Kiko 4 wāwahi loli. Wawahi loli "Castrol" kiko-4: hōʻike manaʻo motorists

Ke wawahi'ōnaehana iwi kuamoʻo type loa kaa piha me ka wawahi loli kiko 4 - kekahi o ka loa a me ka hanohano, he pono ole i waena o na¯. I kaʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau Luna i manaoia e hoolapalapa ka mahana, haku mele 'ana a me ka waiwai o ka paka i ona mau ka ohu. Kūkākūkā o kiko 4 Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka loa kiʻekiʻe-ka pono a me ka versatile. I ka hoʻohālike me ka kiko 3, ia absorbs he hapa iki o ka wai a me ka mālama i nā kapuahi e kŰlń no ka lōʻihi manawa. Ia mau hiʻona 'ae nā limahana, e hohola aku kona wā o ka hoʻohana.

Ano o ka wawahi fluids

Systematization wāwahi kiko i huiʻia ua sformirulirovana ameriskanskim amo Oihana. FMVSS maluhia mau hae i hoʻohana i ke kumu no ka hana ana o kēia mau hae. I unuhi 'ia ka ho'ēmiʻana kiko kū no "kekahi kaʻao ka maluhia Oihana." Hookomoia ma ka binders ona mau, e ho'āʻo i koho numeral 4. palapala hoʻomaikaʻi GOST na konohiki.

No ka mea kiko 4 ua i manaoia he huahana o ka aila hoohehee maemae au ia, a me ka like omaka ia - he octagonal shape mea melemele, ka i kokoke ma kaʻeleʻele laina. I ka waenakonu o ka huahelu o ka wawahi huakai kaapuni. Oia ka hōʻailona ua diagonally kela aoao mai, i ka 'mea hiki ole ia i ka haku mele' ana e ninini i loko o ke kahua.

Ke baila aʻela i wahi , a (viscosity) o ka maloʻo, a piha me ka wai ona mau - nā ana hoʻohālike i e puunaueia i ke ano o ka wawahi mea haʻilula keimikala. XIX. Kumu kiko o 3 a me 4 kiko i manaoia e e polyglycols, akā, kiko 5 ua hana ia ma ke kumu o ka mea pīlali, no ke aha la mau waeʻano mai e hui pu me kekahi i kekahi i mea. E ho okumu i waeʻano o fluids kiko o 3 a me 4 kiko hoʻohana i ka ia waiwai, no laila, i ka mea, e hui me ka interchanged.

Ka lepili a me ka haku mele 'ana , wawahi iho la fluids kiko 4

Kiko 4 wāwahi loli i loko o kona hōkeoʻikepili kekahi i ka laina polyethers a me ka polyalkylene. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia i? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ia polyethylene mele i hoʻohana, akā, ia mea pinepine ka AEeAaOA ua hōʻike ma lalo o ka okoa inoa i kakauia mea hoʻonui likeʻole a me ka wai a polymers.

Haʻalele precursor kiko 3, kiko 4 loli i loko o kona 'ole he kūikawā mea hoʻonui - no ka laʻana, borates. Nakinaki nei lakou i ka haule ana i loko o ka mea, mai ka lewa i ka hana ana o ka wai.

Ma kaa kiko 5.1 wawahi fluids haʻuki-papa e ia, loaa ma ka pepa kūikawā mea hoʻonui a me ka mea hoʻonui i ka wai a kiko 4 hae.

Wawahi loli kiko 4 hana maʻalahi

No ka mea, he nui motorists kekahi o ka loa ka manaʻo a me ka koiʻana iā nīnūnē o ka hoʻokaulike o ka wawahi fluids o kekahi mau papa a me nā waeʻano. Mau loea, e ana i ka manao e hoʻohana ikeia lama mele - e like me wawahi loli "Castrol" a wāwahi loli "Bosch" kiko 4 Pono e hahai omaka haku mele 'ana.

Ma ka Lūkini kuai o kaʻa huahana mea he ākea ka helu o kekahi wawahi fluids. Hui pu ia pu ua ole i aʻo aku ai, akā, ma ka loa hihia ka mea, hiki ke hana, akā, he mea kupono e hahai aku i kekahi mau rula.

