Lanahu hana - pilikia a me ka manaʻolana 'ia

An loa nui loa o ka hoʻokele waiwai global o kona wahie a me ka ikehu eiiieaena. Ke kaʻana like 'ana o ka ikehu huahana ma ka global GDP mea ma ka liʻiliʻi 10%. I ka uku o kona hokii hoʻoulu i kela makahiki, i like me ka ulu o ka honua loa huahana. A nui kahi o ka ikaika i loko o kā mākou manawa he kinoea, kaʻaila, lanahu, aila shale a me ka uranium. Oil a me ke kinoea paani no nae i ke kūlana kumu nui, akā, i ke kiʻekiʻe o hoemiia lākou me ke koe, a me ka hanohano ma ka waenakonu o keia kenekulia e e ana. I ka Ia manawa, lanahu me ke koe e hope kekahi 200 makahiki, a hiki i ka loa mālama nui? Iecaianoaaiiie.

No laila, i ka global lanahu hana ua lilo nui a me ka poe hanohano. Ano, ma kahi o 44% o ka uila ua hua mai ma thermal mana kanu hoʻohana lanahu. No hoi, ka mea i paʻa ma ka metallurgy ma ka smelting o ferrous ke hooheheeia. Ka hapa nui o ka hoʻokomo kālā lanahu i kia ma ka Asia-Pacific māhele 'āina, North America a me Moscow'āina. No ka laʻana, China i nā meaʻeiwa o ka lanahu me ke koe, a me Rusia - i ka ono. Ma aneea oneiaey, ia i kia 3,6% o ka huina honua me ke koe.

Alakai lanahu kānaka hoʻolilo i nā'āina e like me USA, Australia, South Africa, Venezuela a me Colombia. Nō hoʻi, i kēia mau loaʻa ka Canada, Indonesia, Poland, Kina a me Rusia. Ka lānahu ahi hana i loko o kēia mau'āina i global koi no ka lanahu e 90%. A me ka papa kuhikuhiE nā kānaka hoʻokomo o ia huahana i kekahi hawaiian aina e, e like me Japan, Taiwan a me South Korea, e like me ka hapanui o nā'āina o Western Eulopa.

Russian lanahu hana - Ua 193,3 ieeeea? Na tona o ka ai lanahu me ke koe. I loko o keia kii, hoʻokomo kālā o ka anthracite, lignite, lanahu a me ka coking lanahu. I keia manawa, lanahu ua o koʻu mau i loko o 16 lanahu kīʻaha, a uhi aku la kekahi 85 kulanakauhale nāʻoihana o ka Russian Hui. Ma keia hihia, 58 nā kauhale e ola lanahu-hoʻouku panalāʻau e noho ana i hanaʻia a puni ka hana lanahu.

Ano, i ka lānahu ahi hana o ka Russian Hui - o ka 85 mines ia makahiki e haawi ai i ka ili honua ma kahi o 383 miliona na tona o ka lanahu. No ka laʻana, 336 miliona na tona o ka lanahu i hua mai la i ka 2011 ma kēia mau mines, i mea o ka lani kiekie loa, mai ka'opi o ka USSR. Ka nui loa lanahu-hoʻouku pa holoi mea a ianoiyuaa a ka Kuznetsk kīʻaha. Akā, ma ke kaʻawale mai ka Kuzbass, loaʻa nō kekahi mau olelo mua iaʻi hoʻokomo kālā i loko o Rusia. Uaʻoki i ka Hōʻole akula Hikina, Hawaiian Siberia a me ka Kansk-Achinsk kīʻaha. Ka hooulu ana o kēia mau mahinaʻai, e hoomahuahua i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o Lūkini lanahu.

Akā, i ka mea ia manawa, i ka lānahu ahi hana mea he hana pilikia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia nā kona nā palapū i loko o ka wahiʻoihana. O ke kumu ho i ka mea ana i kekahi mau aina i kaupaona aku ai i wahi kālā, e kākoʻo i kēia hana. E like me ka hopena, aia no he shortage no dala no ka maluhia o ka hana, a me keia hiki aku ai i nā palapū a me ka makeʻana o nā miners. "Alakaʻi" i loko o kēia pōʻaiapili i ka aina me Rusia a me Kina. Ma ka mines o kēia mau'āina e make kela makahiki haneri, a me na tausani o kanaka.

Pela hoi, aole i lanahu hoʻouku a me ka aaioee e i 'inoʻino loa ke ano. Ua Ua pili kuhikuhi me ka ikaika ea puka o ka methane na ma mines, o ka honua i ka lewa. I aaioee o ka lanahu mea,ʻaʻole environmentally aloha kaʻina. No ka laʻana, ma ka makaukau o ka lanahu Coke mea wela i ka kekahi ana wela. E like me ka hopena, e kī ana i carbon dioxide a me nā palapala i huiʻia, a me ka nui mea. A pau o kēia mau pollutants he hoʻonui i ka hoʻomehana honua.

Akā, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i na ano o ka lānahu ahi hana uhi i ka hailona o pilikia, i ka hana i loko o ke ao nei i keia la, oia no kekahi o ka mea nui. Lanahu ka manawa i kekahi o na kumu nui ikehu kumu, like kona me ke koe, e lawa ai no na makahiki. Eia hou, i ka uku no ka mea, i ka pilina paʻa, a mea ma lalo o lakou i ke kala o kona pololei ae pani ai. No ka laʻana, ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka wahie aila ma thermal mana kanu loaʻa 1.5 oi pipiʻi ma mua o ka waiwai o ka lanahu. A inā i loko o ka wā e hiki mai kokoke e ole e E ke Kumu hou kumu o ka ikehu, ma 2030 lanahu e ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka ikehu.