ka hapalua o kona hanalima eiiieaena. About 80% o ka waihona kālā hale o ka mea kahiko Königsberg i luku. A pau na ke kālā e kūkulu hou i ke kulanakauhale, a me ka māhele o ka hoʻokele waiwai haule iho la ia ma luna o nā poʻohiwi hookahe protracted kaua Soviet rula.

Kaliningrad Māhele '

Ka hooponopono kia-kaua o ka Kaliningrad māhele ua kapaia ka nui migrations i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Soviet Union. I ka pau ana o na 40sʻaneʻi massively houluulu kanaka, mai nā wahi likeʻole o ke aupuni a pau - mai Rusia, Belarus, Ukraine,'Ararata, Uzbekistan. I ka Ia manawa i ka māhele 'āina i deported kahiko no Kelemānia heluna.

No ka mea mua ekolu Mail-kaua makahiki (1950 a hiki i 1979) ka heluna o ka Kaliningrad māhele ulu pono i nā manawaʻelua. Ma nā makahiki, i ka helu ana o kanaka i loko o kēia māhele o ka aina, aole nae lohi, akā, e ulu ana. E like me ka helu wehewehe nā wānana waiwai, ma ka 2030 i ka heluna kanaka o ka aina, e lanakila i ka'ākeʻakeʻa mai o kekahi miliona kanaka.

I kēia lā, i loko o ka Kaliningrad māhele 'āina noho ma ka' elele o nā lāhui kanaka a me nā nationalities. Ka nui o ia mau mea:

• Russian (82%);
• Ukrainian (3.5%);
• Byelorussians (3,4%);
• Lituania (1%);
• Armenian (1%);
• Kēia kanaka Kelemānia (emi o 1%);
• Tatar (emi o 1%).

Hoikehonua, aaieieno-ia kenekoa mahele o ka māhele 'āina

Pehea na aaieieno huahelu o ka Kaliningrad māhele 'āina? Mau mea o ka Western māhele o ka Russian Hui i loa okoa mai kekahi i kekahi ma ka nui a me ka heluna kanaka. A nui o ka 15. Ka nui wahi i loko o ka māhele 'āina - Slavskii (me ka ia hoʻomalu waena), a me ka mea liilii loa - Svetlogorsk.

Hoʻomalu mahele māhele no hoi ua hoakaka no ka mahele i loko o nā 'āina' kulanakauhale cia (loaʻa nō 6) a me ka mea uuku kūlanakauhale (kekahi).

Kaliningrad Māhele 'Cities

I ka nui o ka urbanization i loko o ka māhele 'āina Ua nui nui iho la ia. He ma kahi o 77%. A pau i loko o ka aina, ma laila nō 22 mau kulanakauhale. Ke hoʻomalu waena o ka aina o Kaliningrad, i ka hale i ka aneane 60% o ka huina heluna kanaka o ka aina.

Ka nui loa nā kūlanakauhale o ka Kaliningrad māhele e heluʻia i loko o ka papaʻaina (me ka inoa kahiko, a me ka helu o ka poʻe e noho ana):

Ma hua'ōlelo o oo? Ecia ka loa hoihoi 'kulanakauhale: Kaliningrad, Baltiysk, Chernyakhovsk, Pravdinsk, Neman Zelenogradsk.

Kaliningrad ka honua kaulana no kona Amber Museum, i ka hale kupapau o ka poe akeakamai Kant, e like me kekahi mau kakini Fortova iauaeoia. Pravdinsk, aʻo 'ia, Chernyakhovsk a me Sovietsk,ʻo iauaeoia oo? Ecia mea kahiko o ka German kuhikuhipuʻuone a me Baltic Neman - no kona lehulehu mōʻaukala kia hoʻomanaʻo i. Svetlogorsk a Zelenogradsk - i ka papa kuhikuhiE hokele o ka Kaliningrad māhele.