Ke kokua aneea oneiaey: na waonahele, kalaka nui-na waonahele, steppes. Khan-Tengri. aneea oneiaey muliwai

Aneea oneiaey kokua ia ka'āina e lauwili. E ike i keia, mea, ke kala ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa kilohi ma ka physical palapala o ke aupuni. Akā mākou e hana ia oi loa, a ma ka au mamuli e hai aku ia oe e pili ana i ka mauna, papu, na waonahele, muliwai a me kekahi o ka nui mau mea o Eurasia.

He Hoikehonua, o aneea oneiaey (pokole): ka wahi a me ka palena

Aneea oneiaey - ka nui landlocked aupuni i loko o ke ao nei (ke olelo nei au ia mau States i i ole holoi i ka World Ocean). Kona wahi mea 2,72 miliona sq. M. ei a me ka huina lōʻihi o ka palena - oi ma mua o 13 tausani kilomika. Eia hou, ka mea, o ka lua o ka nui loa aupuni i loko o ke ao nei, mai waena o ka poe i i waiho i loko o nā māhele o ke ao nei (Via aneea oneiaey hōʻailona a me ka mokuna ma waena o Europa a me Asia).

A nui wahi o ka aina pili kēia e hoʻoholo i ke 'ano o kona Landskap, a kūlohelohe eiiieaenu. He Hoikehonua aneea oneiaey mea hana hoihoi 'a loa ka nohona. Mea mea: ma naʻe o ka nui aina āpana, elima wale hoalauna aneea oneiaey. He pololei ma ka palena me Kina, Rusia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan a me Kyrgyzstan.

Ka mokuna ma waena o Europa a me Asia ua paa ia ma Aktobe māhele 'āina i loko o ke aupuni. Loa pinepine ka mea, ua lawe mai ma luna o ka hikina? Uyie aa? O Mugodzhary, laila ma ka muliwai Emba a me Caspian Sea.

Aneea oneiaey kokua hookoaiaʻe e kiʻekiʻe Akä naÿe. O ka huina vertical kulu i loko o ka'āina o ka oi ma mua o 7000 mika! Aneea oneiaey Ka Huliau - pakiko Hawaiian, a, aole i maloo. I ke kau, he mea pinepine he debilitating wela, a me ka hooilo - loa anu (ia i -40 kekelē Kelekia ma). Kakahiaka nui waipuna ma aneea oneiaey climatic Akä naÿe no nä mea oi loa kekahi 'wā ke kūkulu'ākau ua mau nō ka pikipiki'ō snowstorms ma ka hema, he laau e ulu nui.

Next, ua wehewehe nui lāliʻi e pili ana i ka mea hana hoihoi a me ka kokua hiʻona o aneea oneiaey. Kahi i loko o ka'āina 'oe ke' ike i ke kuahiwi? Auhea la na papu, a ma - ka wao nahele?

Common hiʻona o aneea oneiaey ke ola

About 15% o ka ?? eoi? E ku ma ka mauna papa koa a me nā kualono, ma kahi o 30% - o ka pāpū a me plateaus, 10% - kaumaha, 45% - o ka wao nahele, a kalaka nui-waonahele no hoi ia. Na mea e lauwili'āina o aneea oneiaey wehewehe muli o kona kulana luna 'ā ina' ole o ka wahi. Ke aupuni o Nyos i loko o ka wahi, kahi converge ka pilina paʻa East-Europa anuu, hoʻoneʻe Alpine kāʻei, a pelupelu ia hale Ural-Mongolian kāʻei.

Kū hoʻokahi hiʻona o ke kokua ana o aneea oneiaey i kekahi i loko o ka nui kulu i loko o kiʻekiʻena i loko o ka moku'āina. Ke'ī mai, ka mea haahaa wahi ma ka aina ua aia ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Caspian Sea (Karagiye, 132 mika ma lalo ilikai). A eia no ke kiekie loa ma ka aneane 7000 mika (ka piko o Khan Tengri ma ka hema-hikina o ka aina) ihoiho.

Ka mea kiekie loa mauna ma aneea oneiaey ua kia ma ka hikina a me ka hema-hikina palena o ka moku'āina. It Hawaiian aaaaoaeneiai, Jungar aaioea a me ka Tien Betesana mai. Eia hou, i ke kūkulu'ākau o ka hema kihi o ka Ural mauna laulā.

Na papu o aneea oneiaey aia ma ka akau, ma ke kikowaena a me ka akau-komohana o ka moku'āina. Ma ke komohana, a ma ka hema ua Kīwala'ō ma lalo papu. Mai ke kūkulu'ākau a hiki i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka ainaʻoki lōʻihi Turgai pa i loko i ka e kona aoao elua nui muliwai o aneea oneiaey - Tobol a me Turgay.

