Lepo koʻohune. lepo koʻohune kaianoho koholā

Koʻohune - ka waeʻano loa kahiko o ka meaola i ola i kēia lā i loko o kā mākou poepoe honua. Ka loa mua koʻohune i waho 3.5 ieeeea makahiki aku nei. No ka aneane he ieeeea makahiki, ka mea, ua i ka wale hana mea ma luna o mākou Honua. A laila, ka mea, i ke kino primitive 'ole. He aha nō ka lepo koʻohune,? Ueo a me ka 'ia - i kēia mau mea, noonoo iho la i loko o kēia' atikala.

General 'ike e pili ana i koʻohune

Ka haku mele 'ana ka loaʻa o ka'āina nui likeʻole microorganisms waena i nā lepo koʻohune, punahelu, a fungi. Ka mea, ua māheleʻia i loko o malicious a me ka pono no ka hooulu ana o nā mea kanu.

Microorganisms oko ma ka olelo o ke ola. Kekahi e ulu ole o oxygen, akā, no kekahi mea nui kona alo. Aia Ua hoi he kūikawā waeʻano o ka koʻohune i i hoʻomōhala i ka oxygen, a me ka ia.

Ke kūlana o ka lepo koʻohune i kanu ola

Mai kanu pono lepo koʻohune lawe? Meaning o microorganisms i kanu ola ana ka pono nui. E pono ai i kela la Agropedological koʻohune recycle ke aloha mea i loko o na holoholona e pono ai nā minelala hao. Me ia aaioee lepo ua waiwai me ka kalipuna, ka hao, phosphorus, naikokene a me ka nui'ē aʻe e pono ai hehee wale.

Lepo koʻohune ole wale hoʻolako i ka'āina maikaʻi kēia hehee wale, akā, i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka physiological lepo e like ai. Ka nui loa o ka lepo i loko o ka makemake koʻohune, ke kiekie kona fertility.

Ka nui helu o ka nui kino o ke kūkākūkā krupnokornevoy'ōnaehana o ka mea kanu,ʻo loko o ka rhizosphere. It lepo koʻohune e hoʻohana i ka mana o ka make ana o ke kumu kahua.

Groups hoʻopōʻino lepo microorganisms

lepo koʻohune Groups aia no iloko olaila na? ueo e hoʻomau ana ma ka kāʻamaʻai, naikokene, kalapona a me ka phosphorus. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka lepo e ike ole wale waiwai microorganisms, akā, i pathogenic. Loa pinepine koʻohune ola i loko o ka lepo i lawa pōkole. Eia naʻe, i kekahi mau ano e paakiki ma kona poʻe e noho ana. Pathogenic koʻohune e māheleʻia i loko o ekolu waeʻano:

• koʻohune no i ka aina o ka kūlohelohe Bioton. Ka mea, i ka causative konohiki o ka botulism a me actinomycetes.

• ka koʻohune e komo i loko o ka lepo me ke aloha secretions o ka poe ola, mea. Oia microorganisms hiki ke waiho i loko o ka lepo o ka lōʻihi manawa. Ka mea, i ka causative konohiki o anthrax bacillus, tetanus a me ka gangrene.

• koʻohune, a i hāʻule i loko o ka lepo me ke aloha secretions, akā, waiho waho malaila no i hiki i kekahi mahina. Ka mea, hiki i E. coli, salmonella, shigella a me ka cholera. A pau nā palapala koʻohune luku ole wale i ka pono keia mau mea waiwai o ka lepo, akā, i ke kumu nenoaiu o ka mea kanu.

koʻohune kaianoho koholā

Lepo koʻohune i loaʻa i loko o ka naʻau o ka honua, aole haoʻa. Kekahi waeʻano o microorganisms e noho ana ma laila, ma ka mea e e hiki ke loaʻa no lakou iho iʻoluʻolu poepoe o ka kaianoho koholā, ka meaʻai a me ka wai. Simple meaola i ike na wahi a pau ma laila, ua walaʻauʻana oihana mua -ʻano nui i loko o ke keena lepo uhi. Surprisingly, i loaʻa i ka lepo koʻohune i loko o ka aila punawai, o ka hohonu o ka a kekahi i kā mākou o 16 kilomika ihoiho.

