Ke Palani haku mele Pol Elyuar: Kawaihae a me na hana

Mawaena o ka Palani haku mele o ka 20th kenekulia ka mea, he nui loa io loea kanaka. I loko nō o ka mea i na Ewa, hanana ma Europe "ke olonā wāwae" e pono kanaka ka mea kiʻekiʻe-ka pono a me ke kālā no moʻokalaleo, ua hiki ke hana i kekahi hou nō, i loaʻa apono ana mawaena o na kanaka e ho'ōla i ka pae ana o makakū kanaka.

Kekahi o na kanaka haku o ka "hou moʻokalaleo" ua Pol Elyuar. Ka haku mele i ua hoano e he nui pōʻino nui, akā, i i hooki ma ke ala e hiki ai i kona papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu - e hana hou wale o ke ola a me ka holomua o ka'ōlelo 'ano apau loa. Ke kaulana Pol Elyuar, kahi āna i hānauʻia ai, i ka mea āna i noho ai, i kona makakū successes a me ka hoʻolako 'ole' - kēia mau mea a pau i ka ike i ka peahi o Classic Palani moʻokalaleo.

I kakahiaka nui makahiki o ka haku mele

Eugene-Emile-Paul Grendel (Alia Pol Elyuar) Ua hanau December 14, 1895 ma Saint-Denis, France. Kela manawa, i ka makahiki 1908, i ke aloha i ka maikaʻi hana Makua Paul, ka mea i komo i loko o maoli waiwai, hoʻoneʻe ka ohana i Paris. I mau, Grendel he pono hiki ke hoʻolimalima hale maikai hale noho, a? Aaoee, eia nae ka mea, ua i nui loa kona waiwai.

Eugene-Emile-Pol Ros akamai kao me ka nuiʻia. He mea pilikia i komo kiekie puka mua Academy, hookipa mai i ka palapala me ka kiʻekiʻeʻai. Na mea kuka - e hoʻomau lākou hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka 'oihana nui.

Akā, pilikia-noa wā e hiki mai ke olonā wāwae ola: i loko o ka makahiki 1912, ma ka holo ana a hiki i Kuikilana, he wā e hiki mai haku mele nui huai ae pulmonary insufficiency, etc. - tuberculosis. ia, e haʻalele, a hele i ka sanatorium a 1914 haʻawina. Akā, ma muli naʻe ola pilikia o, ka wā i 'ano ana, a me ka Pol Elyuar me kona wā e hiki mai wahine - Elena Dyakonov. Beautiful, akamai, akamai kaikamahine e like Paulo ma ka 'ļ'.

Ua koke Amelika Huipû i ka naau o Paulo, aʻo ia i hoʻomaka e kākau i kana hana mua. Pehea e hōʻike ka wā i piha i ka haku mele mua poem boyish, ka mea i awkwardly palapala, akā, sensually. A laila, hiki mai ka mua ohi, i haawi Eluard ma kona mau lilo.

"Gala", aloha pumehana,ʻikeʻia me Elenu Elyuar, puʻe wale akula kēlā, e hele aku i Rusia. Ipo makemake e kiʻi mare, akā, me kona makuwahine i nā mahinaʻai e ku e ia i ka hui ana. I ka wā e hiki mai, i kēia, e loli i ka wahine haku mele, a me e ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE kukakuka iho. ʻOiai ma ka wahi mua mau hana ma luna o ka lua, manao iho la Pol Elyuar - 'ohana. Photos i i ua hoolaia a hiki i kēia lā, e hōʻike ana i loko o ka wahi mua, aole ia i waiho ia ka hoʻoponopono-hoʻi.

War - like me ka hou kahua o kaʻike hoʻokumu

I ka 1914, Eluard mobilize i ke alo. A mau makahiki, no ka ola pilikia, Paul ua puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka "noho" i loko o ka haukapila. Aiaʻo ia i loaʻa i mua i ke kaua "he maka no he maka", hoʻomaka e manaʻo e pili ana i kona ola.

Up i 1917 Eluard, a aole i loaa a hiki i ke alo. Ilihune ola Make iho ike, pono i ke kaua,ʻo ia hiki ole ia. A laila, loaʻa nō i kona hou hana e hui pu iho kūlana uʻi a moe a me ka paakiki pōhaku kaua. Ua hua mai la i ke ahiahi, he uuku puke noke o poem "hana", kahi no ka manawa mua i kakauinoaia e ka pseudonym Paul Eluard - i kapaia kupunawahine.