Nahele no hoi ia noho nui mau mea i loko o ke komohana (i loko o ka Caspian māhele) ma ka hema, a ma ka Central-hikina hapa o ka aina.

Hydrology aneea oneiaey

I loko o ke aupuni holo oi ma mua o 85 tausani maoli muliwai. Ka nui loa muliwai o aneea oneiaey - o ka Ural, Tobol, Ishim, Ili a me Syr Darya. Ka loa anuanu muliwai aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'Ua ano o ka mauna wahi, a me nā maka'āinana, ike i loko o ka wahi o ka waonahele. Ka hapa nui o ko aneea oneiaey ka muliwai e lawe aku i ko lākou wai i ke aeuneii? A Caspian moana.

He nui ma aneea oneiaey, a ic ??. Eia naʻe, nui kino o ka wai, o kona wahi aku i 100ʻahā like kilomika, wale 21. O - ka Caspian, a me ka aeuneii? Kai, Balkhash, Tengiz, Alakol a me na mea e ae. Ka hapa nui o na aieou i loko o ke aupuni ua kia ma kona'ākau a me ka Central wahi.

Ma aneea oneiaey, he mea no hoi 13ʻimi hoʻopunipuni Reservoir. Ka huina o ka leo o ka wai ma loko mea e pili ana i 87 tausani cubic. ei.

Kazakh hehi

Steppes a kalaka nui-nahele no hoi ia ma ka huina uhi ma kahi o 70% o ka aina o ka Central hawaiian aupuni. He nui o ko lākou mau kahua i loko o kona palapala palapala a mea negligible like Hoʻololi 'ia e kanaka hana.

Aneea oneiaey hehi hiki i ka palahalaha kāʻei o ka aneane 2000 kilomika, mai ka Ural muliwai awawa ma ke komohana a hiki i ka Hawaiian Mountains - ma ka hikina. Ma hua'ōlelo o ka wahi ia o ka nui loa e kaua ana o kahi hehi Landskap i loko o ke ao nei. Ke aniau Ua Hawaiian a me ka loa maloo: awelika makahiki ii iai kākaʻikahi aku i 350-400 mm o.

Aie i ka nele o ka ona mau i loko o ka aneea oneiaey steppes kanu mea hiki ole no ia, aohe mea kokokeʻaʻohe laau. Akā, ia mea waiwai i loko o? Aaoa, a? Ueo 'ano. Eia ka mauʻano o nā kūlana mammals: saiga, marmot, hehi pika, i hahaiia dia a me na mea e ae. No emi waiwai avifauna o kēia māhele. Ma ka steppes o aneea oneiaey, e hiki ke 'imi i kaʻaeto,ʻeleʻele lark, a pink pelikana,ʻeleʻele kikonia, flamingo, manu, gulaʻaeto, keʻokeʻo-waʻa, aeto.

Ka loa nani a me ka nani loa Kazakh hehi i loko o ka makahiki hou, i ka mua, a me ka waena o Mei. Ka mea, ua i keia manawa, he mau pua i Lanai, irises a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe huali onionio, huli oho, lifeless wahi i loko o ka lei moena o na tausani o ka flowering mea kanu kahua.

Kazakh waonahele no hoi ia

Nahele no hoi ia, a kalaka nui-nahele no hoi ia noho kokoke ka hapalua o ka aina o aneea oneiaey. Ka mea,'ō kokoke ana loloa o ka mokuna o ka aeuneii? Kai a hiki i ka mauna papa koa o ka hikina hapa o ka aina. Aneea oneiaey haʻalele nui, a poorly exploited: ka mea, kākaʻikahi i lalo a me ka hihiu Landskap enliven i ka moku kauhale a me ka nani loa puʻu a me huakaʻi phlegmatic kāmelo.

I loko o ka wao nahele o aneea oneiaey halawai mai la me ka laulāʻano o aaiaoe oeiia: kahi pohaku, one, pohaku paopaoia, lepo a me ka Saline.

Desert Betpak Dala wahi a ma kahi o 75,000ʻahā like kilomika, ua aia i loko o ka naʻau o ke aupuni. Ke kokua Ua hoomakaukau me ka i lalo papu awelika kiekie o 300-400 mika. Ka luna hoʻomalu mau loa wela a me ka maloo, ii iai Ua emi o 150 mm o no ka makahiki. Ke kaumaha o ka wao nahele, e halii mai paakai wahi lepo wai, a bizarre i loko o kona mawaho wale takyrs.