Accommodation ka mole kahua a puni

E like me mākou i'ōlelo mai ma mua, o ka loa hanohano wahi o ka aina koʻohune - o ka luna, ahu iho o ka lepo. Rhizosphere - he ahu iho la ka aina, Aia ke kumu kahua a puni. Ua Ua densely na kanaka] ma ka microorganisms iʻai ma luna o kanu neoneo, e like me ka pōmaikaʻi me nā polokina a me nā pulapula o ke. Simple meaola, e like me iloʻai ma luna o microorganisms a no hoi ola i loko o ka wahi krupnokornevoy. Manawa a hiki i kēia, i ka pōʻaiapuni o ka mea pono keia mau oihana mua a me ka maʻi ahulau suppression ua hana i loko o ka rhizosphere.

kanu litter

Mau kanaka ike, ka home lepo koʻohune. Ma keia 'atikala, e ho'āʻo mākou i ka loa piha mooolelo o ko lākou mau mea ola a pau i hoʻolilo' ia.

Fish - ka loa hanohano decomposers o ke kanu koena ai. hiki ole lepo koʻohune tolerate kekahi o ka mea kupono hehee wale no ka lōʻihi mamao. Ua apono ka fungus e ulu. Ua mea i loko o ka Fish mea kanu litter mea no hoi he nui nui o koʻohune i hiki mai.

Humus - o kekahi kaianoho koholā lepo koʻohune. Wale kekahi fungi paka nā'ūhū pono e uhai ia pilikia nā kumumea i loko o humus. A nui loa o ka nui hehee wale i kakauiaʻi ma ka lepo, he nui ka helu o ka manawa mua a pipili e fungi a me microorganisms. Humus i huiʻia a e loaa no i ka cleavage nā dala uuku o ka haiia i loaʻa naikokene.

Ma Agropedological naehana

Kekahi kaianoho koholā o ka lepo koʻohune - Agropedological naehana. Ma ko lakou ili microbial maʻiʻo ka nui mamua o ia ma loko. Ma ka waena hiki ke hele i kela mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana wale nō mea e ole i oxygen. A nui helu o nā huahelu - kēia'āina feces ilo a me nā mea meaola. Ma waena o ka neʻe 'iniha, Agropedological arthropods a me nematodes, i hiki ole, e kāinoa kaha' ana i loko o ka lepo.

Meaola i nā susceptible e ona mau lilo, e like me ka lepo koʻohune noho ma ka auwai a piha i ka wai. E hoolako i ka wai-puni meaola pono walaʻauʻana hapa o ka aina, i ka mahiʻai wahi i 'Imi hoemiia ka makahiki. Ia mea no ia mea, e loaʻa mea he pono e hoʻohana fertilizers.

Ia ia ka poino lepo koʻohune

I manaoio i na mala kekahi manawa, manao iho la e pili ana ina paha lepo koʻohune e pilikia loa. Ma keia 'atikala mākou, e ho'āʻo e dispel a pau i nā kaʻao a me conjectures e hai aku i keia mea hilo. Ka nui helu o ola lepo pathogens. No ka laʻana, i loko o ka luna 30 knm o ke kamaaina, ahu iho, i ka nui o kekahi aa, ec eioi ola o ma kahi o 30 na tona o ka poe noonoo ole meaola. Me he ikaika lākou o nā'ūhū o ka palaho koʻohune hoohiolo no ia i nā polokina i'amino nāʻakika. 'O kēia ka papa ana i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka decomposition. Mau microorganisms e noho mea lawe mai i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka pilikia. Ma ke ala, kaʻoi loa no ka mea, o ka hana ana i kēia mau noonoo ole meaolaʻano hoʻomaka koke hao iʻai i ka papahana no ka lōʻihi holopapa ola - o, pickles a me ka paʻahau hua a me kaʻai iā. Mea pōmaikaʻi, i ka malihini i lōʻihi ai aoia hoi, e kiʻi mai o ke kulana. No ka hou pūnaewele, ka mea hana i ka sterilization kaʻina hana, a me ka aaioee nā huahana. Eia naʻe, i kekahi mauʻano o microorganisms hiki nō hao i ka ai preform, hoʻowahāwahā akahele pēpēʻana.