Ma ke alo o ka haku mele, e hina ia no kekahi mau pule, kahi aie i ka poe ilihune olelo o kona hoʻomaka ola complications. Kēia ka hoao ana no ka wa pau etched i loko o ka hoomanao ana o ka haku mele, a i alakaʻi ai iā ia. Paul ike i ke au hou e hele mai ana, hoʻomaopopo i ka like ole ke ola ana o ke koa i loko o ka 'auwaha, a me ke koa i ka hale.

Ke hou kia-kaua a pau au

I ka 1917 hoi i France Gala oia, a Paul hope lālau i kona i kana wahine. Elena a kaua Memories lilo i ka papa kuhikuhiE ulu ana o ka haku mele, e hāʻawi mai iā ia i ka makemake e ola. A makahiki ma hope, i ka 'ohana i he kaikamahine Cecile a me Paulo, kuu i ka ohi ana o "poem ma peacetime."

Postwar France intelligentsia 'Aʻole i ka hoihoi o ka manaolana. Me ka Poeikohoia o oe a like me na kumu hou a me ka mahaloia LIKE, a "he mea o ke kenekulia." 'Ōlelo a me ka moʻomeheu periodicals lilo ana hōʻike, a me ka ua i ka pono no ka mea hou.

Dada i loko o nā hana o Eluard

Soon, Pol Elyuar, "loaa oia ia ia iho" i waena o nā lālā o ke kaiāulu, "Dada." Aia i hele i kanaka me ka like ola me ka make, ka poe i hoihoi i ka moʻomeheu 'ana i loko o Farani a meʻEulopa. Aia, i ka wā e hiki mai haku mele nui ke loaʻa i pili wale no ia ia, ma ka uhane hoa, akā, no hoi, e hoʻomaka ka palapala, ai ho okolohua.

Soon, Paul OOOXO iho Magazine i kapaia o "hua olelo nane" (Proverbe). Aia i pai he nui o kana mau hana, e like me nā hana o ka Dadaists. Akā, me ka pilina me nā hoapili deteriorate, i ko lakou ike diverge, a ma ka makahiki 1924, Paul, ma hope o ke kaua me kekahi o na lala o ka pae, e 'ōlelo kona hana i loko o ka "Dada", i loko nō o ka mastermind ma ke kua o ka pae no na makahiki.

Manawa surreal nō

I ka makahiki 1924, ke ola Eluard ke hele pouli koa. Family pilikia, manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē a me na makua, me ka nele o ka "hoa" ma o ka hoʻokumu o ka ino ole ma luna o ka naʻau i loko o ka haku mele, aʻo ia nō, e hele i Marseille. Ma hope o ka lehulehu ākea o ka "E make no ka mea, i ole make," oia ho opa ao lau me ka hai ana kekahi mea, a hiki i kona hea ka hoahanau, a me kana wahine, manaoio aku la ia ua make.

I ka hapalua o ka makahiki hele i ke ao nei, ma hope o ka palapala i kana wahine ma Asia hele pu me Maksom Ernstom a me Paulo ma hope o kona hiki ana i ka hale mea e pili ana i ka "kino" pae. Outlook pamphleteers i manaʻo surrealism hemolele makakū wā e hiki mai, e like me ka mea kākau moʻolelo, a wehe hou kihi o kona poetry a me ka Ana Aina.

ua oleloia he mea nui ka 'ōlelo Palani haku mele, e pono no - Over manawa, Europe i ua Pol Elyuar aʻo. Kanaka hooeueu ae la i na kanaka i ke kipi, ka mea hana i kēlā lā, e loaʻa hou kânaka, akā, Paul loaʻa iā ia iho i ka hou, hana, a me bizarre facets o kona akamai.

Love triangle: Eluard, Gala a me Dalí

Hoike o ka mea au e olelo aku i ka pilina me Paulo a me kana wahine, he hana. Ua ua kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi, akā, ma ka mea hookahi manawa i koe no na makahiki hookahi. Ua ua olelo mai ia Paulo a me Gala a hiki ma ke akea hoʻololi i kekahi i kekahi, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, ua, ua kupaʻa i kā lākou mauʻohana.

I ka 1929, Gala a me Paulo e hele i ka hou hoa o ka haku mele - Salvador Dali. Pol Elyuar ia i makemake e mai i kana wahine me ke ano akamai, a me aole lakou i ike ia e huli familiarity i loko o ke aloha triangle. Manaʻo ma waena o Dali a me Galoy ikea kokoke koke, a me kēia hou kuikahi hele aku ai i ka pomaikai ana o nā.