Kiko 4 wāwahi loli ke e hui me na analogs like kiko 3, kiko 4.5, kiko 5.1. Nāu kona konohiki nānā 'ana i mea pīlali, e like me ke kiko 5 a me kiko 5.1 (ABS), ua pāpā.

Wawahi iho la i loli kiko 4 - ano

I ka papa kuhikuhiE physico-Nine Inch kiko'î o ka hui i aloha ia i ko lakou mea e like ai, e:

• (viscosity);
• kapuahi e wahi;
• hana e ka hoʻokemu ona mau mahu;
• ia'ku i ka popopo.

E like me ka pono o ka hae kiko 4 fluids, kā lākou baila aʻela i mahana pono ole e haʻahaʻa ma mua o 250 ° ^C. kēia ke keʻena hiki ke kuu iho la i ka 165 ^{° C} no ua mau ke kinowai i ka hoʻokemu ona mau, mai ka 'ia i loko o ka huina nui i ka 3.5%.

(Viscosity) o ka loli ua anaia mai ka manawa ma ka viscometer. Kēia aiao E i oi aku mamua o 750 mm o ² / mau. I ka mea, kekahi o na kumu nui hiʻona o ka wale (viscosity), ana wāwahi loli nuʻa aneane wahi noʻonoʻo.

Kumupaʻa kiko 4 loli ka popopo hilinaʻi nui ma luna o konaʻakika. Ke maʻamau ke keʻena i loko o ka laulā pH 7,0-11,5 huahelu.

I ka manawa o ka hana ana o ka wawahi wai a

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mea hoʻonui a me ka mea hoʻonui, hygroscopicity a me na kumu e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane wa e ola hope paha. No ka laʻana, ano haʻahaʻa a wawahi iho la wahi e hoʻololi i ka 'ano o ka wawahi loli, i loli ai i kona kuleana pili i a me ka hana kumuwaiwai. No keia kumu, o ka wawahi loli hoʻololi kela 2-2.5 makahiki.

No ke aha la kiko 4?

Wawahi loli kiko 4 i ka kēia mau pono i ke aloha i ka i ka mea, o kekahi o ka loa hanohano a puni ka honua.

• pono;
• kupono kumukūʻai;
• he ākea huahelu o ka mahana i i ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana.

Kumu kūʻai nui kiko 5.1 ua aneane aole hoʻohana 'ia ma ka motorists, no ka mea, Ua oi pipiʻi, akā, kona functionality mea i okoa mai ke kiko 4. ho'āʻo lawe mai ma ka' Oihana a me ka amateurs, e hōʻike i ka hae gula o ka wawahi loli kiko 4 hōʻike manaʻo i koe ma luna o ka haku mele 'ana, e hooiaio aku kona pono a me ka high quality, pu me kaʻoluʻolu i kuai ole.

baila aʻela i wahi

Ke kinetic ikehu o ke kaa i ke peleki pāʻana ia iho i loko o ka wela. Nā pale poʻohiwi, paio hahana maoli nō, ke hoʻouna i ka mea, a hiki i ka Pistons, a me ka caliper kino, i Kapikoowākea i ka wawahi loli. Ma muli o kēia, ke koi mua ua waiho imua i kona kiʻekiʻe baila aʻela i wahi, a e ae, e pale aku i ka "ole" o ka wawahi hehi wāwae. High-māmāʻano o kēia hi i manaoia i nāʻano kahiko o ia mau mea haʻilula keimikala ole hou Makuakane me kona oihana, a me ka puku i ka wawahi loli kiko 4 "chinatown", kekahi o ka mahalo nui kaʻa poʻe o ko ke ao nei, ka mea hoi, a kuka hoʻohana 'ana i ia mele.

ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai

Ka lua o koi 'o ka palena iki corrosivity. Pistons,'okesaside o ka metala mea i kaʻino mea i hiki ke hiki mai ka nui aku pilikia loa ka popopo o ka wawahi laina. Hōʻike kiʻekiʻe wela wawahi loli baila aʻela i ua hiki wale ma ka hoʻohana 'ana o kekahi polyethylene glycol kumu e loaʻa he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hygroscopicity. No ka mea, o keia, ua waiho waho kiko 4 mele wale i paa i paʻa ipu. Wai, hoʻonui i ka nui nui o ka wai, aole wale hōʻeleu i ka popopo keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka ke peleki pāʻana'ōnaehana, akā, ua maʻi hēhē ma ka nui emi ana wela. He pono ole ma ka mokokailala a me nā haʻuki kaʻa papa, "inā 'aʻole'" iloko oʻano pākīkē ke peleki pāʻana, a kipaku hookeai hiki i ka ulia nui.