Koʻohune komo i ka'āina ma iho mailoko mea. E like me ka makou i olelo mua, kekahi subspecies o microorganisms a me fungi e ia i loko o ka lepo no ka makahiki. O ke kumu ho i kā lākou kiʻiona hiʻona - e lilo spores. I ka mea, hoʻopale koʻohune mai io ololi, mai ke kaiapuni. Oia microorganisms hoʻoulu i ka ulu ana o kekahi o ka noho pilikia loa maʻi - anthrax, kaʻapu kōheoheo, gangrene a me ka catalepsy.

E like me ka koʻohune komo i loko o ka lepo

Aloha kau, ka Agropedological koʻohune - ia ka hapa o ka haku mele 'ana o ka lepo, akā,ʻaʻole i ka aina ia iho, a me kona topsoil. I kekahi Dessert puna o turf i loaʻa ka oi ma mua o hoʻokahi piliona o na mea meaola, a i mau komo i loko o kekahi mau 'kahua o ka palaho o ka mea i make, ke aloha a me ka mea fixation hiki kumu eclectic hehee wale, a me ka? Ieoaeunoai o kēia mau pilikia walaʻauʻana nā lātoma.

Agropedological pūʻulu o microorganisms originate mai o ka manawa ia i ke koena o na mea e ola ana i loko o kona wā kamaliʻi, a me ka haʻalele i ka ko läkou 'mua o ko lākou mau hope. He mau koena, a lilo iho la ia i ka mua hale o ka lepo microorganisms. Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa loli aloha ma ka lepo koʻohune noho malaila a hiki i ka keia manawa, adapting i ka hoʻololi 'ana a puni' ia.

I ka mahele o ka oihana

Aia He He multifunctional mahele Agropedological microorganisms i waena o biologists no kā lākou hana:

1. destructors - koʻohune e noho ana ma ka lepo, a mineralize walaʻauʻana i huiʻia makana i loko o ka luna, ahu iho o ka honua. Ko lākou kūlana - loli koe o ola ola a me nā mea kanu ma ka eclectic hehee wale.

2. naikokene-ke haka pono maila 'ole tuberous microorganisms - symbionts o nā mea kanu. Lākou nui ke moe i loko o ka mea i wale i kēiaʻano o ka koʻohune mea hiki ke hui pu iho neorganichno oxygen ma hehee wale, a hōʻoia i ko lakou mau mea kanu. Kaʻoi loa no ka mea, o keia aina, a kanu i nui nā minelala hao.

3. chemoautotrophs - microorganisms e kālele ana'okanikaʻole waiwai? Ueony i loko o ke kumu o lātoma. Lākou nui ke moe ia ma ka mea i ka mea, hiki ke hoʻokō 'loaa ma ke kumu o eclectic' ikamu, a hoouna ia lakou i ka mea kanu laila.

mea hiki ole mea

No ka lōʻihi manawa ka mea i manaoio ia ano ala hiki luna 'wale meaola. Eia naʻe, elua makahiki aku nei ka mea i ike i keia mea loaʻa mea i loaʻa i loko o ka hū koʻohune a me ka bitumena punahelu.

Nā kānakaʻepekema hoʻoholo ihola e alakai i ka hoʻokolohua, e loaʻa mai paha Agropedological haha aku i ke alo o ka koʻohune i loko o ka lewa aia puni ka ammonia. Surprisingly, na koʻohune oi a pau 'upu' ana o experimenters. Mahalo i kēia noiʻi, ua loaʻa nä känaka 'epekema i koʻohune mea i hiki ke hoomaopopo ala.

summing mai

hula lepo koʻohune nui i kūlana ma ka lepo fertility a me ke ola o nā mea e noho ana. Ma keia 'atikala mākou Loaa ia noho ma ka lepo koʻohune, a pehea e hai aku ana i ka hooulu ana o ka mea kanu, a ola meaola.

I ka hana ana a me ka honua e e hoʻomanaʻo ia mea, ua ike ole wale waiwai microorganisms, akā, i pathogens i hiki lilo konohiki o ke ola-hooweliweli maʻi. Ua ua ikaika pono e komo Loan, a holoi i ko lakou mau lima ma hope loa ana. E hoʻokaʻaʻike ola!