Khazars - e Aloha no na kanaka? Kahiko a me kēia Khazars. Nā mamo o ka Khazars

Kahiko a me ka medieval mōʻaukala o ke kanaka paa nui na mea pohihihi. A hiki ma ka keia kiʻekiʻe o ka 'ike loea hou ma o ka hoʻopaʻa' ana o ka hapanui o nā nīnūnē e nō noho keʻokeʻo mau kiko.

Owai ka Khazars? 'O kēia kekahi o kēia mau hana me ka maopopo pane. Mākou i ike iki no ia, akā, hiki ina mākou e ohi i ka na hoomanao ana o keia aina, e lilo ia i hou ia wa iho.

E ka loaaʻi ka ikeʻana me kēia mau hana hoihoi kanaka.

Owai ka Khazars

Kēiaʻohana - ka Khazars - mua i oleloia ma ka Chinese kumu i hapa o ka heluna kanaka o ke aupuni a pau loa o ka Huns. Noiʻi alakai mau hypotheses e pili ana i ke kumu o ka ethnonym a me na kupuna'āina o ka Khazars.

E mākou mua e hana i ka inoa. I ka mole o ka "kao" i loko o nā 'ōlelo a pau o Central Asia mea he moʻo o nā hua'ōlelo pili i ka nomadism. Kēia mana manao ka loa plausible, no ka mea, o ka poe i koe, ua like penei. Farsi "Khazars" 'o ia hoʻi "tausani", ka Romans kapaia ka Emperor Caesar, a me nā Kauai maopopo ma ka olelo kaumaha.

Kupuna hale e ho'āʻo ana e ike i ka mooolelo mua, a hōʻike i ka Khazars. Kahi kā lākou poʻe kūpuna i noho ai, e noho ana e hiki mai ana-puka hoalauna? No definite olelo a hiki i kēia manawa.

Aia i ekolu like paha kumumanaʻo. Ka mua E hoomanao i kā lākou poʻe mākua Uighurs, ka lua - ka Hun ohana Akatsirs, a i kaʻaui i ka manaoio i ka Hazaras ke kolu - mamo o tribal kuikahi Ogur a Savirs.

Like ia paha ole, ia mea paakiki e pane. Kekahi mea i maopopo. Ke kumu o ka Khazars, a me ka hoʻomaka o lākou? Anoe? I ke komohana no a hiki i ka aina a lakou i kapa aku Barsils.

E hōʻike 'ia ma ka palapala kumu

Inā mākou e kālailai i ka 'ike mai ka Contemporary memo, hoi, e huli mai i ka hilahila.

Ma ka kekahi lima, na kumu i mai la i ka Khazar Khanate ua he ikaika aupuni a pau. Ma ka 'ē aʻe - e mau'āpana o ka' ike i ua hookomoia ma ka memo o ka huakaʻi, e loa he hope e kahaki ii.

Ka 'oi kelakela kumu, i Hōʻike' ke kahua ma ka aina, ua noʻonoʻo Hagan palapala me ka Sepania haku nui Hasdai ibn Shaprut. Ka mea, ho'ākāka akula i kākau i ka kumuhana o Iudaio. Ka Spaniard ua he diplomat, ka poe i pili i loko o ka Iudaio aupuni a pau e ola, e like me ka poe kalepa, ma ke Caspian Sea.

I ekolu palapala iloko o kekahi kaʻao e pili ana i kahi e hele aku kahiko Khazars - he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o nā kūlanakauhale, kālai'āina, nioeaeuii-yeiiiie? Kulana.
Nā kumu, e like me ka mea Lūkiniʻoihana, Apapika, Persian a me nā kūmole nui wehewehe wale na kumu, ala a me ka hopena o kūloko koa kāna hana e lawelawe ma na palena.

Ke Tilly o ka Khazars

Kagan Iosif i loko o kona mau leka mai nei, kahi malaila i Ua Khazars, ma kēia mauʻohana ma mua o hana ola. E mākou nana ma ka au mamuli hōʻikeʻano.

Ano, i ke aupuni a waiho loihi ana i ka wā o ka nui loa pomaikai o ka Hawaiian IeA River a hiki i ka aeuneii? Kai, a me ka Caucasus Mountains i ka Volga ma ka latitu o ke kulanakauhale o Murom.

Ma keia wahi, ua noho iho la i na ohana. Ka nahele a me ka ululaau mau mea i haliilii ae i kūʻonoʻono ala o ka mahiʻai ma ka hehi - nomadic. Eia hou, kokoke i ka Caspian Sea i Ua he wahi lihi iki o ka māla waina.

Ka nui loa kūlanakauhale, i Shoes Hagan i loko o kona palapala, ua like penei. Capital - Itil, ka mea, ua i loko o ka haahaa ino i o ka Volga. Sarkel (rusichi kapa ia ka White Vezhey) aia ma luna o ka Don, a me Samandar a me Belenjer - ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Caspian Sea.

Rise Kaganate hoʻomaka ma hope o ka make ana o ka Turkic aupuni a pau i loko o ka muliwai, o ka hiku o ka kenekulia AD. Ma keia manawa, o ka Khazar poʻe kūpuna i noho ai i loko o ka wahi o kēia Derbent ma Dagestan papu. Nolaila ke anoe a hiki i ke kūkulu'ākau, ma ke komohana a me ka hema.

Ma hope iho o ka hopu ana o ka Crimea Khazars noho iho i loko o kēia mokuna. Ua Ua hōʻike 'ia me kēia ethnonym loa lōʻihi. ʻO loko o ka umikumamaono kenekulia Genoese oleloia Peninsula like "Gazara".

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka Khazars - he hui ana o Turkic ohana, ka poe i hiki ke hana i ka hapanui mau nō moku'āina nomads ma ka mōʻaukala.

& okua ia kaganate

Aie i ka mea i ke aupuni a pau ua ma ka crossroads o kuai? Ooia, hana 'ike loea a me ka hoʻomana, ka mea, ua lilo e like me ka medieval Babulona.

E like me ka mea mau heluna Khanate he Turkic kanaka, loa hoomana aku Tengri Khan. Ua manaoio ua nō malamaia ma Central Asia.

Ike Kaganate hoohuliia i Iudaio, no laila, ua no noʻonoʻo i ka Khazars - i Iudaio. Naʻe, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole loaʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka mea, o ka hoomana i hookohukohu wale he uuku loa, ahu iho o ka heluna kanaka.

¶ A i loko o ka moku'āina ka mea, i na poe e Kristiano a me Nā Poʻe Isalama. Aie i ka pomaikai ole oe kai eʻe ma luna o ke ¶ʻO'Araba caliphs i loko o nā makahiki hope o ka Khanate, Hoʻomana Mohameka loaʻa oi ku okoa ana i loko o ke aupuni a pau.

Akā, no ke aha la stubbornly manaoio i ka Khazars - e ka poe Iudaio? Ka loa paha kumu o ka moolelo, i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka palapala no Iosepa. He hai Hasdai mea Orthodox, a ua kono i ke koho ana o ka moku'āina hoomana Hui kahuna , a me ka Rabi. Ka hope ke pau hoʻopaʻapaʻa, a ua hoomaopopoia kekahi Hagan, a me kona entourage ma ka akau.

Kaua a me na hoalauna

Huakaʻi i ka Khazars e nui loa ana i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka moʻolelo o Lūkini, a ¶ʻO'Araba koa moʻolelo. Caliphate kaua no ka ole i loko o ka Caucasus, a me ka Slavs, ma ka kekahi lima, kū'ē ma ka hema kauwa poʻe kālepa, hao kauhale, ma ka 'ē aʻe - hoʻohuiʻana paha i kona mau kihi hikina.

Ka mua ka luna, ka mea i kaua aku ai me ka Khazar Khanate ua wānana Oleg. He ua hiki ke aeie kekahi o ka'āina, a hoʻoikaika iā lākou i ka hookupu ia lakou iho, aʻaʻole i ka Khazars.

Nā mea hana hoihoi 'ike e pili ana i Hiking Sviatoslav, ke keiki a Igor a me Olga. He, i ke akamai koa, a me ka luna akamai, i ka lanakila o ka nawaliwali o ke aupuni a pau, a hana i ka palaoa loa no ia.

He hoakoakoa ae la i ka poʻe hao wale ia ka Volga, a i Itil. Next Sarkel Ua pio ma luna o ka Don a me Samandar ma ka Caspian kahakai. Kēia ulia, a ikaika? Anoe? Ua i hōkaiʻia ka manawa, ikaika aupuni a pau.

Ma hope iho o ia, Svyatoslav hoomaka hoʻopaʻa i loko o kēia wahi. Pā kaua i kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kahua o White Tower Sarkel kau ia i ka waiwai auhau vyatichi - ohana, ka i kokoke ma kekahiʻaoʻao me Rusia ma ka 'ē aʻe - me ka Khazars.

An hana hoihoi 'mea o ka mea e, no ka pau o ka nohoaliʻi hakaka a me na kaua ma Kiev no ka lōʻihi manawa ku paukū Khazar mercenaries. Ma "moʻolelo o Bygone Nam" ua oleloia'āpana Kozara i loko o ke kapikala o Rusia. Ua Ua kahi kokoke i ka confluence o ka Dnieper River Pochaina.

Kahi i hana ai i ka lahuikanaka a

Puni, o ka papa, he aha ka mea o ka heluna kanaka, akā, i mea noteworthy ia ma hope o ka pio ana o na Slavs nā kūlanakauhale Kaganate ike e pili ana i keia kanaka nalo. Ka mea, eʻaʻole e hōʻike 'ia i ka hookahi hua'ōlelo i loko o kekahi mooolelo.

Ka loa paha pāʻoihana o ke ninau noiʻi noonoo i ka eia. E like me ka Turkic lāhui pūʻulu, ua hiki ke assimilate me na hoalauna ma ka ?? eoi? O ka Caspian i ka Khazars.

I kēia lā,ʻepekema manaoio i ka papa kuhikuhiE nuipa a o ka pāʻoihana i loko o ka'āina, kekahi i koe i loko o ka Crimea, a me nā aliʻi o ka Khazars hoʻoneʻe i CentralʻEulopa. Aia ka mea, ua hiki ke hui pu iho la me na kaiaulu Iudaio e noho ana ma luna o ka mokuna o ke kālā no Poland, Hungary, Western Ukraine.

Penei, kekahi ohana me ka Iudaio aʻa a me nā kūpuna i loko o keia aina, hiki ma kekahi ala e kapaʻia lākou ma "na pua o ka Khazars."

Ko läkou 'ma Archeology

Archaeologists olelo unequivocally i ka Khazars - he saltovo-mayaki. Ia i ka makahiki 1927, anao? Aou Gauthier. Mai ia manawa, i ka poʻe mea 'Imi hanaʻeliʻana a me ka noiʻi.
Ka inoa o ka moʻomeheu i ka hopena o aʻo Kīwala'ō o hoʻoholo ma luna o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i elua.

Ka mua - ka hooponopono ma keena Saltov Kharkiv'āina, a me ka lua o ka - Mayaki hooponopono i loko o ka Voronezh māhele 'āina.

I rula, o ka hoʻoholo 'hai aku i ka lāhui pūʻulu o ka Alans ka poe i noho ma keia wahi mai ka walu a hiki i ka umi o kenekulia. Naʻe, i ka aa ana o kēia kanaka i loko o ka North Caucasus, no laila, e hōʻike ana 'ana me ka Khazar Khanate.

Noiʻi kaʻana hoʻoholo 'ana ma nā' ano o nā kanu ana hoi,. Forest koho - Alanian a me ka hehi - Bulgarian, a loaʻa ka Khazars.

hiki keiki

Nā mamo o ka Khazars - o kekahi keʻokeʻo kahi lilelile i loko o na kanaka o ka mahele. Ka pilikia waiho i loko o ka mea e kumumea i ka succession mea aneane hiki ole i.

Saltovo-mayaki like ia pololei noonoo i ke ola o ka Alans a me ka Bulgars. Ua helu ia ka Khazars ma conditional, e like me ka mea o lākou mau kia hoʻomanaʻo i nā loa mau. I ka mea, ka mea e huikau. Palapala kumu e like me "malie" ma hope o ka moho Svyatoslav. No ia mea, ia mea pono e hilinai aku ma luna o ka ami kuhiakau o archaeologists, linguists a me anthropologists.

I ka lā, ai ka loa paha mamo o ka Khazars - Kumyks. He He Turkic-olelo ana kanaka o ka North Caucasus. Ua pū nā hapa Karaites, Krymchaks a Judaize i ka mauna ohana o ka Caucasus.

maloo koena

Pela, i loko o kēia 'atikala, ua kamailio e pili ana i ka hopena o ia hana hoihoi kanaka me ka Khazars. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole pono kekahi lāhui pae, a, ma ka mea, he pohihihi keʻokeʻo kahi i loko o ka medieval mōʻaukala o na aina Caspian.

Ka mea, i olelo ia ma na kumu Rousseau, Armenians, Arabia, Byzantines. Kagan mea ma ka palapala me ka Caliphate o Cordoba. Ka mea maopopo ai ka mana a me ka ikaika o keia aupuni a pau ...
A Emo ole - he uwila kai eʻe o Haku Svyatoslav a me ka luku ana o kēia moku'āina.

Ua huli mai i ka mea a pau aupuni a pau e ia no ka manawa pōkole manawa,ʻaʻole e nalo, a poho iho i loko o oblivion, waiho wale guesswork mamo.