A hiki i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka pili-pak-Dala ke aupuni 'Moyynkum Sands. E like me ia i kēia wao nahele āpana mea aneane hapalua. Ma ka aoao hema ka mea, ua kau palena ia ana e kiʻekiʻe mauna puu o Karatau a me Kyrgyz aaioea. Alaila, o ka awelika kiʻekiʻena mea kiekie ae - 700-800 mika. Ka Huliau moe i ka 300 mm o no ka makahiki mea he uuku softer, ka lewa ke kimu ole. No nā hana o ka wao nahele hoʻohana ma na kamaaina iʻai no nā holoholona.

Nā hale o ka Ural mauna kāʻei

I kaulana ma luna, i loko o aneea oneiaey o ka hema kihi o ka Ural mauna aupuni. Eia ka mea, ua hōʻike mai iā ia Preduralsky a me Zauralskaya plateau Mugodzhary mauna, e like me kekahi mau liʻiliʻi kualono a me nā kualono (Shirkala, Shoshkakol a me na mea e ae).

Preduralsky plateau'ōʻia ma waena o ka Caspian kai ma ke komohana, a ma ka hikina Mugodzhary. Ua kiʻekiʻe o emi i ka komohana a me ka hema-komohana, he ala apuupuu hoʻololi i loko o slaboholmistuyu papu. Ka awelika kiʻekiʻe o ka plateau - 150-300 mika luna o kaʻilikai.

Mugodzhary - loa hema wini kakala o ka Ural mauna me altitudes mai i ka 657 mika (i ka piko o ka mauna Boktybay). Mau mauna, ma ka mea, ho i ka lei o ka haʻahaʻa, a no ka papau puu uhi me sparse kanu. Wahi relict birch kii o Aseterota. Mugodzhary - nui i kumu o ka maka mea i loko o aneea oneiaey. Eia koʻu mau iliili a me nā pōhaku hale.

Mauna o ka hikina a me ka hema-hikina aneea oneiaey

Ka loa mauna loa o aneea oneiaey - ma ka hikina a me ka hema-hikina o ka aina. Here mimiki papa koa o ka Hawaiian a? Aaaaoaeneiai kaawale pa holoi o Lake Zaisan. Ma ka palena me Kina a me Kyrgyzstan kīkoʻo kū'ē i ka Tien-Betesana mai. Ma ke alanui, eia ka mea, o ka mea kiekie loa i loko o ke aupuni. Ma ka hema-hikina hapa o aneea oneiaey i ka helu ana i kahi mauna kiekie papa koa: Karatau, Junggar a me Ile aaioea, Toksanbay a me na mea e ae.

I loko o ka Karaganda māhele 'āina i Karkaralinsky Mountains. Kēia e kū'ē i ua haku kuhikuhi o ka māpala, quartzite a me porphyrites ike waiwai hoʻokomo kālā a me polymetallic i eliia.

Ma ka hema aia no he nui, a nui Waimanalo lapa Karatau (ka Tien Betesana mai). Aia nā kahua lehulehu o kahiko ke kanaka i loaʻa. Ma keia hanana, i ka lapa mea he moho no ka inclusion i loko o ka 'ohana ka palekana UNESCO. An e kū'ē i ka luna 'Karatau kekahi mau pōhaku: sandstones, shales, limestones, a me ka' ē aʻe. Kona palena i laha karst keʻano o ka hanaʻana a me kaʻike manaʻo. Ma nā kumu o ka Karatau uranium koʻu kino, a me ka hao, i eliia, e like me posapahate.

plateau Mangyshlak

Mangyshlak plateau (Mangystau ole) aia ma luna o ka mea hookahi, Peninsula i loko o ka komohana hapa o ka aina. Kona awelike kiʻekiʻe - 200-300 mika luna o kaʻilikai. Mai ke kūkulu'ākau plateau moe ma ka mauna me nā elevations o Mangistau i 556 mau mika. Ma ka hikina, ka mea ae smoothly i loko o ka e pili plateau Ustyurt.

Aia nō ma ka liʻiliʻiʻelua wale nō o ke kumu o ka inoa o ka plateau. No ka laʻana, i ka hua'ōlelo "Mangistau" translates mai ka Kazakh'ōlelo me "he tausani ka hooilo." Akā, me ka Turkmen noiʻi K. Annaniyazov hua'ōlelo "mangylshak" translates like "nui kulanakauhale." I Soviet wa, no keia lole apo la i ka inoa Mangyshlak, akā, i ke kālā no aneea oneiaey i kona inoa mua okoa - Mangystau.

"Desert. Loa me kekahi mea kanu -ʻo one pohaku "- no laila hōʻike i kēia mau wahi kaulana Ukrainian haku mele Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko. Aia hoʻi, ke aniau mea ikaika Hawaiian a me ka mea loa maloo, na muliwai a me perennial kahawaiʻaneʻane, aole. Ke kūloko wahi mea waiwai ao o ka manu, o ka i laila, he nui ma mua o ka mea, i na haneri o nāʻano.

Mangyshlak Plateau mea waiwai ma ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai. Aia mau hoʻokomo kālā o kaʻaila, keleawe, manganese na mea i eliia, pōhaku aniani a me ka pōhaku posapahate. Mangyshlak hoi he wahi lihi iki o ke kumu o ka hoola ana i mea pōhaku wai: koloriside, bromide a me ka paʻakai.

I ka oi hana hoihoi i ke plateau Mangyshlak? Not e hōʻike i ka mea e ma kona hikina nuku i hana i nā hana Karagiye - ka hohonu i loko o aneea oneiaey a me kekahi o ka hohonu i loko o ke ao nei. Ua Ua Aia ma ka 132 mika ma lalo ilikai.

Caspian kaumaha

Ma ka mauna papa koa, papu, steppes a me nā wahi nahele no hoi o aneea oneiaey, ua i hai aku ai mamua. Akā, ma ka hōʻike o ke kokua ana o keia aina makemake ole e piha me ka hoomanao ana o kona lua awāwa.

Caspian kaumaha - he nui wahi i loko o ka wahi o ka 200 tausani kapuaʻi kuea kilomika ('ōlelo koʻikoʻi akulaʻo ia wahi ninoaaeyao ka Lepupalika o Belarus). Ua ua moe ma ka'ākau hapa o ka Caspian Sea. Ma keia hihia, i ka'ākau palena awawa puʻu Common Syrt, a mai ke komohana - ka Ural a me Ustyurt plateau. Awawa i ka palapala kūpono kou Kaulu, iki ihola i ka Caspian Sea. Ke loa kiʻekiʻe o kona huahelu mai -30 a hiki i 150 mau mika ma luna o ka ilikai.

Caspian awāwa kela aoao o ke awawa o ka elima muliwai: ka Volga, Ural, Emba, Terek a me Kuma. I loko o ke kai - ka hailonaʻana no ka papau o ic ??, mai i ka paakai ua o koʻu mau 'Imi.

Ke aniau Ua ikaika Hawaiian a me ka maloo, wela makani i pinepine. Ma ka akau loa o na awawa ulu awaawa-mauu hehi, a ma ka hema ua Kīwala'ō ma ka wao akua, a me ka kalaka nui-waonahele Landskap. Pinepine ma laila nō ka paʻakai palu ai nā'īlio a me ka paʻakai wahi lepo wai. Na kamaaina e hoʻohana i ka Caspian papu like me ka nui wahi eʻai ai. Ua hoi e hoʻomōhala ana iʻai a me Melons.

Ka mea kiekie loa piko ma aneea oneiaey

Khan Tengri - kuhikuhi mai la lakou pyramidal piko o ka Tien Betesana mai, ka mea kiekie loa i loko o aneea oneiaey. Ke loa kiʻekiʻe o nā mauna - 6995 mika, me ka manao o ka hau iwi - 7010 mika.

Formally Mount Khan-Tengri mea ma na crossroads oʻekolu nō'āina: aneea oneiaey, Kyrgyzstan a me Kina - penei symbolizing maluhia a me ka pili aloha ma waena o nā'āina ekolu. Ka mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o keia mauna, climbers lanakila Soviet Mikhail Pogrebetskiy Boris Tyurin a me Manuela Zauberer. Ua hiki i ka 1931. Ka pūʻulu Ua maikaʻi kahikoia i ka hihia o ke kaua Basmachi - partisans ka poe i kaua aku ma mua i ke Soviets ma Central Asia.

6 hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo e pili ana i ka luna o Khan Tengri:

• ma ka piko he mea ka lua o ka inoa - Koko Mountain (aie a hiki i ka helu nui o climbers i make ana e piʻi ma luna o ka mea);
• ua loaʻa he 25 okoa? ooia, a oe ke piʻi i ka luna;
• ma luna o ka mea kanu i ka kūikawā mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku i loko i nā mea a pau climbers haʻalele lākou mau manaʻo kōkua kēia kona lanakila;
• ike climber Anatoly Bukreyev ka inoa o keia piko loa maikai ma ka Honua;
• i ka 2002 ma Kyrgyzstan palapala i ka banknote o 100 soms me ke kiʻi o ka piko;
• mooolelo no ka hapanui kahi i piʻi o Khan Tengri mea he climber Gleb Sokolov mai Novosibirsk, ka mea i kū aʻela ia i ka luna 34 manawa!