unctuousness

Good lubricating waiwai - keia mea i ke kolu o koi no ka wawahi fluids. Kēia mau 'ano kōkua i ka ho'ēmi i Wear ma nā ka ABS a me cuffs paukūʻolokaʻa wawahi nenoaiu. Maʻamau kiko 4 ma kēia mau mea kiko'î mea i kekahi mau mea emi iki mahope o ke hou PVT 5, i ka hope mai he kiekie ae baila aʻela i wahi, a me ka haahaa nui o ka hygroscopicity, ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana no ka hoʻokēʻai holoʻana. Kiko 5.1 loli papahana no kaa i hoʻokū pono ia me ka Anati-laka nenoaiu. Ua manaoia i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka uuku nui o glycolic kulanui i antifriction mea hoʻonui. No ka hapanui o kaa, ia mea pono e hana fluids o keia mau papa, e like me ka mea i hana maʻalahi me ka sila, a i mau hōʻailona ma luna o ka mua hae ke kinowai.

kiʻekiʻe (viscosity)

High (viscosity) 'ilikai - ka ha o koi nei i ka wawahi loli. E hoola i loli (viscosity) e leie aku ka wawahi'ōnaehana i ka hana maʻamau ma kekahi Ambient ana wela. Kēia AOAIAaOO mea nui loa no kaa me ka ABS nenoaiu. Ma hope o solidification o ka wai a hiki i hoʻokō 'ole' ana o ka neaa pa alima ma ke kaa ma i ka ESP ua nākiʻi i ka Anati-laka nenoaiu. Ua hiki no hoi nā laekahi a me crossovers: inā 'aʻole' o ka traction hoi o ka makana'ōnaehana e i ilihune drivability.

Wawahi loli Mobil

Nā mea hoʻohui e waiho ma ka Hookah no ka hana i loko o ka pahu, a me ka pā hōkū ASR wawahi nenoai hoʻouka kekahi ma ka meakino-mana hi.

Wawahi loli "Mobil" kiko 4 Ua noi i kulike ai me ke kēia mau lula.

• Ua piha wale i kiaʻana i kāna palapala mai ka hou AEeAaOA a hōʻailonaʻia.
• Koke ma hope o hoʻohana, o ka mole e e paa i paʻa, mahope mai o ka haku mele 'ana hoʻomaka koke absorbs ona mau mai ke kaiapuni, i negatively e loli ai kona hana ola.
• Kuʻi nukeliu wāwahi loli hiki ole ke hoʻohana hou 'ia.
• Hookaheia'ku haku mele 'koke holoiʻia, e like me ka mea hiki corrode i ka HW o ke kino.
• Manawa o ke kūapoʻana i ka wawahi loli - kela mau makahiki a me kela mea keia 40 tausani kilomika.
• Oo pono kiko o 4 a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no ABS nenoai.
• Hiki e hui me ka wawahi fluids o kiko 4 waeʻano 3 a me kiko.

Wawahi loli "Castrol"

I loko nō o ka mea i ka wawahi loli mea "Castrol" kiko 4 ua hooiaioia e like me ka kiko 4 hae, kona baila aʻela i ka mahana aku i koi a me ka 265 ^{° C,} ma ka hui 'ana me ka wai - 175 ° ^C. E like me ka Hookah mau koi, ka mea e e hoʻololi kela mau makahiki, niioaaonoaaiii, o kona hiki e nininiʻia a me nā haʻuki hi.

"Castrol" wawahi loli kiko 4 ua hoʻokō i loko o ka loa kekahi kaʻao ka'ōpala: hue 1 hano i loaʻa i loko o kaʻa hale kūʻai mea hiki ole. No keia kumu, loli hope e i ke kuai i kekahi mau hapa-hano ipu, overpaying no ka'ōpala. Ua ua kaulana ma na mea he nui kaʻa mea nona.

I ka pono o keia wawahi loli:

• i ka hoolapalapa kumupaʻa i ka wā ona i loko o ka haku mele 'ana.
• Hoʻokō 'ana i oi stringent hae.
• Maikaʻi no ka hi me ka ABS - loaʻa kekahi mau mea maikai waiwai o ka (viscosity).

Wawahi loli "Rosa"

Wawahi loli "Rosa" kiko 4 - hui haku o anticorrosive a me ka antioxidant mea hoʻonui a me boron-i loaʻa polyester. Ua i kekahi kulana maikai i nā kapuahi e maloo a pulu palapala - 260 ^C a me 165 ^C, niioaaonoaaiii. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana i Ambient mahana HEN, mai -40 ^e C i +45 ^{o ka} C.

Wawahi loli "Rosa" kiko 4 wawahi nenoai hoʻohana i ka ohua hi, a kalepa kaa, a me ke alo-huila machines o ka lulu popilikia? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Ke hoʻohana wai o ekolu makahiki. Ua hiki ke hui me ka mele e like me "Neva" a me ka "Tom", me ka hana ana me keia poho.

Wawahi loli Sintec

Paha kekahi o ka loa affordable ma ka kumukuai papahana (huina 100 k), wawahi iho la fluids hua domestically. Ua hanaʻia wāwahi loli "Super" kiko 4 ma ka "Obninskorgsintez". I loko nō wahi lulu-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, e like me kona ano, ka mea hiki ke loaa haole he nui analogues: baila aʻela i wahi o ka 240 ^{° C} i loko o ka palapala maloo, a me 155 ^{° C} - i loko o ka wai. Maikaʻi no ka hele ana, he hōʻemi iki oko ao ma ka alo alo ana holoʻana ua i ikeia.

Ke wale drawback o ka instability ano: nā ho'āʻo ma a pau, a i wahi wawahi loli mai Obninsk, hoike okoa hopena. O ka holo ana, ia 'aʻole i pili i nā koi o ka hae, naʻe,' aʻole e olelo aku i kekahi mea maikai no ka Hookah.

Wawahi loli Liqui Moly

Wawahi loli Liqui Moly kona ano haalele i kona analogs: kapuahi e ana wela i ka maloo a me ka wai i kona hoʻokolohua o 230 ^C a me 155 ^C, niioaaonoaaiii, ma ka haʻahaʻa mahana (viscosity) o ka 1800 mm o ² / mau. haku mele 'ano maikaʻi loa hoʻomākaukau i kiko mau hae 4, akā, mai oi aku ia. Affordable kumukuai o 300 p. i kekahi mau mea i compensates no keia, akā, e hoʻohana i ka wai i loko o mākou aniau no kaa me ka ABS mea maopopo leʻa i ke kumukuai o ia.

Mākou E hoi hōʻike maikaʻi lubricating a me Anati-ka popopo waiwai o Liqui Moly, a i ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia ka Hookah. Ma kona ano, keia wawahi loli mea maikaʻi no ka Keaukaha ka poe i makemake i ka pāpana laʻi o ka hoʻokukeʻana a me ka noho ana ma ka waena ciia o ko mākou'āina.

Pono o ka wawahi loli Liqui Moly:

1. Maikaʻi Anati-ka popopo waiwai.
2. Maluhia wawahi hoses a me ka laholio wepa.

Ke koho ana o ka wawahi loli

A kupono wāwahi loli ua koho e like me ke kaa kiko'î. E huli mai i keia ano o ka 'ole i ua piha i ka hola, a me ka mea e hiki ke hoʻohana' ia i loko o ka wā e hiki mai, e ia i loko o ka hoʻoponopono e manual a me ka hana ana o ke kaʻa. E hiki no hoi e noi aku i kou mana kanaka kūʻai lāʻauʻino.

He pono nō ia e lohe i ka wawahi loli kiko'î e like me ka baila aʻela i mahana o ka maloʻo a me ka wai moku'āina, (viscosity) a me ka hae. Kiko 4 waeʻano lalo e ole e hoʻohana 'ia no kaa i hoʻolako pono me ka Anati-laka ke peleki pāʻana'ōnaehana, e like me keia e i poino i nā ka ABS a me ka wawahi nenoaiu.

'Oe ke kapa i ka hana ku i ka kūhelu kanaka kūʻai lāʻauʻino no ka'ōnaehana lapaʻau' ana, a hoʻopiha me ka hou wawahi loli.