Lolo 'ole. pons

O na nenoai a pau o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana o ke kino ia mai he kupaianaha wahi. Ka lolo hoʻi iā na mana a pau, a ua hāʻawi mai i ke kanaka. Mahalo iā ia, i ka pilina ma waena o ka hana ana o na nā loko, a nenoai. Me ka rula o ka lolo kanaka makemake ole e he viableʻahahui. Mahalo i ka wahi hana o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, ke hele nei, e olelo aku, manaʻo, a haha aku i ka mawaho stimuli. Ka lolo i ka luna '' ole, kela mea keia mea o kona eiiiiiaiou mea kuleana i ka kekahi kuleana pili i. Aka hoi, kona hana hale i ko makou kino wale nō i loko o ka hoʻopiha. Oi loa aku hoi i ka waiwai o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana, nā lālā o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana i na medulla a me pons. Ka mea, aia no iloko olaila walaʻauʻana nui ioauoa (mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko, naehana hanu, cough, slozootdelitelny), e like me ka pono i haawi ala i ka hapanui o ka cranial nā aʻalolo.

Ka 'ole o ka lolo

Ke mall pa alima o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana mea he neuron. He keia halepaahao mea kuleana no ka hiki aku, aaioee a me ka waiho waho pūnaewele o ka 'ike. A pau i ke kanaka lolo mea he lālā o ka neurons a me kā lākou mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana - axons a me dendrites. Lakou hōʻoia 'ia ai i nā lepa ma ka CNS, a hoʻi i nā nā loko. Ka lolo Ua haku o ka poʻo, a keʻokeʻo mea. Ka hana mua iho neurons, ka lua - kā lākou axons. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hale i lolo hemisphere (haʻalele a me ka pololei), cerebellum a me ke kumu. Ka mea mua i kuleana no kanaka manao, i kona hoomanao ana, noʻonoʻoloi, paʻakikī. i loko o 'ana, ka cerebellum mea nui no ka Hawaii ōhumu, ia mau hiʻohiʻona nō me kēia nui ku, hele, lawe i nā' ikamu. pons ke aupuni 'lalo. He mea ka loulou ma waena o ka medulla a me ka cerebellum.

Pons: 'ole a me ka ho'āʻo

Ke alahaka o kekahi o nā māhele o ka hindbrain. Kona lōʻihi loli aʻe mai ka 2.4 hiki i 2,6 knm pons i ke kaupaona ana ma kahi o 7 g. Hale i abut me ia, -. Ua oblong a midbrain transverse hewa elua. I ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou e pons luna a me ka waena cerebellar peduncles i mea nui kēlā alahele. Front o ka basilar Groove, na na arteries haawi i ka lolo, a ua aia ae i ka OAAIeOO kahua o ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo. Ma ka hope o ka pons pepa i ka luna o rhomboid lua ma i hoohui 6 a me ka hapa 7 o ka cranial nā aʻalolo. Ma ka luna o ke alahaka e moe loa ka Korata: (5, 6, 7, 8). corticospinal, bulbar a? ia n oaa alanui: ma ke kumu o ke alahaka i luna-ia ala e mālama nei.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o keia kino.

1. Alakaʻi mele - e like me kona mauʻaoʻao i nā aʻalolo impulses i ka cerebral cortex, a me ka spinal ke kaula.
2. Mai hoopa aku papa - Ua hoakaka ia ma ka vestibular-cochlear a me ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo. Ma ka nuclei o ka 8th cranial nā aʻalolo ia lŘlŘ aaioee 'ike e pili ana i ka vestibular stimulation.
3. Hawaii - 'oi aku ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o nā mea a pau lehalehu t nāʻiʻo. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka nuclei o ka trigeminal nā aʻalolo. Eia hou, kona ikepili koʻikoʻi hapa loaʻa 'ike mai ka mucous membranes o ka waha receptors a poʻopoʻo o ke poʻo, a me nā niho. Mau lepa i hoouna aku ma ka puluniu ka uwapo i loko o ka cerebral cortex.
4. Integrative papa hoʻolako i ka loulou ma waena o ke alo a me ka hope lolo.
5. Reflexes o ka Brain.

Reticular ho okumu ana o ke alahaka

Reticular ho okumu - ka manamana ai lei, aia i loko o ka lolo, oia hoi o ke aʻalolo keena a me nuclei. He loaʻa i loko o aneane pau CNS me ka ho okumu a smoothly höʻike mai kekahi 'Oihana i kekahi. Pontine reticular ho okumu ua manaʻo ma waena o ka elongated a me ka midbrain. Kona mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana lōʻihi - axons kuahene he keʻokeʻo paa, a neʻe i loko o ka cerebellum. Eia hou, hiki ke hoololiia na olona, o ke aʻalolo keena o ke alahaka lepa, mai ke poo ma ka hope. Eia hou, i ka reticular kahua aaeaao lepa i ka cerebral cortex, no laila, ua loaʻa mea i hoala mai la paha he kanaka moeʻuhane. Nāʻanoʻano,ʻaʻole i ke aupuni 'ma keia hapa o ka uwapo, i kapa i ka hanu-oaio? Aia i loko o ka medulla oblongata.

Reflex papa alahaka

I ka hiki ana o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana e pane i mawaho stimuli ua kapaia he reflex. Lakou i mea hoike o ka hanana o drooling i ka ike ana o ka ai, he makemake i ka moe ana me ke kani malimali mele, a no laila, ma luna o. G. Cerebral Reflexes hiki e conditional a me ka unconditional. Ke kanaka mua loaʻa iā ia kekahi i loko o ka papa o ke ola, ka mea hiki ke huli mai a like ke kaumaha ma muli ko makou mau makemake. Ka la mahope hiki ole e ike, e i loko iho la lakou me ka hānauʻana, aʻaʻole hiki ke Hoʻololi '. Kēia nā Kamehameha a mama, moni 'ia,, hoʻopaʻa hoʻi a me nā reflexes.

E like me ke alahaka, e loli ai i ka helehelena o reflexes

Aie i ka mea i na pons ka hapa quadrigemina, ia mea i pili i ke kūpono 'ana o ka hoolohe, a me ka ana helu reflex. Mahalo i ka mea hope, e hiki ke malama i ke kino i loko o ka kekahi kūlana mākou. Eia hou kekahi, interacting me ka haumāna lolo, ka mea e pani i ka nui hapa o ka Muscle reflexes.