Pol Elyuar,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i lele kupilikii o ma ka haalele ana mai o kana wahine,ʻaʻohe scandals a me tantrums. He pono haʻalele, hele aku la a puni ke ao nei huakaʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai, Salvador Dali e huki i kekahi kiʻi o Paulo, a aloha aku la ia ia no kona hou "kukakuka iho". Soon e huli mai ia Gala Dali maoli kōkua i ka hoʻomohala i ko lakou talena, aʻike hoʻokumu e hiki i ka luna.

Pol Elyuar, kona Kawaihae, a no laila, ua piha ka okoa ino manawa, māhunehune ola keia kaawale ana.

New aloha Eluard

Paul,ʻaʻole lōʻihi koe wale, a koke i ke kūlana o "ka papa kuhikuhiE kukakuka iho" e lawe Mariya kūlou kokoke loa ihola - hula, hoolea a me ka mea kākau ma lalo o ka pseudonym o ka NSE. Ua mai nā akamai Gala no kona modesty, pono io a me ka Kauai_County_Bldg. Ma Nush ua nani paʻakikī hopena, i ka lewa i loko o kona ana. Hânau 'ia a ho'ālaʻia i loko o ka ohana o ka auwana Artists, pela wau i ike i ka "kuhihewa" o ke alanui ola.

NSE wehe hou facets o talena Paulo, lawe mai i kana hana i ka hou manaʻo o ka hua'ōlelo "aloha." Iloko o ka lōʻihi 16 makahiki Nush koe i ka piko o ka uhane o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa o ka haku mele. Love make ka wā koke i ka makahiki 1934 make Nush ma kekahi o na alanui o Paris.

I World War II

E like ma mua Nazi Kelemania, ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka oihana koa oukou paio ana, Paulo i ka io e pili ana i ka? Eia. I kona manao, ia mea nui, e malamaʻi i kūlike nō i loko o ka moku'āina. I ka 1939 i ka haku mele mobilized a hiki i ke alo e ku e ia Hitler.

Ma ka mua,ʻo ia loaa ole wale hou, ao ke ano o ka talena, ka hoʻokuʻu 'kekahi mau patriotic poetry puke, akā, i hoike mai ia ia iho, e ia o ka lola honua. No ka nui makahiki, i ka papa kuhikuhi hana o nā mahinaʻai i ka liberation o Farani, mai ka poʻe komohewa, a hoʻihoʻi hou ka maluhia ma ka aina.

Mai 1942, France hoomaka nuipa a hooko o adherents o ka Communist? Eia, a me Paulo lilo i lâlâ o ka Communist Party. Ka makemake e pakele, mai ka fascist auamo ua he nui i loko o ka haku mele o ke ola, a ua lewa i loko o ka Lyrics. Patriotic moʻokalaleo Ua lilo ka hou maka o ka hana o Paul Eluard, a me France manao i ka hookuu ia. Pol Elyuar, kona hana a ua hele ma na loli, koe ma ka hoomanao ana o Farani,ʻano nui me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni haku mele, ku okoa ana kinai.

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

Ka Make Nush i alakaʻi ai i ka haku mele. He ua wale nō i loko o kēia ao, aʻaʻole loaʻaʻoe i loko o laila. No kekahi manawa ka mea,ʻo ka manaʻo o ka he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. Ke kaua mea ma luna, kukakuka iho make a me Paulo i i loaʻa iā ia iho i loko o kēia ao. No ka nui makahiki, i hoopihaia kona mau hana me ka oiaio ke kaumaha e moe ana ma patriotic olioli no lākou iho moku'āina.

Kona hope aloha - Dominica, oia halawai koke ma mua o kona make ana. I ka makahiki 1952, i ka makahiki o ka 57 makahiki, make iho la i ka haku mele o ka naau hoouka. Pol Elyuar, na makahiki o ke ola i mai ai ma ka noho pilikia manawa no ke aupuni, waiho i ka hooilina nui i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Farani.

Pol Elyuar: hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo mai ke Kawaihae

• Ma hope iho o ka make ana o ka haku mele i loko o kona hele hope alakaʻi na tausani o ka poʻe i loko o Palika.

• I ka makahiki 1952, Eluard hana ma Moscow ma ka lā hoʻomanaʻo Viktora Gyugo.

• I ka 1952, ua lilo iho la i ka uwa o ka World Achievement.

• A hiki i ka pau ana o kona ola, Noord Paul me kana mamuli o-wahine, ma ka manaolana ia ia e hoi hou i ka ia. Mea, mai o ka mahalo no kana mamuli o-kane, aole au e mare i ka Dali a ka haku mele i ka make.

• Ma hope o lilo ike me Picasso, Paul kākau ihola i ka "A ia la aku o Guernica."

• Leaflets a me ka hana o Paul Edyuara dumped pelane ma luna o Paris iloko o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua.